scholarly journals Dual sensory impairment in special schools in South-Eastern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada E Aghaji ◽  
Richard Bowman ◽  
Vincent C Ofoegbu ◽  
Andrew Smith
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Deafness ◽  
Schools For The Deaf ◽  
Dual Sensory Impairment

In a cross-sectional study to determine the magnitude of dual sensory impairment (DSI-combined hearing and vision loss) in children in single-disability special education schools, children in schools for the blind and schools for the deaf in four states in South-East Nigeria were examined by an ophthalmologist and otorhinolaryngologist to determine the level of their disability and to identify other disabilities if any. Participants were all students with childhood blindness or childhood deafness. The magnitude and causes of DSI and the burden of undetected DSI were the main outcome measures. A total of 273 students were examined. About 7% of these students had DSI out of which over 60% (12/19) was previously undetected. There was more DSI in the blind schools than in the deaf schools (p=0.003). There is a large burden of undetected DSI in children in special schools in Nigeria. There is a need to create awareness of this problem and advocate appropriate screening, rehabilitative and educational strategies for children who have it.

scholarly journals The impact of covid-19 on ophthalmic practice in Bangladesh– A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir ◽  
Muhammad Moniruzzaman ◽  
Siddiqur Rahman ◽  
Khairun Nasa ◽  
Tanvir Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Protection Equipment ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Hand Wash ◽  
The Impact

To assess the interference of patient care due to COVID 19 related restrictions and to formulate the future guidelines.This cross-sectional online survey-based study was carried out among the ophthalmologist of Bangladesh in the early lock down period (01 April to 30 April) 2020. Total 93 ophthalmologists responded to the study. Most of the ophthalmologist were seeing the patients with red eye (40.9%), ocular trauma (40.9%), acute infections and inflammations (35.5%), and vision loss (31.2%). 80.6% responder informed that they wear Mask, gloves, and head cap during patient evaluation. 51.6% used Personal protection equipment. 55.9% used a breath shield with the slit lamp settings. 60.4% maintained hand wash, and disinfectant facilities for the patients. 85.7% ophthalmologist had ensured for wearing the mask to all patients before entering the examination and consultancy room. 86% ophthalmologist of our study had performed their surgeries for ophthalmic emergency.Wearing mask is an important tool to prevent transmission of COVID-19 for both patients and ophthalmologists in working place. Maintaining normal ophthalmic practice and surgery are challenging during COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Which determinants should be considered to reduce social inequalities in paediatric dental care access? A cross-sectional study in France

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255360
Author(s):  
Thomas Marquillier ◽  
Thomas Trentesaux ◽  
Adeline Pierache ◽  
Caroline Delfosse ◽  
Pierre Lombrail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Caries

Better access to dental care through systemic and educational strategies is needed to lessen the burden of disease due to severe early caries. Our study aims to describe family characteristics associated with severe early caries: parental knowledge, attitudes, practices in oral health and socio-demographic factors. For this cross-sectional study, 102 parents of children aged under 6 years with severe early caries and attending paediatric dentistry service in France completed a questionnaire during face-to-face interviews. Caries were diagnosed clinically by calibrated investigators, using the American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria, and dental status was recorded using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index. The majority of children were from underprivileged backgrounds and had poor oral health status, with a median dmft index of 10. Parents highlighted the difficulty of finding suitable dental care in private practices. Parents appeared to have good oral health knowledge and engaged in adapted behaviours but showed a low sense of self-efficacy. They perceived the severity of early caries as important but the susceptibility of their child as moderate. The study affirmed the importance of improving the accessibility of paediatric dental care and developing educational strategies to enhance the knowledge, skills, and oral health practices of families.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the use and reuse of face masks among Brazilian individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira-Ávila ◽  
Simon Ching Lam ◽  
Fernanda Garcia Bezerra Góes ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
Natalia Maria Vieira Pereira-Caldeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
General Information ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Surgical Masks

Objective to identify the factors associated with the use and reuse of masks among Brazilian individuals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method cross-sectional study conducted in the five Brazilian regions, among adult individuals, via an electronic form disseminated in social media, addressing general information and the use of masks. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with the use and reuse of masks. Results 3,981 (100%) individuals participated in the study. In total, 95.5% (CI 95%: 94.8-96.1) reported using masks. Fabric masks were more frequently reported (72.7%; CI 95%: 71.3-74.1), followed by surgical masks (27.8%; CI 95%: 26.5-29.2). The percentage of reuse was 71.1% (CI 95%: 69.7-72.5). Most (55.8%; CI 95%: 51.7-60.0) of those exclusively wearing surgical masks reported its reuse. Being a woman and having had contact with individuals presenting respiratory symptoms increased the likelihood of wearing masks (p≤0.001). Additionally, being a woman decreased the likelihood of reusing surgical masks (p≤0.001). Conclusion virtually all the participants reported the use of masks, most frequently fabric masks. The findings draw attention to a risky practice, that of reusing surgical and paper masks. Therefore, guidelines, public policies, and educational strategies are needed to promote the correct use of masks to control and prevent COVID-19.

scholarly journals Refractive and Ocular Indices in Kindergarten Israeli Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bahir ◽  
Rhody David Raj ◽  
Itay Ben-Zion
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Size ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Right

Abstract Purpose To report normative data on paediatric refractive and ocular indices in kindergarten Israeli children. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study of 101,417 Israeli children from 4–5 years old, obtained from 2013–2018. Data was collected using the PlusoptiX S12. We studied the number of referrals made for hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and anisometropia. Results Mean sphere value was 0.83D ± 0.73 for the right eye and 0.85D ± 0.73 for the left eye. Mean SE was 0.56D ± 0.66 for the right eye and 0.59D ± 0.67 for the left eye. Mean cylinder value was − 0.53D ± 0.48 for the right eye and was the same, -0.53D ± 0.47, for the left eye. Mean axis values for the right and left eyes were 80.85°±55.57 and 80.42°±56.60 respectively. Mean pupil size was 5.83mm ± 0.87 for the right eye, and 5.82mm ± 0.88 for the left eye. 13.26% had anisocoria ≥ 0.4mm; of these, 0.66% had anisocoria > 1.0mm. There was no difference in pupil size between sexes or different cities. Mean IPD was 49.58mm ± 3.50, and mean gaze vector value was 2.64 ± 1.66. According to the Vision Screening Guidelines, 0.8% of children had hyperopia and 0.17% had myopia. 6.22% of children had astigmatism and 10.85% had anisometropia. Conclusion Amblyopia is the most common cause of unilateral vision loss in childhood. The earlier the diagnosis, the better the outcome, hence the importance of investigating the causative indices leading to amblyopia in kindergarten. After searching the literature, this is the largest study population for this topic to our knowledge.

scholarly journals Vision Loss and Psychological Distress among Ethiopians Adults: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e78335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aemero Abateneh ◽  
Markos Tesfaye ◽  
Sisay Bekele ◽  
Yeshigeta Gelaw
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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