scholarly journals Space Study of a Red Tide-Related Environmental Disaster near Kamchatka Peninsula in September–October 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Bondur ◽  
V. V. Zamshin ◽  
O. I. Chvertkova
Keyword(s):  
Red Tide ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Anomalous Increase ◽  
Avacha Bay

Abstract The results of space monitoring of an extreme ecological situation near Kamchatka Peninsula, which was responsible for a mass death of hydrobionts in autumn 2020, are presented. The analysis of long-term series of satellite data (>15 000 scenes) on sea surface temperature (from 1981 to 2020) and concentration of chlorophyll a (from 2000 to 2020) showed strong positive temperature anomalies (deviations from a climate norm 3–6°C) in the studied region in July–September 2020, which resulted in anomalous increase in the concentration of chlorophyll a (5–8 times higher than the background values) in the end of September–the beginning of October 2020. As a result, a significantly changed biogenic regime led to harmful bloom of algae (red tide), which caused death of hydrobionts both in Avacha Bay and coastal regions of the entire Kamchatka Peninsula.

scholarly journals Validation of Satellite Sea Surface Temperatures and Long-Term Trends in Korean Coastal Regions over Past Decades (1982–2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3742
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Lee ◽  
Kyung-Ae Park
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Tidal Mixing ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Water Temperature Data ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Validation of daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) data from 1982 to 2018 was performed by comparison with quality-controlled in situ water temperature data from Korea Meteorological Administration moored buoys and Korea Oceanographic Data Center observations in the coastal regions around the Korean Peninsula. In contrast to the relatively high accuracy of the SSTs in the open ocean, the SSTs of the coastal regions exhibited large root-mean-square errors (RMSE) ranging from 0.75 K to 1.99 K and a bias ranging from −0.51 K to 1.27 K, which tended to be amplified towards the coastal lines. The coastal SSTs in the Yellow Sea presented much higher RMSE and bias due to the appearance of cold water on the surface induced by vigorous tidal mixing over shallow bathymetry. The long-term trends of OISSTs were also compared with those of in situ water temperatures over decades. Although the trends of OISSTs deviated from those of in situ temperatures in coastal regions, the spatial patterns of the OISST trends revealed a similar structure to those of in situ temperature trends. The trends of SSTs using satellite data explained about 99% of the trends in in situ temperatures in offshore regions (>25 km from the shoreline). This study discusses the limitations and potential of global SSTs as well as long-term SST trends, especially in Korean coastal regions, considering diverse applications of satellite SSTs and increasing vulnerability to climate change.

Introduction to the second Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI-II) and its ground segment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Jeong Han ◽  
Jae-Moo Heo ◽  
Hyun Yang ◽  
Woo-Chang Choi ◽  
Hey-Min Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Tide ◽  
Ocean Color ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Salinity ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
Ocean Monitoring ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Narrow Bands

<p>As the succeeder of the Geostationay Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), the world first geostationary ocean monitoring satellite, the second GOCI (GOCI-II) will be launched in 2020. GOCI-II has 12 narrow bands of 380~865nm center wavelength for earth observation and an broadband band for star observation. The main goals of this GOCI series are to monitor ocena short-term/long-term phenomena like red-tide blooming, floating algae movements, tidal movements, low sea surface salinity variation, sea surface currents, primary productivity, etc. GOCI-II is able to obtain 10 images for the area around Korean peninsula and an image for the full-disk area in everyday during its 10 years lifetime. To handle this huge GOCI-II data, we have to develop the dedicated GOCI-II Ground Segment (G2GS) system with data acquisition antenna and GOCI-II operating infrastructure. G2GS have good performance like the data distribution output delay within 60 minutes, the 99% system operability with redundancy, etc. G2GS also generates 26 level-2 data products and provides all data with dedicated software program like GOCI-II plug-in of SNAP framework. </p>

SATELLITE DATA FOR INVESTIGATION OF RECENT STATE AND PROCESSES IN THE SIVASH BAY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Shchurova ◽  
Ekaterina Shchurova ◽  
Rimma Stanichnaya ◽  
Rimma Stanichnaya ◽  
Sergey Stanichny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Seasonal Wind ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Very High

Sivash bay is the shallow-water lagoon of the Azov Sea. Restricted water exchange and high evaporation form Sivash as the basin with very high salinity. This factor leads to different from the Azov Sea thermal and ice regimes of Sivash. Maine aim of the study presented to investigate recent state and changes of the characteristics and processes in the basin using satellite data. Landsat scanners TM, ETM+, OLI, TIRS together with MODIS and AVHRR were used. Additionally NOMADS NOAA and MERRA meteorological data were analyzed. The next topics are discussed in the work: 1. Changes of the sea surface temperature, ice regime and relation with salinity. 2. Coastal line transformation – long term and seasonal, wind impact. 3. Manifestation of the Azov waters intrusions through the Arabat spit, preferable wind conditions.

