Influence of different types of real-time feedback on hand washing quality assessed with neural networks/simulated neural networks

Background: Thousands of people die every day around the world from infections acquired in a hospital. Hands are the main pathways of germ transmission during healthcare. Hand hygiene monitoring can be performed using various methods. One of the latest techniques that can combine all is a neural network-based hand hygiene monitoring system. Methods/Design: Each participant performed 3 hand-washing trials, each time receiving different type of feedback. The order in which each participant of the study used the developed applications was strictly defined, thus each hand-washing study session started with performing hand washing using application A, B and C accordingly. All captured videos of hand-wash episodes were saved and later analysed with neural networks. In the end, both evaluation results were compared and evaluated. Results show that when the participants use Application Type A, they perform hand washing much faster, as well as in comparison of Application Type A versus application type C. However, the longest time spent for the hand washing was detected while using the application type B. Conclusion: Study shows that structured guidance provided during the real time hand washing could be associated with better overall performance. The Application C has confirmed its effectiveness. Proving its advantage among other applications, the Application C can be integrated into the clinical environment

Prevention of nasal septoplasty surgical site infections by povidine-iod disinfection: proposal for a pragmatic randomized controlled study (Preprint)

UNSTRUCTURED Surgical site infections (SSIs) from nasal bacteria are an increasingly feared complication in general surgery, in implantation surgery and in intensive care units with consequences for the patient and society not only in the short, but also in the long run. The increasing hazard of antibiotic resistances may accelerate this problem. In rhinosurgery, SSIs as a complication consist of either local wound infections, septal perforation, pneumonia or life-threatening sepsis. Standard of care for rhinosurgery is surgical hand wash, sterile drapes, gloves and antiseptic disinfection of the skin around the mid-face. Surgeons perform septoplasties in a clean contaminated field and the disinfection of the surgical field in the nasal vestibule and nasal cavity at nasal surgery is not common practice. The infection rates for septorhinoplasty spread along the range of 1 to 27 % according to the literature. It is therefore unknown, whether endonasal disinfection at nasal surgery will prevent the rate of postoperative SSIs. For the proposed pragmatic randomized controlled trial (pRCT), we chose the following primary goal: The preventive effect of aqueous povidine-iod (PVP-I) disinfection on septoplasty related SSIs. As secondary goals serve (a) to determine the safety of endonasal disinfection using PVP-I, (b) to identify the risk of endonasal PVP-I toxicity on olfactory epithelium, (c) to characterize the endonasal microbiota dependent on endonasal PVP-I disinfection in the short- and the long-term and d) to identify the endonasal microbiota in septoplasty related SSI and in septoplasty related uneventful follow-up.

