Effect of Viral Infection on the Functioning and Lysis of Black Sea Microalgae Tetraselmis viridis (Chlorophyta) and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Stelmakh ◽  
O. A. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

scholarly journals Selective sensitivity of the Black Sea microalgae to viral infection after exposure to a constant magnetic field

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
O.A. Stepanova ◽  
◽  
P.V. Gaisky ◽  
S.A. Sholar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Laboratory Installation ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Selective Sensitivity ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

The change in sensitivity to viral infection of cultures of three species of Black Sea microalgae (Tetraselmis viridis, Dunaliella viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum) after exposure to a constant unidirectional magnetic field with a magnetic induction of 600 G is experimentally studied. The studies were carried out with using a developed laboratory installation. With the duration of the experiments 24 h and 48 h, it was recorded that being in a magnetic field resulted in an increase in the resistance to viral lysis in microalgae T. viridis, its decrease in P. tricornutum and no changes in D. viridis. We assume that the revealed changes in the sensitivity of microalgae to viral infection after exposure to a magnetic field are due to their species characteristics and selectivity.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE MARINE MICROALGAE CULTURES AS AN INDICATOR OF THE WATER POLLUTION LEVEL OF THE SEVASTOPOL BAY

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
L.V. Stelmakh ◽  
◽  
I.M. Mansurova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Taxonomic Affiliation

The possibility of using cultures of Black Sea planktonic microalgae of different taxonomic affiliation to assess the quality of the aquatic environment based on the assessment of their functional state is shown. The research was carried out on the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, three dinoflagellates species Prorocentrum cordatum, Prorocentrum pusillum and Gyrodinium fissum, as well as the coccolithopho-ride Emiliania huxleyi. It was found that the waters of the Sevastopol Bay in the period from May to August 2021 in 50% of cases had a weak inhibitory effect on the growth of the tested species. In other cases, algae growth was either stimulated or the effect of pollution on cultures was not revealed. The need for using several types of algae in carrying out complex work on water biotesting of the coastal are-as of the Black Sea is highlighted.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Black Sea algal viruses Tetraselmis viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum in bays of Sevastopol as a component of ecological monitoring of the studied aquatories

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
O.A. Stepanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Maximum Frequency ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Algal Viruses ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

Virus monitoring is a widespread control of their background circulation. Since 2002, the monitoring of algal viruses that infect microalgae Tetraselmis viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum has been carried out in the bays of Sevastopol differing in ecological conditions. The purpose of this work is to analyze and assess the results of this long-term (2002–2020) monitoring. The results obtained with taking into account the exactingness or resistance to environmental conditions of hosts of algal viruses that infect microalgae T. viridis and P. tricornutum were the basis for the following conclusions regarding the ecological well-being of the studied bays of Sevastopol: – relatively favorable ecological conditions in 2007–2008, 2017–2018 and in 2020. (maximum frequency of isolation PtV, and/or minimum TvV, and / or maximum difference in frequency of isolation between PtV and TvV); – unfavorable ecological conditions in 2002–2003, 2006 and 2015 (maximum frequency of isolation TvV, and/or minimum PtV, and/or maximum difference in frequency of isolation between TvV and PtV). Analysis of the monitoring results of algal viruses of T. viridis and P. tricornutum in 2015–2020 revealed that the studied relatively ecologically safe bays are characterized by the maximum number of all isolates of algal viruses (both TvV and PtV) and the numerical predominance of strains of algal virus of P. tricornutum, which is demanding to environmental conditions. At the same time, the minimum amount of all viral isolates was recorded in the ecologically unfavorable bay. The results of a long-term monitoring of algal viruses of T. viridis and P. tricornutum have established the possibility of using the monitoring of marine viruses, in particular of algal viruses of microalgae which are indicative of the ecological situation, as a component of complex ecological monitoring as ecological indicator.

