Time variations of geopotential coefficients in the structure of the oscillatory process of the Earth’s pole

ABSTRACTSaturn's broad E ring, the narrow G ring and the structured and apparently time variable F ring(s), contain many micron and sub-micron sized particles, which make up the “visible” component. These rings (or ring systems) are in direct contact with magnetospheric plasma. Fluctuations in the plasma density and/or mean energy, due to magnetospheric and solar wind processes, may induce stochastic charge variations on the dust particles, which in turn lead to an orbit perturbation and spatial diffusion. It is suggested that the extent of the E ring and the braided, kinky structure of certain portions of the F rings as well as possible time variations are a result of plasma induced electromagnetic perturbations and drag forces. The G ring, in this scenario, requires some form of shepherding and should be akin to the F ring in structure. Sputtering of micron-sized dust particles in the E ring by magnetospheric ions yields lifetimes of 102to 104years. This effect as well as the plasma induced transport processes require an active source for the E ring, probably Enceladus.

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Innovation of Natural Preservation of Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Using Coconut Coconut Ashes with Drying Time Variations on Hedonics

Serambi Journal of Agricultural Technology ◽

10.32672/sjat.v2i2.2433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rika Agustina ◽

Rita Sunartaty ◽

Teuku Makmur

Keyword(s):

Research Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Drying Time ◽

Basic Ingredient ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Salt Substitute ◽

Long Time ◽

Time Variations ◽

Rastrelliger Kanagurta

Coconut frond ash is one of the wastes from coconut trees which has not been maximally utilized. Coconut frond ash contains MgCl2 and KCl so that it can be used as a salt substitute in the process of preserving fish. In this study coconut frond ash was used as a basic ingredient for making dried mackerel with a long time of drying to storage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drying time on mackerel storage. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors studied. The first factor is the drying time consists of 3 levels, namely P1 = 3 days, P2 = 4 days, P3 = 5 days. The second factor is storage which consists of 3 levels, namely S1 = 30 days, S2 = 60 days, S3 = 90 days. Each treatment was repeated 2 times to obtain 18 experimental units to observed hedonic tests. From the results of the study it can be stated that the treatment has a very significant effect (P≥0.01) on the hedonic test which includes (color, aroma, taste and texture).

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Interpretation of time variations of particle-borne radioactivity

Tellus ◽

10.3402/tellusa.v23i4-5.10525 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 23 (4-5) ◽

pp. 462-462

Author(s):

Henning Rodhe

Keyword(s):

Time Variations

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Electromagnetic Radiation

10.1093/oso/9780198726500.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Richard R. Freeman ◽

James A. King ◽

Gregory P. Lafyatis

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Radiation ◽

Energy Transport ◽

Radiation Reaction ◽

Classical Electrodynamics ◽

X Rays ◽

Field Equations ◽

Radio Frequency Radiation ◽

Relativistic Treatment ◽

Time Variations ◽

Radiation Science

Electromagnetic Radiation is a graduate level book on classical electrodynamics with a strong emphasis on radiation. This book is meant to quickly and efficiently introduce students to the electromagnetic radiation science essential to a practicing physicist. While a major focus is on light and its interactions, topics in radio frequency radiation, x-rays, and beyond are also treated. Special emphasis is placed on applications, with many exercises and homework problems. The format of the book is designed to convey the basic concepts of a topic in the main central text in the book in a mathematically rigorous manner, but with detailed derivations routinely relegated to the accompanying side notes or end of chapter “Discussions.” The book is composed of four parts: Part I is a review of basic E&M, and assumes the reader has a had a good upper division undergraduate course, and while it offers a concise review of topics covered in such a course, it does not treat any given topic in detail; specifically electro- and magnetostatics. Part II addresses the origins of radiation in terms of time variations of charge and current densities within the source, and presents Jefimenko’s field equations as derived from retarded potentials. Part III introduces special relativity and its deep connection to Maxwell’s equations, together with an introduction to relativistic field theory, as well as the relativistic treatment of radiation from an arbitrarily accelerating charge. A highlight of this part is a chapter on the still partially unresolved problem of radiation reaction on an accelerating charge. Part IV treats the practical problems of electromagnetic radiation interacting with matter, with chapters on energy transport, scattering, diffraction and finally an illuminating, application-oriented treatment of fields in confined environments.

