scholarly journals Associations of regular glucosamine use with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a large prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. annrheumdis-2020-217176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hao Li ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Vincent CH Chung ◽  
Wen-Fang Zhong ◽  
Qi Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Digestive Disease ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Respiratory Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Large Prospective Cohort

ObjectivesTo evaluate the associations of regular glucosamine use with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large prospective cohort.MethodsThis population-based prospective cohort study included 495 077 women and men (mean (SD) age, 56.6 (8.1) years) from the UK Biobank study. Participants were recruited from 2006 to 2010 and were followed up through 2018. We evaluated all-cause mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, respiratory and digestive disease. HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause and cause-specific mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for potential confounding variables.ResultsAt baseline, 19.1% of the participants reported regular use of glucosamine supplements. During a median follow-up of 8.9 years (IQR 8.3–9.7 years), 19 882 all-cause deaths were recorded, including 3802 CVD deaths, 8090 cancer deaths, 3380 respiratory disease deaths and 1061 digestive disease deaths. In multivariable adjusted analyses, the HRs associated with glucosamine use were 0.85 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.89) for all-cause mortality, 0.82 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.90) for CVD mortality, 0.94 (95% CI 0.88 to 0.99) for cancer mortality, 0.73 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.81) for respiratory mortality and 0.74 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.90) for digestive mortality. The inverse associations of glucosamine use with all-cause mortality seemed to be somewhat stronger among current than non-current smokers (p for interaction=0.00080).ConclusionsRegular glucosamine supplementation was associated with lower mortality due to all causes, cancer, CVD, respiratory and digestive diseases.

scholarly journals Depression, diabetes, their comorbidity and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Prigge ◽  
Sarah H Wild ◽  
Caroline A Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Circulatory Disease ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

Aims/hypothesis: To investigate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among participants with neither, one, or both of diabetes and depression in a large prospective cohort study in the United Kingdom. Methods: Our study population included 499,830 UK Biobank participants without schizophrenia and bipolar disorder at baseline. Type 1 or type 2 diabetes and depression were identified using self-reported diagnoses, prescribed medication and hospital records. Mortality was identified from death records using the primary cause of death to define cause-specific mortality. We performed Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality and mortality due to cancer, circulatory disease and causes of death other than circulatory disease or cancer among participants with either depression (n=41,791) or diabetes alone (n=22,677) and with comorbid diabetes and depression (n=3,597), compared to the group with neither condition (n=431,765) adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, comorbidities, and history of CVD or cancer. We investigated for interaction between diabetes and depression. Results: During a median of 6.8 (IQR: 6.1 - 7.5) years of follow-up, there were 13,724 deaths (cancer (n=7,976), circulatory disease (n=2,827), and other causes (n=2,921)). Adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality and mortality due to cancer, circulatory disease and other causes were highest among people with comorbid depression and diabetes (HRs 2.16, 95% CI 1.94 - 2.42; 1.62, 95% CI 1.35 - 1.93; 2.22 95% CI 1.80 - 2.73 and 3.60, 95% CI 2.93 - 4.42, respectively). Among those with comorbid diabetes and depression, the risks of all-cause, cancer and other mortality exceeded the sum of the risks due to diabetes and depression alone. Conclusions/interpretation: We confirmed the negative impact of depression and diabetes on mortality outcomes, and also identified that comorbid depression and diabetes had synergistic effects on all-cause mortality which was largely driven by deaths due to cancer and causes other than circulatory disease and cancer.

scholarly journals Consumption of flavonoid-rich fruits and risk of CHD: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 952-959
Author(s):  
Yiyi Yang ◽  
Jia-Yi Dong ◽  
Renzhe Cui ◽  
Isao Muraki ◽  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

AbstractAlthough the association between fruit consumption and CHD risk has been well studied, few studies have focused on flavonoid-rich fruits (FRF), in particular strawberries and grapes. We aimed to verify the association of total and specific FRF consumption with risk of CHD by a large prospective cohort study. A total of 87 177 men and women aged 44–75 years who were free of CVD and cancer at study baseline were eligible for the present analysis. FRF consumption was assessed using a FFQ. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) of CHD in relation to FRF consumption with adjustment for potential risk factors and confounders. During a mean follow-up of 13·2 years, we identified 1156 incident CHD cases. After full adjustment for covariates including demographics, lifestyles and dietary factors, the HR were 0·93 (95 % CI 0·77, 1·11), 0·91 (95 % CI 0·75, 1·11), 0·84 (95 % CI 0·67, 1·04) and 0·78 (95 % CI 0·62, 0·99) for the second, third, fourth and fifth quintiles compared with the lowest quintile of FRF consumption. Regarding specific fruits, we observed a significant inverse association for citrus fruit consumption and a borderline inverse association for strawberry consumption, while no association was observed for apple/pear or grape consumption. Although the associations appeared to be stronger in women, they were not significantly modified by sex. Higher consumption of FRF, in particular, citrus fruits, may be associated with a lower risk of developing CHD.

scholarly journals Serum Galectin-3 levels and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a prospective cohort study

