scholarly journals 120 Time to First Passage of Meconium in 316 Irish-Born Term Infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisling Byrne ◽  
D Cinelli ◽  
G Avalos ◽  
C Chan ◽  
H Cotgreave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Born Term ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Term Infants

scholarly journals Micronutrient Supplementation During Pregnancy, Birth Weight and Neonatal Mortality in Uganda: A Causal Mediation Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 912-912
Author(s):  
Paddy Ssentongo ◽  
Djibril Ba ◽  
Claudio Fronterre ◽  
Jessica Ericson ◽  
Alison Gernand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Born Term ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Causal Mediation ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis

Abstract Objectives Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant risk factor for death in the first 30 days of life. Maternal iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy increases the risk of LBW. We aimed to explore whether antenatal IFA supplementation reduces neonatal mortality in Uganda and to examine if the association of IFA supplementation with neonatal death is mediated through LBW. Methods We used a retrospective birth cohort from the 2016 population-based Uganda demographic and health survey. We examined information on neonatal survival, sociodemographic and intake of IFA supplementation of 9203 women and 17,202 live-born, term infants ≤ 5 y before the survey. Birth weight was categorized as very low (VLBW, defined as < 1500 g or very small baby as perceived by the mother), low (LBW, birth weight of < 2500 g or baby smaller than average as perceived by the mother), and normal (NBW, ≥ 2500 g or an average and larger baby as perceived by the mother). Causal mediation analysis (CMA) treating the birth weight as a mediator was conducted to measure the direct and indirect effects of IFA on neonatal mortality (death of a live-born infant during the first 30 d of life). Results IFA supplementation was reported in 89% of women. The prevalence of LBW and VLBW was 21% and 7% respectively. 474 (3%) babies died within the 30 d after birth, 320 (66%) died within the first 24 h and 469 (99%) died within the first week of life (early neonatal mortality). IFA supplementation during pregnancy was independently associated with a 56% reduction in neonatal mortality [(hazard ratio (HR): 0.44; 95% CI 0.31, 0.61); P < 0.0001] and 26% reduction in VLBW (Relative risk (RR): 0.74; 95% CI 0.60, 0.92, P = 0.007). There was a linear dose-response relationship between the category of birth weight and increased neonatal mortality (LBW versus NBW: RR: 1.39 95% CI: 1.05–1.81, P = 0.02, VLBW versus NBW: RR; 3.6: 95% CI: 2.83–4.53, P < 0.0001). CMA showed that 6% of the effect of IFA supplement on reducing neonatal mortality was meditated through reducing the risk of VLBW but not through LBW, and 94% of the causal effect was direct. Conclusions The use of antenatal iron/folic acid supplements during pregnancy is an important intervention to reduce neonatal mortality. These findings indicate that the association is weakly mediated through improved birth weight, and other mediators should be identified in future studies. Funding Sources NIH.

Comparison of heart rate and oxygen saturation measurements from Masimo and Nellcor pulse oximeters in newly born term infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 955-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Dawson ◽  
A Saraswat ◽  
L Simionato ◽  
M Thio ◽  
COF Kamlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Born Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Pulse Oximeters

scholarly journals Use of Magnesium Sulphate in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-372
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Sheuly Begum ◽  
Manzoor Hussain ◽  
Dr Abdul Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Born Term ◽  
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Study Population

Background: One of the common causes of respiratory distress in neonate is persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) and has been estimated to occur in 2 per 1000 live born term infants. Objective: To evaluate the effect of injectable Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) in the treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn. Methodology: It was a prospective, nonrandomized, clinical study conducted from August 2015 to July 2017 among 25 neonates having moderate to severe PPHN in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital. Injectable Magnesium Sulphate was used along with other supportive management. Outcome measures include drop of pulmonary vascular resistance and increase oxygenation. Side effects of Magnesium Sulphate were observed and outcome was recorded. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 17. Results: There was significant improvement of oxygenation and decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance at 72 hours after use of MgSO4 (p=000). Complications were present in 28% cases which include hypotension in 16% patients, urinary retention in 8% and altered GI function in 8% cases. Mortality was 16% among study population. Conclusion: MgSO4 is effective in improving oxygenation and reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance in PPHN Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10 (2) Jan 2019: 370-372

Normal range for blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries of newly born term infants