Literature Review : Gambaran Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The spread of COVID-19 is rampant. Every individual is at risk of being infected and transmitted. Hygiene Behavior and Healthy Lifestyle are recommended to prevent COVID-19 infection. This study aims to describe hygiene behavior and a healthy lifestyle (washing hands, physical activity, consumption of fruits and vegetables, wearing mask, social distance) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a literature review research. The subjects of this study were people aged over 16 years. The method used is to search for articles ranging from 2019-2021, through a database in the form of PubMed using the keywords "Health behavior" AND "Coronavirus Disease 2019" AND "public" and Google Scholar using the keywords "Clean and Healthy Living Behavior in the Community during the Covid pandemic. -19” then assessed using a hawker. Five articles were indentified. The findings highlight the hand washing behaviour during the Covid-19 pandemic: 5,329 (82.5%) always hand wash with soap and water, 38 (35.3%) often apply six steps wash their hands, 59 (83.1%) always hand wash with soap and water after leaving the house, 54 (76.1%) always hand wash with soap and water before eating, 35 (49.3%) always hand wash with soap and water after holding money, and 142 (39.6%) wash their hands before touching food. The physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: 41 (38%) rarely, 199 (55.1%) 150 minutes/week, and 3,960 (73.8%) less than three times in a week. Fruits & vegetables consumption during the COVID-19 pandmic: 3,309 (49.7%) sometimes, 96 (50.26%) sometimes, and 289 (80.0%) consume fruits & vegetables. The use of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic: 102 (57%) always, and 188 (98.4%) using masks . Meanwhile, social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic is 37 (8.6%) never, 6 (1.3%) sometimes, 34 (8.0%) and always 355 (82.1%). People have hygiene behavior and a healthy lifestyle to minimize the transmission of COVID-19.Keywords :COVID-19, Community, PHBS. AbstrakPenyebaranCovid-19semakin tidak terkendali, setiap individu resiko tertular dan menularkan. Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di anjurkan pemerintah sebagai pencegahan Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran PHBS (Cuci tangan, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi buah dan sayur, memakai masker, menjaga jarak)masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan pennelitian literature review. Subjek penelitian ini masyarakat yang berumur diatas 16 tahun. Metode yang digunakan yaitu mencari artikel rentang tahun 2019-2021, melalui database berupa PubMed menggunakan kata kunci “Health behavior” AND “Coronavirus Disease 2019” AND “public” dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci “Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19” lalu di nilai menggunakan hawker. Hasil penelitian literature review dari 5 artikel menunjukkan bahwa cuci tangan masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 : 5.329 (82,5%) selalu CTPS, 38 (35,3%) sering cuci tangan 6 langkah, 59 (83,1%) selalu CTPS setelah keluar rumah, 54 (76,1%) selalu CTPS sebelum makan, 35 (49,3%) selalu CTPS setelah memegang uang, dan 142 (39,6%) cuci tangan sebelum menyentuh makanan.Aktivitas fisik masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 : 41 (38%) jarang, 199 (55,1%) 150menit/minggu, dan 3.960 (73,8%) <3X seminggu.Konsumsi buah & sayur masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 :3.309 (49,7%) kadang-kadang, 96 (50,26%) kadang-kadang, dan 289 (80,0%) mengkonsumsi buah & sayur. Penggunaan masker masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 : 102 (57%) selalu, dan 188 (98,4%) menggunakan masker. Sedangkan jaga jarak masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19 yaitu 37 (8,6%) tidak pernah, 6 (1,3%) kadang-kadang, 34 (8,0%) dan selalu 355 (82,1%). PHBS sudah dilakukan masyarakat untuk meminimalisir penularan Covid-19.Kata Kunci :Covid-19, Masyarakat, PHBS.

Assessing Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Hand Hygiene among Health Care Workers in Eradah Complex in Jeddah

Background: Most of the persons thought that nosocomial infection is spread from the hands of health care workers. The main aim of hand washing is to be aware for all to know that this is a myth that nosocomial infection is spread from hand. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Eradah Complex in Jeddah. The Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS) has accredited Eradah Complex for Mental Health- Jeddah, as a training center for addiction medicine fellowship program. An observation is done by providing a Google form to the health care workers of the Eradah complex in Jeddah. This is to observe the views of the health care workers on the issue of practices of hand hygiene. Results: There were a total of 178 study participants (111 male and 67 participants). Age groups demonstrate that 34.27% of participants belong to the age group of 36 to 45 years. 32.02% of the participants belong to the age group of 26 to 35 years of age group. Moreover, the graph has shown that 14.04% of participants belong to the age group of 18 to 25 years. It has been seen that the number of female workers bearing the position of Nurse is less than those of males. It is important to have more respondents being nurses as the nurses usually communicate directly with the patients. There is a doctor too, but they are less interaction directly with the patient. Therefore, overall graph shows that only 6.18% participants prefer other professions whereas among other percentages, 7.30% participants are pharmacists, 25.28% people are nurses, and 18.54% participants are doctors. Conclusion: The present study has discussed that maintenance of hand hygiene in the hospitals and clinics are of sheer importance. The research methodology that is incorporated in the present study has been helpful for the researchers in understanding the perception of the healthcare workers what they think about the aspect of washing hands primarily after the pandemic. Therefore, it has been seen that most of the participative healthcare workers primarily males do not find the aspect hand hygiene much important and so they rarely use soap for hand wash. On the contrary, the female workers understand the importance of hand wash more and thus, they support the thought of hand hygiene at the workplace.