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxin Liu ◽  
Qijun Wu ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Abstract Background Higher serum galectin-3 levels are related to adverse outcomes in different disease states. However, the association of galectin-3 with mortality in the maintenance hemodialysis (HD) population has not been fully described. Thus, we aimed to assess the predictive significance of galectin-3 for all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality through a Chinese maintenance HD population. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in five hundred and six patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent hemodialysis at Dalian Central Hospital before December 31, 2014. Serum galectin-3 levels were measured at baseline and classified as high (> 8.65 ng/ml) or low (≤ 8.65 ng/ml) according to the “X-tile” program. Primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause and CV mortality, respectively. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results During the median follow-up of 60 months, there were 188 all-cause deaths and 125 CV deaths. Compared with maintenance HD population with galectin-3 ≤ 8.65 ng/ml, the adjusted HR for all-cause mortality among those with galectin-3 >  8.65 ng/ml was 1.59 (CI: 0.96–2.65, p = 0.07). Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed that maintenance HD patients with galectin-3 >  8.65 ng/ml had a 2.13-fold higher risk of CV death than those with galectin-3 ≤ 8.65 ng/ml (HR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.07–4.26). Conclusion Galectin-3 is an independent predictor of CV mortality in maintenance HD patients.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Urinary 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanol and Lung Cancer Risk in the General Population: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Park ◽  
Min Kyung Lim ◽  
Eunjung Park ◽  
Jin-Kyoung Oh ◽  
Do-Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Based

No published studies have prospectively evaluated the association between urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) levels and lung cancer risk in the general population. Here, we conducted a prospective community-based cohort study in the Republic of Korea to evaluate the relationship between urinary NNAL levels and lung cancer risk using prediagnostic urine samples. This prospective cohort study was based on the Korean National Cancer Center Community Cohort. During the follow-up period, 173 primary lung cancer cases were identified. Total urinary NNAL levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and data were analyzed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. The risk of lung cancer was significantly increased per unit of natural log-transformed urinary NNAL (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.09–1.48), after adjusting for age, region, entry year into the cohort, education achievement, alcohol consumption status, BMI, smoking status, and urinary cotinine levels. Cox proportional-hazards models with NNAL quartiles also showed positive dose-response relationships with risk of lung cancer. A significantly increased risk of lung cancer was found in the fourth quartile of urinary NNAL levels (HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.37–7.79, P for trend < 0.01). After stratification with sex, the significant association remained in only men. Urinary NNAL levels are associated with the risk of lung cancer in the general population, and this association is independent from the quantification of cigarette smoking and nicotine uptake.

The cumulative effect of frailty and cognition on mortality – results of a prospective cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. St. John ◽  
Suzanne L. Tyas ◽  
Lauren E. Griffith ◽  
Verena Menec
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Gender And Education

ABSTRACTBackground:Both physical frailty and cognitive impairment predict death, but the joint effect of these two factors is uncertain. The objectives are to determine if the Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the Frailty Index (FI) predict death over a five-year interval after accounting for the effect of the other; and if there is an interaction in this effect.Methods:An analysis of an existing prospective cohort study of 1,751 community living older adults followed over a five-year time frame. Age, gender, and education were self-reported. The predictor variables were the FI – a measure of frailty based on the “Accumulation of Deficits” model of frailty; and the MMSE. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed for the outcome of time to death.Results:The unadjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% CI) for mortality was 2.17 (1.69, 2.80) for those who were only cognitively impaired, 2.02 (1.53, 2.68) for those who were only frail, and 3.57 (2.75, 4.62) for those who were both frail and cognitively impaired with the reference group of those who were neither frail nor cognitively impaired. Adjusted for age, gender, and education, the HR (95% CI) was 1.49 (1.13. 1.95) for those who were only cognitively impaired, 1.81 (1.35, 2.41) for those who were only frail, and 2.28 (1.69, 3.09) for those who were both frail and cognitively impaired.Conclusions:Both frailty and cognitive impairment are predictors of mortality and the effect is cumulative. There was no interaction in this effect.

scholarly journals Neonatal BCG vaccination and child survival in TB-exposed and TB-unexposed children: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e035595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne M Thysen ◽  
Christine Stabell Benn ◽  
Victor Francisco Gomes ◽  
Frauke Rudolf ◽  
Christian Wejse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models

ObjectivesTo assess the association between neonatal BCG vaccination and mortality between 28 days and 3 years of age among tuberculosis (TB)-exposed and TB-unexposed children.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingBandim Health Project runs an urban Health and Demographic Surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau with registration of mortality, vaccination status and TB cases.ParticipantsChildren entered the analysis when their vaccination card was inspected after 28 days of age and remained under surveillance to 3 years of age. Children residing in the same house as a TB case were classified as TB-exposed from 3 months prior to case registration to the end of follow-up.MethodsUsing Cox-proportional hazards models with age as underlying time scale, we compared mortality of children with and without neonatal BCG between October 2003 and September 2017.Main outcome measureHR for neonatal BCG compared with no neonatal BCG by TB-exposure status.ResultsAmong the 39 421 children who entered the analyses, 3022 (8%) had observation time as TB-exposed. In total, 84% of children received neonatal BCG. Children with neonatal BCG had lower mortality both in TB-exposed (adjusted HR: 0.57 (0.26 to 1.27)) and in TB-unexposed children (HR: 0.57 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.69)) than children without neonatal BCG. Children exposed to TB had higher mortality than TB-unexposed children if they had not received neonatal BCG.ConclusionNeonatal BCG vaccination was associated with lower mortality among both TB-exposed and TB-unexposed children, consistent with neonatal BCG vaccination having beneficial non-specific effects. Interventions to increase timely BCG vaccination are urgently warranted.

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