scholarly journals Correlation of maternal abuse during pregnancy with infant temperament and development

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 938-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohong Zou ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yuping Cao ◽  
Yalin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Infant Temperament ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maternal Abuse ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of domestic violence (DV) against pregnant women on their infant's development in China.Design247 mothers were interviewed using the Chinese version of the Abuse Assessment Screen, and all participants underwent postnatal assessment with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EDPS). Plasma glutamate (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and cortisol levels of the neonates were measured. After a 10-month follow-up, the infants were assessed using the Revised Infant Temperament Questionnaire (RITQ) and Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID).Results86 infants of abused mothers (DV group) and 137 infants of non-abused mothers (non-DV group) completed the 10-month follow-up. Neonate levels of plasma Glu, GABA and cortisol were significantly higher in the DV group than in the non-DV group. Scores for the temperament factors, rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal, mood, distractibility and persistence, of the RITQ were rated significantly higher, and results for the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) of the BSID were significantly lower in the DV group than in the non-DV group at 10 months. After adjustment for the EPDS as a covariate, only distractibility of the RITQ showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. In correlation analysis, infant mood correlated significantly with levels of plasma Glu (β=0.2345) and GABA (β=0.2554), whether or not the EPDS scores were adjusted. Infant persistence and threshold of stimuli scores did not correlate significantly with DV during pregnancy after adjustment for the EPDS.ConclusionsDV against pregnant women may be associated with impaired temperament and development in their infants.

scholarly journals Questionnaires and salivary cortisol to measure stress and depression in mid-pregnancy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250459
Author(s):  
Richelle Vlenterie ◽  
Pauline M. Geuijen ◽  
Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder ◽  
Nel Roeleveld
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Distress Scale

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, with cortisol as its final metabolite, has been proposed as a potential underlying biological mechanism for associations between depression and stress symptoms during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes. In this study, we explored associations between salivary cortisol as a potential biomarker for stress and depressive symptoms and several self-completed psychological measurement scales among pregnant women. In total, 652 pregnant women participating in the PRegnancy and Infant DEvelopment (PRIDE) Study completed the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R), and Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS) and collected a single awakening salivary cortisol sample around gestational week 17. Odds ratios, Spearman’s correlation coefficients (ρs) and Cohen’s Kappa coefficients (κ) were calculated to examine the associations between the EDS, PHQ-2, PRAQ-R, TPDS, and maternal cortisol levels. The overall correlation coefficient between the score on the EDS and the salivary cortisol level was 0.01 (p = 0.89) with κ = -0.01 (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.08–0.06). We did not observe agreement between the PHQ-2 and cortisol levels either (κ = 0.06 (95% CI -0.02–0.14)). The results for the PRAQ-R and TPDS were similar with overall correlations with maternal cortisol levels of ρs = 0.01 (p = 0.81) and ρs = 0.06 (p = 0.35) and agreements of κ = 0.02 (95% CI -0.06–0.09) and κ = -0.02 (95% CI -0.11–0.07), respectively. Maternal awakening salivary cortisol levels and measures of maternal psychological distress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and pregnancy-related anxiety, assessed by self-completed questionnaires, did not seem to be related in mid-pregnancy.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants Treated with Oral Paracetamol Versus Ibuprofen for Patent Ductus Arteriosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1185-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Eras ◽  
Nurdan Uras ◽  
Fuat Canpolat ◽  
Omer Erdeve ◽  
Serife Oguz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Ibuprofen ◽  
Patent Ductus

Objective This study aims to determine the effects of paracetamol versus ibuprofen treatment given to preterm infants for the pharmacological closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 24 months' corrected age. Method A follow-up study was conducted to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants (gestational age ≤ 30 weeks) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for the closure of PDA. The developmental assessment was done by using “Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition” at 18 to 24 months' corrected age. Results A total of 80 infants completed the trial protocol. Of the 75 infants eligible for follow-up, 61 infants (30 in the paracetamol group and 31 in the ibuprofen group) were evaluated. There was no significant difference in neurodevelopmental outcomes between the two groups. Conclusion The neurodevelopmental outcomes did not differ among the preterm infants who receive either paracetamol or ibuprofen at 18 to 24 months' corrected age.