Growth of Tetraselmis viridis (Rouchijajnen) R.E.Norris, Hori & Chihara 1980 in the greenhouse pool under natural light and aeration

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana D. Zhondareva ◽  
Rudolf P. Trenkenshu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Carbon Supply ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

The article presents the results of experimental evidence of the possibility of inexpensive mass cultivation of the Black Sea microalgae Tetraselmis viridis Rouch. The experiments were carried out in batch culture in pools under natural light and carbon supply by mixing and air aeration of the culture without additional supply of carbon dioxide. For 8 cm of the illuminated layer of the culture, the density of about 50 g (dry weight)/m2 or 88 billion cells/m2, with the productivity of 14.4 g (dry mass) m-2day-1 or 19 billion cells m-2day-1 has been reached.

scholarly journals Influence of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis exometabolites on R-phycoerythrin concentration in red alga Gelidium spinosum when grown in polyculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
B. N. Belyaev ◽  
N. M. Beregovaya
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Laboratory Installation ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

To increase R-phycoerythrin concentration in red Black Sea alga Gelidium spinosum (S. G. Gmelin) P. C. Silva, 1996 (Rhodophyta), it was cultivated in laboratory conditions in polyculture microalga Tetraselmis viridis – mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis – Gelidium; the results of the study are presented. The positive effect of mussel exometabolites on R-phycoerythrin concentration in Gelidium in polyculture is described. The relevance of the work is determined by the value of R-phycoerythrin, which is used as a powerful antioxidant, as well as a marker in cytometry and microscopy. The aim of the study is to increase R-phycoerythrin concentration in Gelidium using the polyculture method. As a material, Gelidium from the fouling of rocks and coastal protection structures of Karantinnaya Bay (Sevastopol) was used; it was cultivated in a laboratory installation with eight working volumes, four of which contained mussels. Mussel decontamination, supplemented with mineral salts and biogens, was used as a nutrient medium for Gelidium. The combination of mussel exometabolites with previously developed nutrient medium, based on Black Sea water and enriched with nutrients and mineral salts, results in an increase in R-phycoerythrin concentration by more than 2 times, while the addition of exometabolites to pure filtered seawater increases it maximum by 35 %. Approximate ratios of polyculture elements in 1.5-L volumes, allowing to achieve the desired results in 2 weeks, are as follows: 2 g of Gelidium / 50–60 g of two-year-old mussels / 0.4–0.6 g of microalga wet weight.

scholarly journals Changes in infectious titer of Black sea algal virus of the microalgae tetraselmis viridis under the influence of a constant magnetic field

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
O.A. Stepanova ◽  
◽  
P.V. Gaisky ◽  
S.A. Sholar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Constant Magnetic Field ◽  
Algal Virus ◽  
Infectious Titer ◽  
Algal Viruses ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

In three experiments aimed at studying the effect of a constant magnetic field with a magnetic induction of 600 G and a duration of experiments of 24 and 36 h, it was found that with a low initial titer of the algal virus of the microalgae Tetraselmis viridis, its stay in a magnetic field for 24 h led to an increase in the infectious titer by one order of magnitude. However, when the virus with a higher infectious titer was in a magnetic field for 24 h, no changes in the titer were observed, and after 36 h, its decrease by one order of magnitude was recorded. The results obtained indicate the need for further research in this direction, with using a wider range of algal viruses.

Response of marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Prorocentrum cordatum and Gyrodinium fissum to complex pollution of Sevastopol bays (Black Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Liudmila Stelmakh ◽  
Nela Kovrigina ◽  
Tatiana Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Marine Microalgae ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Taxonomic Affiliation ◽  
Concentration Levels

For the degrees of toxicity assessment within the Black Sea surface coastal waters near Sevastopol, laboratory experiments were performed on three marine microalgae species culture’s growth in water sampled on the three stations of the region from May to December 2020. The study has indicated, that in the majority of cases, insignificant inhibiting influences of the waters to diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin and insignificant stimulated effect to dinoflagellates Prorocentrum сordatum (Ostenfeld) J.D.Dodge and Gyrodinium fissum (Levander) Kofoid & Swezy were observed. Rarely this effect was characterized as chronic or subacute. The concentration levels of both stable and unstable forms of organic substances in the studied waters were estimated. The results of the testing of the water to determine its contamination using microalgae and analysis of the organic substances concentration levels in them, allowed the conclusion that the studied area should be classified as episodically polluted. Justification for the necessity to use several microalgae species of different taxonomic affiliation when performing marine water biotesting is provided in this study.

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