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New Limit on Space-Time Variations in the Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio from Analysis of Quasar J110325-264515 Spectra

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym12030344 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 344

Author(s):

T. D. Le

Keyword(s):

Fine Structure ◽

Structure Constant ◽

Space Time ◽

Fine Structure Constant ◽

Electron Mass ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Quasar Spectra ◽

Time Variations ◽

Using Data ◽

The Universe

Astrophysical tests of current values for dimensionless constants known on Earth, such as the fine-structure constant, α , and proton-to-electron mass ratio, μ = m p / m e , are communicated using data from high-resolution quasar spectra in different regions or epochs of the universe. The symmetry wavelengths of [Fe II] lines from redshifted quasar spectra of J110325-264515 and their corresponding values in the laboratory were combined to find a new limit on space-time variations in the proton-to-electron mass ratio, ∆ μ / μ = ( 0.096 ± 0.182 ) × 10 − 7 . The results show how the indicated astrophysical observations can further improve the accuracy and space-time variations of physics constants.

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Analysis of corrosion rate at bone implant replacement materials with immersion time variations in simulated body fluid

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1034/1/012153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1034 (1) ◽

pp. 012153

Author(s):

Atria Pradityana ◽

Nur Husodo ◽

Rizaldy Hakim Ash-Shiddieqy ◽

Muhammad Saiful Rizal

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Corrosion Rate ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Immersion Time ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Time Variations

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King-Hele orbit theory for periodic orbit and attitude variations

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ◽

10.1093/mnras/staa3630 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 501 (1) ◽

pp. 1168-1187

Author(s):

Vishal Ray ◽

Daniel J Scheeres

Keyword(s):

Drag Coefficient ◽

Dynamic Parameter ◽

Mission Design ◽

Fourier Series Expansion ◽

Satellite Orbits ◽

Physical Interaction ◽

Satellite Mission ◽

Simplifying Assumptions ◽

Time Variations ◽

Specific Factors

ABSTRACT The analytical theory of satellite orbits in an atmosphere developed by King-Hele remains widely in use for satellite mission design because of its accurate approximation to numerical integration under simplifying assumptions. Over the course of six decades, modifications to the theory have addressed many of its weaknesses. However, in all subsequent modifications of the original theory, the assumption of a constant drag-coefficient has been retained. The drag-coefficient is a dynamic parameter that governs the physical interaction between the atmosphere and the satellite and depends on ambient as well as satellite specific factors. In this work, Fourier series expansion models of the drag-coefficient are incorporated in the original King-Hele theory to capture time-variations of the drag-coefficient in averaging integrals. The modified theory is validated through simulations that demonstrate the attained improvements in approximating numerical results over the original King-Hele formulation.

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Predicting burning time variations in solid rocket motors

Journal of Propulsion and Power ◽

10.2514/3.23515 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 564-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. D. Heister ◽

R. J. Davis

Keyword(s):

Burning Time ◽

Solid Rocket Motors ◽

Rocket Motors ◽

Time Variations ◽

Solid Rocket

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Do governments delay the implementation of parliamentary requests? Examining time variation in implementing legislative requests in Switzerland

Policy Sciences ◽

10.1007/s11077-021-09432-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Isabelle Stadelmann-Steffen ◽

Dominique Oehrli ◽

Adrian Vatter

Keyword(s):

Implementation Research ◽

Time Variation ◽

Controversial Issues ◽

Time Variations ◽

Legislative Mandates ◽

The Government ◽

Systematic Collection ◽

Swiss Government

AbstractThis paper investigates time variations in the implementation of legislative requests by the Swiss government. Combining the literature on executive–legislative relations with findings from implementation research, we focus on the procedural level and argue that implementation delays can occur because the government does not want to, cannot or should not implement faster. We test these mechanisms using a unique database, which enables us to analyse a systematic collection of all legislative requests that have been approved between the parliament’s 2003 winter session and its 2018 spring session. Our results show that the considerable variation in the time needed for the legislative mandates’ implementation is mostly related to the Swiss government’s inability to transpose faster, i.e. to factors like highly busy administrative offices or complex and controversial issues. In contrast, there is no support for the ideas that the government “shall not” or “does not want to” transpose faster.

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