Screening and Treatment for Depression During Pregnancy: A Cautionary Note

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances A Carter ◽  
Janet D Carter ◽  
Suzanne E Luty ◽  
Deborah A Wilson ◽  
Christopher M. A. Frampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Recruitment Strategy ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Low Mood ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the recruitment and retention of depressed pregnant women, identified initially through screening, to a randomized controlled psychotherapy trial. Method: Consecutive pregnant women presenting for routine ultrasound scan were asked to complete the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Women who scored greater than 12 on the EPDS and who agreed to contact were invited to attend an initial assessment to determine eligibility for the trial. Consenting, eligible women were randomized to either cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) or routine clinical care (RCC). Follow-up assessments were conducted at mid (6 weeks following initial assessment), end (approximately 36 weeks gestation), and postpartum (approximately 4 months postdelivery) for all participants. Results: 400 women were offered the EPDS, and 93% completed the questionnaire (370/400). Thirteen percent (49/370) of these women scored greater than 12, although only a minority of these women agree to be contacted (15/49). Of those who agreed to be contacted, less than half attended initial interview (7/15 attended; 3/15 ineligible; 5/15 declined). Upon interview, all women except for one, were eligible and consenting (6/7). Three women were randomized to CBT and three to RCC. Only one woman randomized to CBT chose to commence treatment, and only one woman randomized to RCC was offered treatment for her low mood by her lead maternity provider. Conclusions: While the vast majority of pregnant women were willing to complete a depression screening questionnaire, most did not agree to additional contact or assessment, and either were not offered treatment or did not accept treatment. This was not an effective recruitment strategy for a randomized controlled psychotherapy trial.

scholarly journals Co-supplementation of healthy women with fish oil and evening primrose oil increases plasma docosahexaenoic acid, γ-linolenic acid and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid levels without reducing arachidonic acid concentrations

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Geppert ◽  
Hans Demmelmair ◽  
Gerard Hornstra ◽  
Berthold Koletzko
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Evening Primrose Oil ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish oil supplementation during pregnancy not only improves maternal and neonatal DHA status, but often reduces γ-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-GLA (DGLA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) levels also, which may compromise foetal and infant development. The present study investigated the effects of a fish oil/evening primrose oil (FSO/EPO) blend (456 mg DHA/d and 353 mg GLA/d) compared to a placebo (mixture of habitual dietary fatty acids) on the plasma fatty acid (FA) composition in two groups of twenty non-pregnant women using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel design. FA were quantified in plasma total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and TAG at weeks 0, 4, 6 and 8. After 8 weeks of intervention, percentage changes from baseline values of plasma total lipid FA were significantly different between FSO/EPO and placebo for GLA (+49·9 % v. +2·1 %, means), DGLA (+13·8 % v. +0·7 %) and DHA (+59·6 % v. +5·5 %), while there was no significant difference for ARA ( − 2·2 % v. − 5·9 %). FA changes were largely comparable between plasma lipid fractions. In both groups three subjects reported mild adverse effects. As compared with placebo, FSO/EPO supplementation did not result in any physiologically relevant changes of safety parameters (blood cell count, liver enzymes). In women of childbearing age the tested FSO/EPO blend was well tolerated and appears safe. It increases plasma GLA, DGLA, and DHA levels without impairing ARA status. These data provide a basis for testing this FSO/EPO blend in pregnant women for its effects on maternal and neonatal FA status and infant development.

