Isotope solvent effect on the hydrogenation of maleic acid

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1832-1837
Author(s):  
Rostislav Kudláček ◽  
Josef Cabicar ◽  
Milan Buňata
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Maleic Acid

The Effects of Sodium Citrate and an Excess of Plasminogen on Fibrinolytic Agents

1960 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 462-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tage Astrup ◽  
Ida Sterndorff
Keyword(s):  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Fibrinolytic Agents ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acids

Summary1. The presence of citrate in the normal fibrin enhanced the fibrinolytic activity of plasminogen activators, including trypsin. The effect of proteases (on normal or on heated fibrin, containing citrate) was not significantly influenced.2. The effect of plasminogen activators was also increased when excess of plasminogen was present in the normal fibrin plates.3. Fumaric acid and maleic acid belong to the polycarboxylic acids producing an enhancing effect.

Environmentally Friendly Preparation of Magnetic Composites Featuring Proteolytic Properties

INEOS OPEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Samoilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Magnetic Composites ◽  
Interpolyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Hydrolysis Rates ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Noncovalent Binding

The enzyme-containing magnetic composites are presented. The magnetic matrix for enzyme immobilization is obtained by sequential application of an amine-containing polysaccharide—chitosan and a synthetic polymer—poly(ethylene-alt-maleic acid) to the magnetite microparticles to form the interpolyelectrolyte complex shell. Then, the enzyme (trypsin) is immobilized by covalent or noncovalent binding. Thus, the suggested composites can be readily obtained in the environmentally friendly manner. The enzyme capacity of the resulting composites reaches 28.0–32.6 mg/g. The maximum hydrolysis rates of the H-Val-Leu-Lys-pNA substrate provided by these composites range within 0.60·10–7–0.77·10–7 M/min.

Thermal gravimetric analysis of in-situ crosslinked nanocellulose whiskers • poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic acid) • polyethylene glycol

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
LEE A. GOETZ ◽  
AJI P. MATHEW ◽  
KRISTIINA OKSMAN ◽  
ARTHUR J. RAGAUSKAS
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Vinyl Ether ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Methyl Vinyl ◽  
Methyl Vinyl Ether

The thermal stability and decomposition of in-situ crosslinked nanocellulose whiskers – poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic acid) – polyethylene glycol formulations (PMVEMA-PEG), (25%, 50%, and 75% whiskers) – were investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. The thermal degradation behavior of the films varied according to the percent cellulose whiskers in each formulation. The presence of cellulose whiskers increased the thermal stability of the PMVEMA-PEG matrix.

Kinetic Solvent Effects in Organic Reactions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Slakman ◽  
Richard West
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
High Throughput Manner

<div> <div> <div> <p>This article reviews prior work studying reaction kinetics in solution, with the goal of using this information to improve detailed kinetic modeling in the solvent phase. Both experimental and computational methods for calculating reaction rates in liquids are reviewed. Previous studies, which used such methods to determine solvent effects, are then analyzed based on reaction family. Many of these studies correlate kinetic solvent effect with one or more solvent parameters or properties of reacting species, but it is not always possible, and investigations are usually done on too few reactions and solvents to truly generalize. From these studies, we present suggestions on how best to use data to generalize solvent effects for many different reaction types in a high throughput manner. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Tissue Distribution and Systemic Toxicity Evaluation of Raloxifene Targeted Polymeric Micelles of Poly (Styrene-Maleic Acid)-Poly (Amide- Ether-Ester-Imide)-Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Loaded With Docetaxel in Breast Cancer Bearing Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaleh Varshosaz ◽  
Farshid Hassanzadeh ◽  
Batool Hashemi-Beni ◽  
Mohsen Minaiyan ◽  
Saeedeh Enteshari
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Ether Ester

Background: Due to the low water solubility of Docetaxel (DTX), it is formulated with ethanol and Tween 80 with lots of side effects. For this reason, special attention has been paid to formulate it in new drug nano-carriers. Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety, antitumor activity and tissue distribution of the novel synthesized Raloxifene (RA) targeted polymeric micelles. Methods: DTX-loaded RA-targeted polymeric micelles composed of poly(styrene-maleic acid)- poly(amide-ether-ester-imide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (SMA-PAEE-PEG) were prepared and their antitumor activity was studied in MC4-L2 tumor-bearing mice compared with non-targeted micelles and free DTX. Safety of the micelles was studied by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining of tumors and major organs of the mice. The drug accumulation in the tumor and major organs was measured by HPLC method. Results: The results showed better tumor growth inhibition and increased survival of mice treated with DTX-loaded in targeted micelles compared to the non-targeted micelles and free DTX. Histopathological studies, H&E staining of tumors and immunohistochemical examination showed the potential of DTX-loaded RA-targeted micelles to inhibit tumor cells proliferation. The higher accumulation of the DTX in the tumor tissue after injection of the micelles compared to the free DTX may indicate the higher uptake of the targeted micelles by the G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptors (GPER). Conclusion: The results indicate that RA-conjugated polymeric micelles may be a strong and effective drug delivery system for DTX therapy and uptake of the drug into tumor cells, and overcome the disadvantages and side effects of conventional DTX.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document