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Fenton ◽  
D.B. Shortland ◽  
E. Papathoma ◽  
D.H. Evans ◽  
M.I. Levene
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Born Term ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Term Infants

scholarly journals Duration of Meconium Passage in Term and Preterm Infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Mumtahina Setu ◽  
Md Abid Hossain Mollah ◽  
Syed Khairul Amin ◽  
S M Nahid Morshed ◽  
Mehdi Pervez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Passage ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Delayed first passage of meconium and also prolongation of meconium passage creates great anxiety among parents. Some study showed that that first passage of meconium is delayed in preterm infants compared to term infants. The difference in duration of meconium passage in term and preterm infant has however never been assessed before. This cross sectional study was carried between July 2010 to December 2010 among 100 Newborn babies ranging from 28 to 42 weeks of gestation who were delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology or admitted in the Department of Neonatology of Dhaka Medical college Hospital were included in the study. Gestational age was determined from first day of last menstruation (when available) and also by using Expanded Ballard Scoring System. In case of any discrepancy of more than 2 weeks, the later was accepted. This study was carrying out to determine the time of first passage of meconium and duration of passage of meconium in term and preterm infants. Out of total 100 infants, 58 were male and 42 were female. The numbers of babies were 21, 28, 25 and 26 in group I, II, III and IV respectively. The mean age at which the babies passed first meconium were 23.5±3.5, 33.0±3.8, 25.7±4.2 and 17.3±4.6 hours in group I, II, III and IV respectively, which was<48 hours irrespective of gestational age. The mean gestational age of the babies who passed meconium for <4 days was 37.1±2.2 weeks. On the contrary, mean gestational age of the babies who passed meconium for>4 days was 32.6±4.3 weeks and this observation was statistically significant (p<0.001). First passage of meconium in all newborn was within 48 hours irrespective of gestational age. Duration of passage of meconium was significantly prolonged among babies with lower gestational age. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v4i1.13677 AKMMC J 2013; 4(1): 6-9

Neural activation in mothers of preterm and full-term infants: Preliminary findings from a 3T fMRI study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Montirosso ◽  
S. Moriconi ◽  
B. Riccardi ◽  
G. Reni ◽  
F. Arrigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Term ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Fmri Study

The Platelet of the Newborn Infant – Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism and Release

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 099-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Whaun ◽  
P Lievaart ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism

SummaryBlood from normal full term infants, mothers and normal adults was collected in citrate. Citrated platelet-rich plasma was prelabelled with 3H-adenine and reacted with release inducers, collagen and adrenaline. Adenine nucleotide metabolism, total adenine nucleotide levels and changes in sizes of these pools were determined in platelets from these three groups of subjects.At rest, the platelet of the newborn infant, compared to that of the mother and normal adult, possessed similar amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 4.6 ± 0.2 (SD), 5.0 ± 1.1, 4.9 ± 0.6 µmoles ATP/1011 platelets respectively, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), 2.4 ± 0.7, 2.8 ± 0.6, 3.0 ± 0.3 umoles ADP/1011 platelets respectively. However the marked elevation of specific radioactivity of ADP and ATP in these resting platelets indicated the platelet of the neonate has decreased adenine nucleotide stores.In addition to these decreased stores of adenine nucleotides, infant platelets showed significantly impaired release of ADP and ATP on exposure to collagen. The release of ADP in infants, mothers, and other adults was 0.9 ± 0.5 (SD), 1.5 ± 0.5, 1.5 ± 0.1 umoles/1011 platelets respectively; that of ATP was 0.6 ± 0.3, 1.0 ± 0.1,1.3 ± 0.2 µmoles/1011 platelets respectively. With collagen-induced release, platelets of newborn infants compared to those of other subjects showed only slight increased specific radioactivities of adenine nucleotides over basal levels. The content of metabolic hypoxanthine, a breakdown product of adenine nucleotides, increased in both platelets and plasma in all subjects studied.In contrast, with adrenaline as release inducer, the platelets of the newborn infant showed no adenine nucleotide release, no change in total ATP and level of radioactive hypoxanthine, and minimal change in total ADP. The reason for this decreased adrenaline reactivity of infant platelets compared to reactivity of adult platelets is unknown.Infant platelets may have different membranes, with resulting differences in regulation of cellular processes, or alternatively, may be refractory to catecholamines because of elevated levels of circulating catecholamines in the newborn period.

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