scholarly journals Interannual variability of larval fish assemblages associated with water masses in winter in the Taiwan Strait during 2007–2013

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Kai Chen ◽  
Chia-Yi Pan ◽  
Yi-Chen Wang ◽  
Hsiu-Ju Tseng ◽  
Bo-Kun Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Frontal Zones ◽  
The Taiwan Strait

AbstractIn this study, the interannual variations of ichthyoplankton assemblages in the Taiwan Strait (TS) during the winters of 2007–2013 were determined. The cold China Coastal Current (CCC) and Mixed China Coastal Water (MCCW) intruded into the TS and impinged with the warm Kuroshio Branch Current (KBC) with annual variations. Consequently, the ichthyoplankton community in the TS was mainly structured into two assemblages characterized by differing environmental conditions. The composition of the warm KBC assemblage was relatively stable and was characterized by Diaphus B and Bregmaceros spp. By contrast, the cold MCCW assemblage demonstrated considerable variations over the years, with demersal Gobiidae and Scorpaenidae families considered the most representative. In addition, Benthosema pterotum and Trichiurus spp. were common in both KBC and MCCW assemblages. The distribution of the KBC assemblage demonstrated sharp boundaries in the frontal zones, whereas changes in the assemblage structure between the frontal zones were gradual for the MCCW assemblage, particularly when demersal taxa were dominant. Sea surface temperature and salinity were most strongly associated with variability in the assemblage structure during the study period. Thus, this paper provides a better understanding of long-term larval fish dynamics during winter in the TS.

scholarly journals Long term trends in the sea surface temperature of the Black Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Shapiro ◽  
D. L. Aleynik ◽  
L. D. Mee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Sst Variability ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Cooling Trend

Abstract. There is growing understanding that recent deterioration of the Black Sea ecosystem was partly due to changes in the marine physical environment. This study uses high resolution 0.25° climatology to analyze sea surface temperature variability over the 20th century in two contrasting regions of the sea. Results show that the deep Black Sea was cooling during the first three quarters of the century and was warming in the last 15–20 years; on aggregate there was a statistically significant cooling trend. The SST variability over the Western shelf was more volatile and it does not show statistically significant trends. The cooling of the deep Black Sea is at variance with the general trend in the North Atlantic and may be related to the decrease of westerly winds over the Black Sea, and a greater influence of the Siberian anticyclone. The timing of the changeover from cooling to warming coincides with the regime shift in the Black Sea ecosystem.

scholarly journals Controlling atmospheric forcing parameters of global ocean models: sequential assimilation of sea surface Mercator-Ocean reanalysis data

Ocean Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Skandrani ◽  
J.-M. Brankart ◽  
N. Ferry ◽  
J. Verron ◽  
P. Brasseur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Forcing ◽  
Ocean Reanalysis ◽  
Ocean Reanalysis Data

Abstract. In the context of stand alone ocean models, the atmospheric forcing is generally computed using atmospheric parameters that are derived from atmospheric reanalysis data and/or satellite products. With such a forcing, the sea surface temperature that is simulated by the ocean model is usually significantly less accurate than the synoptic maps that can be obtained from the satellite observations. This not only penalizes the realism of the ocean long-term simulations, but also the accuracy of the reanalyses or the usefulness of the short-term operational forecasts (which are key GODAE and MERSEA objectives). In order to improve the situation, partly resulting from inaccuracies in the atmospheric forcing parameters, the purpose of this paper is to investigate a way of further adjusting the state of the atmosphere (within appropriate error bars), so that an explicit ocean model can produce a sea surface temperature that better fits the available observations. This is done by performing idealized assimilation experiments in which Mercator-Ocean reanalysis data are considered as a reference simulation describing the true state of the ocean. Synthetic observation datasets for sea surface temperature and salinity are extracted from the reanalysis to be assimilated in a low resolution global ocean model. The results of these experiments show that it is possible to compute piecewise constant parameter corrections, with predefined amplitude limitations, so that long-term free model simulations become much closer to the reanalysis data, with misfit variance typically divided by a factor 3. These results are obtained by applying a Monte Carlo method to simulate the joint parameter/state prior probability distribution. A truncated Gaussian assumption is used to avoid the most extreme and non-physical parameter corrections. The general lesson of our experiments is indeed that a careful specification of the prior information on the parameters and on their associated uncertainties is a key element in the computation of realistic parameter estimates, especially if the system is affected by other potential sources of model errors.

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