COVID-19: The Pandemic Situation in the Context of India

The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic due to the global health crisis it has created in the world and greatest challenges that it has introduced in this 21ST century. COVID-19 is the the 5th pandemic which was first reported in Wuhan, China and gradually spread into the other parts of the world. This virus is a spillover of an animal virus and then also adapted the ability of transferring human to human. The virus is highly contagious due to rapid spread and constantly evolves in the human population. COVID-19 pandemic is a lot more than just a health emergency, but it is also socio-economic because people are losing jobs and income. The COVID-19 disease affects physical and mental health due to isolation. Moreover, more and more countries are affecting the cases of COVID-19 which are rising very rapidly day by day. Therefore, every country needs to several actions which accelerates their safety health, balance between the protection of health, prevent economic and social disruption due to this pandemic. In the spirit of the solidarity, we all need to be contributing our self to protect this situation. However, every country is equally responsible for determining the measures to prevent or decrease the viral transmission. Government authorizes also trying to act for reduce disease’s trajectory and they focus on develop the vaccination and therapeutic drugs. Aim: To find causes, symptoms, awareness, Prevention, and treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion: The world is going by the critical situation and that is COVID-19 pandemic which is originated due to corona virus. Shortness of breath, fever and dry cough are most common symptoms of the novel corona virus. COVID-19 is highly contagious, so we must keep safe distance from other people and wear a mast hand wash our hands frequently. As it were together can we overcome the interwoven wellbeing and social and financial impacts of the widespread and anticipate its acceleration into an extended compassionate and nourishment security catastrophe, with the potential misfortune of as of now accomplished advancement picks up.

INOVASI PEMBUATAN HAND SANITIZER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT BAGI KOMUNITAS DI BONDOWOSO

Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors as known as PHBS are all health behaviors that are carried out with awareness, so that family members or families can help themselves in the health sector and play an active role in health activities in the community. One of the activities that can be carried out to achieve PHBS is washing hands using soap (hand rub / hand wash) or cleaning fluid (hand sanitizer). About 98% of the spread of microorganisms in the body comes from our own hands. Maintaining hand hygiene is an effort to avoid various diseases. The benefits of washing hands are very large, washing hands using soap / hand rub or using a hand sanitizer only takes 20 seconds but is very useful for killing microorganisms, namely bacteria, fungi, and viruses. One way to combat the new corona virus or COVID-19, which has become a pandemic at this time, is to always maintain hand hygiene. With the pandemic, the price of hand sanitizers has skyrocketed because the need has increased sharply. When used too often, alcohol as the main ingredient of hand sanitizers, besides being able to irritate the skin, it can also lift natural oils on the hands and tend to be drier, so herbal ingredients are needed as natural ingredients to reduce the side effects of these hand sanitizers. This community service activity was carried out in collaboration with communities in the Bondowoso district, namely the KAPAS Community in Sumbergading Village, Sumberwringin District and the TSS Community in Sukosari Lor Village, Sukosari District. In the Bondowoso area, there are many youth communities with various activities aimed at advancing people's lives and improving the socio-economy in the region. Various plants can be found in the area, including aloe vera and betel leaf.Keywords : Health, hand wash, hand sanitizer, aloe vera, betel leafAbstrakPerilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) merupakan semua perilaku kesehatan yang dilakukan atas kesadaran, sehingga anggota keluarga atau keluarga dapat menolong dirinya sendiri di bidang kesehatan dan berperan aktif dalam kegiatan kesehatan di masyarakat. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan guna tercapainya PHBS adalah mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun (hand rub/hand wash) atau cairan pembersih (hand sanitaizer). Sekitar 98% penyebaran mikroorganisme di tubuh bersumber dari tangan kita sendiri. Menjaga kebersihan tangan salah satu upaya terhindar dari berbagai penyakit. Manfaat mencuci tangan sangat besar, mencuci tangan memakai sabun/hand rub atau menggunakan hand sanitizer hanya membutuhkan waktu 20 detik namun sangat berguna untuk membunuh mikroorganisme, yaitu bakteri, jamur dan virus. Salah satu cara untuk memerangi virus korona baru atau COVID-19 yang telah menjadi pandemi saat ini adalah dengan selalu menjaga kebersihan tangan. Masa pandemi ini mengakibatkan harga hand sanitizer melambung tinggi karena kebutuhan meningkat tajam. Alkohol sebagai bahan utama dari hand sanitizer bila terlalu sering digunakan, selain dapat membuat kulit iritasi juga dapat mengangkat minyak alami pada tangan dan cenderung jadi lebih kering, sehingga diperlukan bahan herbal sebagai bahan alami untuk mengurangi efek samping dari hand sanitizer tersebut. Pada kegiatan pengmas ini dilakukan kerjasama dengan komunitas di wilayah kabupaten Bondowoso yaitu Komunitas KAPAS di Desa Sumbergading Kecamatan Sumberwringin dan komunitas TSS Desa Sukosari Lor Kecamatan Sukosari. Di wilayah Bondowoso banyak didapatkan komunitas anak muda dengan beragam kegiatan yang bertujuan memajukan kehidupan masyarakat dan meningkatkan sosial ekonomi di wilayah tersebut. Beragam tanaman dapat dijumpai di wilayah tersebut, diantaranya aloe vera dan sirih.Kata kunci: Kesehatan, cuci tangan, hand sanitizer, aloe vera, daun sirih