Cost and benefit in the choice of ECT schedule

1998 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baruch Shapira ◽  
Nurith Tubi ◽  
Heinz Drexler ◽  
David Lidsky ◽  
Avraham Calev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Weekly Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rate Of Response

BackgroundWe compared the anti-depressant and cognitive effects of up to eight sessions of bilateral, brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) administered twice (ECT x 2) or three times weekly (ECT x 3), to confirm that ECT x 3 acts more rapidly although the two schedules are equivalent in antidepressant outcome, and to establish whether ECT x 3 is indeed associated with more severe memory impairment.MethodPatients with major depression, endogenous subtype were randomly assigned to ECT x 3 or ECT x 2 plus one simulated ECT per week, both up to a maximum of eight real ECT. Depression was evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Scale the day after each treatment and cognitive function by a test battery administered before and after the ECT series and at one month follow-up.ResultsAssessed categorically or parametrically, there was no significant difference in antidepressant outcome between the two schedules. Rate of response was significantly more rapid with ECT x 3 but was associated with more severe memory impairment.ConclusionsTwice weekly administration is an optimum schedule for bilateral ECT unless clinical indications require the more rapid antidepressant effect of three times weekly treatment.

The Kent Infant Development Scale: Concurrent and Predictive Validity of a Modified Administration

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Morrow-Tlucak ◽  
Claire B. Ernhart ◽  
Cherie L. Liddle
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Bayley Scales

A modified administration of the Kent Infant Development Scale for infants 6 to 8 mo. old was used in a prospective study of risk factors in infant development. The Mental Development Index and Psychomotor Development Index of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development were also administered at 6 mo., the Mental Index only at 1 and 2 yr. and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale at age 3. The modified administration is described. Concurrent validity with the 6-mo. Bayley scales was substantial. Adequate predictive validity for 1- and 2-yr. Bayley scores and 3-yr. Stanford-Binet IQ was achieved with the Kent as compared to the predictive ability of the 6-mo. Bayley index.

Pharmacist-led telehealth disease management program for patients with diabetes and depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa B Cohen ◽  
Tracey H Taveira ◽  
Wen-Chih Wu ◽  
Paul A Pirraglia
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Disease Management Program ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine whether a pharmacist-led telehealth disease management program is superior to usual care of nurse-led telehealth in improving diabetes medication adherence, haemoglobin A1C (A1C), and depression scores in patients with concomitant diabetes and depression. Methods Patients with diabetes and depression were randomized to pharmacist-led or nurse-led telehealth. Veterans with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, an A1C ≥ 7.5%, diagnosis of depression, and access to a landline phone were invited to participate. Patients were randomized to usual care of nurse-led telehealth or pharmacist-led telehealth. Patients were shown how to use the telehealth equipment by the nurse or pharmacist. In the pharmacist-led group, the patients received an in-depth medication review in addition to the instruction on the telehealth equipment. Results After six months, the pharmacist-led telehealth arm showed significant improvements for cardiovascular medication adherence (14.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4 to 27.6), antidepressant medication adherence (26.0; 95% CI 0.9 to 51.2), and overall medication adherence combined (13.9; 95% CI 6.6 to 21.2) from baseline to six-month follow-up. There was a significant difference in A1C between each group at the six-month follow-up in the nurse-led telehealth group (6.9 ± 0.9) as compared to the pharmacist-led telehealth group (8.8 ± 2.0). There was no significance in the change in patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) from baseline to follow-up in both groups. Discussion Pharmacist-led telehealth was efficacious in improving medication adherence for cardiovascular, antidepressants, and overall medications over a six-month period as compared to nurse-led telehealth. There was no significant improvement in overall depression scores.

scholarly journals Bronchopulmonary dysplasia as a predictor factor for motor alteration at 6 months corrected age in premature infants

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Silveira Martins ◽  
Rosane Reis de Mello ◽  
Kátia Silveira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
Confounding Variables

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as a predisposing factor for alteration in the psychomotor development index (PDI) in premature infants and verify the incidence of neuromotor alterations at 6 months corrected age. METHOD: This was a prospective cohort study that followed the neuromotor development of 152 very low birth weight premature infants, with psychomotor development index as the outcome. The study used the Bayley Scale of Infant Development at 6 months corrected age, and neurological examination. RESULTS: Incidence of BPD was 13.2% (n=20). Logistic regression analysis showed an association between BPD and altered psychomotor development index (OR 3.98; 95%CI: 1.04-15.1) after adjusting for confounding variables. Neurological examination was altered in 67.1% of the 152 infants. CONCLUSION: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia acted as an independent predisposing factor for alteration in the psychomotor development index in premature infants at 6 months corrected age.

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