Morphological diversity of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum)) of the Kamchatka River

Two groups of juvenile sockeye salmon are feeding in Lake Azabachye. They belong to the 2nd order stock of the lake (stock A) and to other 2nd order stocks of middle and down stream tributaries of the Kamchatka River which underyearlings migrate into the lake for feeding and wintering (group E). The main part of the stock A leaves the lake to the sea at the age 2+ (mainly 2.3) and the youngsters of the group E migrate to the sea at the age 1+ (mainly 1.3). The body length and weight parameters of the stock A smolts at the age 2+ and the group E smolts at the age 1+ could be similar or dissimilar in particular years. The maximal difference between the smots of these stocks is observed in the years with higher body length and weight for the stock A. Mean for 1979–2016 length and weight of smolts at abovementioned ages are evaluated as 98.42/87.46 mm and 10.40/7.38 g for the A/E stocks. For the stock A, statistically signifcant positive correlation is noted between size-weight parameters of smolts in the years of emigration and their abundance in the years of mass return. However, the regression has a shift between the periods of emigration/return of 1979–2000/1982–2003 and 2003–2013/2006–2016. The correlation is higher for the frst period (r = 0.820; P < 0.001 for body weight and r = 0.797; P < 0.001 for body length, n = 16) than for the second one with higher abundance (r = 0.669; P < 0.05 for body weight and r = 0.711; P < 0.05 for body length, n = 11). On opposite, the returns of the group E depend weakly on size-weight parameters of its smolts for the period of emigration/return of 1979–1997/1982–2000 (no data for return in 1999) and the dependence is insignifcant for the period of 2000–2013/2003–2016.

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Intrapopulation differentiation of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka of the lake-river systems on eastern coast of Kamchatka

Izvestiya TINRO ◽

10.26428/1606-9919-2015-183-27-40 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 183 (4) ◽

pp. 27-40

Author(s):

Anastasia M. Khrustaleva ◽

Natalia V. Klovach

Keyword(s):

Natural Selection ◽

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Large Population ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

River Systems ◽

Fast Growing ◽

Genotype Frequencies ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Kamchatka River

Intrapopulation differentiation of the two large population systems of sockeye salmon from the Kamchatka and Apuka Rivers in East Kamchatka is considered by analysis of 45 SNP loci. Four samples were analyzed: 2 from the lower Kamchatka River (20 specimens for early run and 100 specimens for late run), 1 from the basin of Lake Azabachye belonged to the same system ( n = 81), and 1 from the Apuka River (53 specimens for mass run). No genetic differences were found between the samples for early run and late run in the Kamchatka River, though the late run sockeye could be subdivided into two genetically and morphologically different groupings, probably spawning in different biotopes: the first represented by small, fast-growing and early maturing individuals and the second represented by bigger, late maturing ones. For the Apuka River, the hypothesis was corroborated on simultaneous run of two genetically and ecologically different groupings of sockeye salmon: they differed statistically by allele and genotype frequencies of SNP loci. The intrapopulation differentiation is comparable or even exceeds the interpopulation differences for sockeye salmon of neighbor populations, though it is unobvious for geographically remote populations. This differentiation is supposedly caused by differences of natural selection in some SNP loci for different habitats.

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GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCKEYE SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA(WALBAUM, 1792) IN THE BASIN OF KAMCHATKA RIVER

The researches of the aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and of the north-west part of the Pacific Ocean ◽

10.15853/2072-8212.2019.53.41-56 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 41-56

Author(s):

Oksana A. Pfilganchuk ◽

◽

Nina Yu. Shpfigalskaya ◽

Anastasfiya D. Denfisenko ◽

Vladfimfir V. Savenkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Differentiation ◽

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Kamchatka River

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ON EFFECT OF THE SIZE OF SOCKEYE SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA SMOLTS ON TIME OF THE SCALE SCLERITE FORMING DURING IMPLEMENTING OF THEIR COMPENSATORY GROWTH IN THE YEAR OF MIGRATION TO THE SEA FROM LAKE AZABACHYE (KAMCHATKA RIVER BASIN)