Edukasi Pencegahan Diare melalui Perilaku Hand Wash pada Anak Sekolah Dasar SD 9/IV Kota Jambi

The incidence of diarrhea is often experienced by children. Based on Riskesdas data, during 2018 there were 12.3% cases of diarrhea in Indonesia. Jambi province cases of incidence in children are about 8.6% based on health profile data in 2017 the coverage of handling diarrhea in children reaches 43.79% which exceeds the target for handling diarrhea, which is 10%. Diarrhea in school-age children can be caused by an unsanitary environment, snacking habits at school and rarely washing hands. Based on observations at SD 9/IV Jambi City, there were food vendors in front of the school, beside the SD there were trash bins and were large enough that they looked unclean where this could create a bad smell for the elementary school children and there were many food vendors in front of the school. Elementary school makes children often buy these foods. Therefore, the service team is interested in conducting counseling with the title of diarrhea prevention with hand washing behavior at SD 9/IV Jambi City. The service was carried out in June 2020. The service was carried out in the form of counseling. Based on the results of the service, children of primary school age experienced an increase in knowledge about diarrhea prevention and experienced an increase in hand washing. The results of this service are expected that the children of SD 9/IV Jambi City are able to prepare to wash their hands before eating or snacking while at school and even at home.

Household’s perception on COVID-19 vaccination in India

An attempt was made to assess the households’ perception on Covid-19 and vaccination. By using multistage sampling technique, 400 samples were collected during June 15 to July 15 2021. Further, descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. Households are well-aware of Covid-19 symptoms and their preventive measures i.e., quarantine period, social distancing, hand-wash and vaccination. Results also highlight that social hierarchies and rumours about vaccine are responsible for low vaccination in the sample villages. A grass-root awareness programme is prerequisite for complete vaccination and to avoid third-wave of Covid-19 in India.

Hand Soap Activity Against the Number oOf Bacterial Colonies from the Housewife's Hand Swab Samples in a Temporary Landfill in Kelurahan Gadang Banjarmasin

Unhygienic waste handling in a temporary landfill, can make the surrounding environment a source of transmission of pathogenic bacteria and colonization of bacterial growth in the hands. The study aims to identify the type of bacteria on the hands and test the activity of hand wash soap in lowering the number of colonies of hand bacteria. The identification of bacteria against 30 hand swab samples derived from the hands of housewives in temporary landfill (TPS) in Kelurahan Gadang Banjarmasin, was carried out in conventional media. Test the activity of hand wash soap in lowering the number of colonies of hand bacteria using 2 different brands. Bacterial identification is carried out by descriptive method and experimental testing of hand wash soa p activity use pretest-posttest design with control group design. The data was analyzed using shapiro wilk test and wilcoxon test with 95% confidence level. Identification of hand swab bacterial isolates obtained Staphylococcus aureus (66.6%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (10%) and Escherichia coli (23.33%). Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the two brands of hand wash soap tested (sig. 0.000 >0.05). The conclusion of the type of gram-positive bacteria more widely found in the hands of housewives; Type B hand soap has a higher effectiveness in reducing the number of bacterial colonies on the hands than A-brand. Keywords: hand wash soap, housewife hand swab, number of colonies of hand bacteria.