Inconsistency of conservation laws for the baryon number and electric charge with the conception of black holes

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 359-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Gershtein ◽  
A. A. Logunov ◽  
M. A. Mestvirishvili
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Baryon Number

scholarly journals Cumulants of multiple conserved charges and global conservation laws

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Vovchenko ◽  
Roman V. Poberezhnyuk ◽  
Volker Koch
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Thermal System ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Conserved Charges ◽  
Global Conservation ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Grand Canonical

Abstract We analyze the behavior of cumulants of conserved charges in a subvolume of a thermal system with exact global conservation laws by extending a recently developed subensemble acceptance method (SAM) [1] to multiple conserved charges. Explicit expressions for all diagonal and off-diagonal cumulants up to sixth order that relate them to the grand canonical susceptibilities are obtained. The derivation is presented for an arbitrary equation of state with an arbitrary number of different conserved charges. The global conservation effects cancel out in any ratio of two second order cumulants, in any ratio of two third order cumulants, as well as in a ratio of strongly intensive measures Σ and ∆ involving any two conserved charges, making all these quantities particularly suitable for theory-to-experiment comparisons in heavy-ion collisions. We also show that the same cancellation occurs in correlators of a conserved charge, like the electric charge, with any non-conserved quantity such as net proton or net kaon number. The main results of the SAM are illustrated in the framework of the hadron resonance gas model. We also elucidate how net-proton and net-Λ fluctuations are affected by conservation of electric charge and strangeness in addition to baryon number.

scholarly journals Quasinormal modes of dilatonic Reissner–Nordström black holes

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo ◽  
Sarah Kahlen ◽  
Jutta Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Quasinormal Modes ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Dilaton Coupling

AbstractWe calculate the quasinormal modes of static spherically symmetric dilatonic Reissner–Nordström black holes for general values of the electric charge and of the dilaton coupling constant. The spectrum of quasinormal modes is composed of five families of modes: polar and axial gravitational-led modes, polar and axial electromagnetic-led modes, and polar scalar-led modes. We make a quantitative analysis of the spectrum, revealing its dependence on the electric charge and on the dilaton coupling constant. For large electric charge and large dilaton coupling, strong deviations from the Reissner–Nordström modes arise. In particular, isospectrality is strongly broken, both for the electromagnetic-led and the gravitational-led modes, for large values of the charge.

Noether symmetry analysis for novel gravitational wave-like spacetimes and their conservation laws

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (28) ◽  
pp. 2050234
Author(s):  
Amir Sultan Khan ◽  
Israr Ali Khan ◽  
Saeed Islam ◽  
Farhad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Conformal Factor ◽  
Noether Symmetries ◽  
Plane Symmetric ◽  
Symmetric Spacetimes ◽  
Symmetric Structure

The phenomena-like Hawking radiation, the collapse of black holes, and neutron stars decrease the curvature of spacetime continuously with the passage of time. The time conformal factor adds some curvature to nonstatic spacetime. In this article, some novel classes of nonstatic plane-symmetric spacetimes are explored by introducing a time conformal factor in the exact plane-symmetric spacetimes in such a way that their symmetric structure remains conserved. This technique re-scales the energy contents of the corresponding spacetimes, which comes with a re-scaled part in each spacetime. The invariant quantities corresponding to the Noether symmetries are also calculated.

scholarly journals Freeze-Out Parameters from Electric Charge and Baryon Number Fluctuations: Is There Consistency?

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Borsanyi ◽  
Z. Fodor ◽  
S. D. Katz ◽  
S. Krieg ◽  
C. Ratti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Charge ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Freeze Out

scholarly journals ELECTRIC CHARGE ESTIMATION OF A NEWBORN BLACK HOLE

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2035-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTON BAUSHEV ◽  
PASCAL CHARDONNET
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Good Conductor ◽  
Charge Formula

Though a black hole can theoretically possess a very big charge ([Formula: see text]), the charge of the real astrophysical black holes is usually considered to be negligible. This supposition is based on the fact that an astrophysical black hole is always surrounded by some plasma, which is a very good conductor. However, it disregards the fact that black holes usually have some angular momentum, which can be interpreted as their rotation of a sort. If in the plasma surrounding the hole there is some magnetic field, it leads to electric field creation and, consequently, charge separation. In this article we estimate the upper limit of the electric charge of stellar mass astrophysical black holes. We have considered a new black hole formation process and shown that the charge of a newborn black hole can be significant (~ 1013 C ). Though the obtained charge of an astrophysical black hole is big, the charge-to-mass ratio is small, [Formula: see text], and it is not enough to affect significantly either the gravitational field of the star or the dynamics of its collapse.

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