Izvestiya TINRO ◽

10.26428/1606-9919-2018-193-88-98 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 193 ◽

pp. 88-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. F. Bugaev

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

River Basin ◽

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Compensatory Growth ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Scale Structure ◽

Negative Dependence ◽

Kamchatka River ◽

Almost All

The Kamchatka River basin is the reproduction area for the secondary large Asian stock of sockeye salmon, one of the most valuable species of pacific salmons. Several major local stocks and groups of minor stocks occupy the basin, the main of them are: i) A — the aboriginal stock in Lake Azabachye (in the lower Kamchatka basin) which juveniles stay two winters in the lake and migrate to sea in the age 2+; ii) E — the transit group of local stocks spawning in the middle and lower tributaries of the Kamchatka which juveniles enter to Lake Azabachye for feeding and wintering and migrate to the sea after the wintering in the age 1+. The latter underyearlings get an additional mark on the scale (less than typical annuli) entering the Lake because of the feeding conditions change. That’s why almost all (90–95 %) juveniles have two zones of dense sclerites (ZDS) when leave Lake Azabachye, no matter of their 2+ or 1+ age. By the measurements in 1979–1987 of the smolts with two ZDS (A + E) in the year of their migration from Lake Azabachye to the sea, each sclerite on scale had formed in 6.61 days, on average, while the smolts staying in the lake for freshwater feeding (with one ZDS) formed each sclerite in 12.00 days, on average. Correspondingly, the migrants had wider distance between the sclerites (4–5 mm), as compared with those of non-migrants (2.0–2.5 mm) (with 150 times magnification). The aboriginal migrants demonstrate the effect of real compensatory growth in the year of emigration that is reflected in the scale structure as wider intersclerite distances. Negative dependence between the size of smolts and rate of their sclerites forming is observed on the data of 1987–2016 for the aboriginal stock A: the bigger the smolts at age 2+, the lower the rate, the longer the time of new sclerite forming, and the narrower the distance between sclerites, and vice versa. This dependence is interpreted as additional environment-dependent adjustment of the growth rate for the smolts with compensatory growth for their better adaptation and survival.

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Genome‐wide analysis reveals demographic and life‐history patterns associated with habitat modification in landlocked, deep‐spawning sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka )

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.8040 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Farida Samad‐zada ◽

Brett T. Poorten ◽

Shannon Harris ◽

Lyse Godbout ◽

Michael A. Russello

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Habitat Modification ◽

Genome Wide Analysis ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Life History Patterns

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Resumption of anadromy or straying? Origins of Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in the Elwha River

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society ◽

10.1002/tafs.10294 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas P. Quinn ◽

George R. Pess ◽

Ben J.G. Sutherland ◽

Samuel J. Brenkman ◽

Ruth E. Withler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Elwha River

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Alternative Recruitment Models of Adams River Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f87-187 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 44 (9) ◽

pp. 1551-1561 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jeremy S. Collie ◽

Carl J. Walters

Keyword(s):

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Status Quo ◽

Management Policy ◽

Best Management ◽

Interaction Terms ◽

Ricker Model ◽

The Status ◽

Stock Recruitment ◽

High Yields

Despite evidence of depensatory interactions among year-classes of Adams River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), the best management policy is one of equal escapement for all year-classes. We fit alternative models (Ricker model and Larkin model) to 32 yr of stock–recruitment data and checked, using simulation tests, that the significant interaction terms in the Larkin model are not caused by biases in estimating the parameters. We identified a parameter set (Rationalizer model) for which the status quo cyclic escapement policy is optimal, but this set fits the observed data very poorly. Thus it is quite unlikely that the Rationalizer model is correct or that the status quo escapement policy is optimal. Using the fitted stock–recruitment parameters, we simulated the sockeye population under several management policies. The escapement policy optimal under the Ricker model is best overall because of the high yields if it should be correct. If the three stock–recruitment models are equally likely to be correct, the simulations predict that adopting a constant-escapement policy would increase long-term yield 30% over the current policy and that an additional 15% increase in yield could be obtained if the policy were actively adaptive.

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