Tongue: the unusual site in malignant pleural mesothelioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e241166
Author(s):  
Iskandar Zulqarnain bin Mohamed ◽  
Matthew Idle ◽  
Timothy Bates ◽  
Sundus Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Metastatic Spread ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Tunica Vaginalis ◽  
Unusual Site ◽  
Contralateral Lung ◽  
Rare Site

Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are malignancies of the mesothelium, with primary deposits originating in the pleura, peritoneum, pericardium and the tunica vaginalis (ie, testicular). Metastatic spread is commonly reported to affect the liver, adrenal glands, kidney and contralateral lung (in cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma). Metastases to distant sites are uncommon. Spread to the oral cavity in particular is very rare. A total of 23 cases of metastatic spread to the oral cavity have been reported in the literature to date; of those, 9 cases have been to the tongue. Given the rarity of the site of metastasis, the management remains challenging. This case highlights a rare site of metastasis in MM, discusses treatment options available and briefly talks about technical limitations in treating a mobile structure such as the tongue. Good palliative and supportive care is crucial in managing cases where no curative treatment is possible.

scholarly journals Hitting the Bull’s-Eye: Mesothelin’s Role as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3932
Author(s):  
Dannel Yeo ◽  
Laura Castelletti ◽  
Nico van Zandwijk ◽  
John E. J. Rasko
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Aggressive Cancer ◽  
Immunotherapy Target ◽  
Bull's Eye

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. MPM originates from the mesothelial lining of the pleura. Mesothelin (MSLN) is a glycoprotein expressed at low levels in normal tissues and at high levels in MPM. Many other solid cancers overexpress MSLN, and this is associated with worse survival rates. However, this association has not been found in MPM, and the exact biological role of MSLN in MPM requires further exploration. Here, we discuss the current research on the diagnostic and prognostic value of MSLN in MPM patients. Furthermore, MSLN has become an attractive immunotherapy target in MPM, where better treatment strategies are urgently needed. Several MSLN-targeted monoclonal antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates, immunotoxins, cancer vaccines, and cellular therapies have been tested in the clinical setting. The biological rationale underpinning MSLN-targeted immunotherapies and their potential to improve MPM patient outcomes are reviewed.

scholarly journals Biomarker-guided targeted and immunotherapies in malignant pleural mesothelioma

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175883592097142
Author(s):  
Haitang Yang ◽  
Duo Xu ◽  
Ralph A. Schmid ◽  
Ren-Wang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Homozygous Deletion ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Precision Oncology ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
High Degree

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a lethal thoracic malignancy whose incidence is still increasing worldwide. MPM is characterized by frequent inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs), e.g., the homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/2B and various genetic alterations that inactivate BAP1, NF2, LATS1/2, and TP53. The leading cause for the poor prognosis of patients with MPM is the lack of effective treatment options, with conventional chemotherapy being the standard of care in the clinic, which has remained unchanged for almost 20 years. Precision oncology, a burgeoning effort to provide precise cancer treatment tailored to unique molecular changes in individual patients, has made tremendous progress in the last decade in several cancers, but not in MPM. Recent studies indicate a high degree of tumor heterogeneity in MPM and the importance to optimize histological and molecular classifications for improved treatment. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of recent advances in MPM by focusing on new stratifications of tumor subgroups, specific vulnerabilities associated with functional loss of TSGs and other biomarkers, and potential clinical implications. The molecularly based subdivisions not only deepen our understanding of MPM pathobiology, but more importantly, they may raise unprecedented new hopes for personalized treatment of MPM patients with biomarker-guided targeted and immunotherapies.

scholarly journals Malignant pleural mesothelioma: an update on investigation, diagnosis and treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (142) ◽  
pp. 472-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Bibby ◽  
Selina Tsim ◽  
Nikolaos Kanellakis ◽  
Hannah Ball ◽  
Denis C. Talbot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Pleural Surface ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Trimodality Treatment

Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive malignancy of the pleural surface, predominantly caused by prior asbestos exposure. There is a global epidemic of malignant pleural mesothelioma underway, and incidence rates are predicted to peak in the next few years.This article summarises the epidemiology and pathogenesis of malignant pleural mesothelioma, before describing some key factors in the patient experience and outlining common symptoms. Diagnostic approaches are reviewed, including imaging techniques and the role of various biomarkers. Treatment options are summarised, including the importance of palliative care and methods of controlling pleural effusions. The evidence for chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery is reviewed, both in the palliative setting and in the context of trimodality treatment. An algorithm for managing malignant pleural effusion in malignant pleural mesothelioma patients is presented. Finally new treatment developments and novel therapeutic approaches are summarised.

scholarly journals Oncological Frontiers in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2290
Author(s):  
Emanuele Vita ◽  
Alessio Stefani ◽  
Mariantonietta Di Di Salvatore ◽  
Marco Chiappetta ◽  
Filippo Lococo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Genomic Sequencing ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Targeted Drugs ◽  
Treatment Algorithms ◽  
Rare Malignancy ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Way

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy characterized by very poor prognosis and lack of treatment options. Immunotherapy has rapidly emerged as an effective tool for MPM, particularly for tumors of non-epithelioid histology. At the same time, comprehensive genomic sequencing may open the way to new-generation targeted-drugs able to hit specific MPM molecular vulnerabilities. These innovations will possibly enrich, but also dramatically complicate, the elucidation of treatment algorithms. Multidisciplinary integration is urgently needed.

A phase II study of amrubicin as palliative chemotherapy for previously treated malignant pleural mesothelioma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kageaki Watanabe ◽  
Yusuke Okuma ◽  
Shoko Kawai ◽  
Makoto Nagamata ◽  
Yukio Hosomi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Number Of Treatment

Abstract Background Treatment options for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) are limited. Anthracyclines are considered key drugs for treating MPM. However, their use is limited by severe cardiac toxicities. Amrubicin (AMR) is a next-generation anthracycline that is commonly used to treat lung cancer. We conducted a phase II trial of this drug in patients with previously treated MPM.Methods Eligible patients with MPM having adequate organ function and a performance status of 0–2 were enrolled after disease progression following pemetrexed/platinum therapy. Patients received 35 mg/m2 AMR on days 1–3 every 3 weeks until tumor progression or the appearance of unacceptable toxicities. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Median progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), number of treatment cycles, and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated as secondary endpoints.Results This trial was discontinued because of low accrual. From September 2013 to July 2018, five patients with MPM were enrolled. Stable disease (SD) was observed in three patients (60%), and progressive disease was noted in two patients (40%). The median PFS was 2.4 (range, 1.2–11.2) months, and the median OS was 9.1 (range, 6.2–22.0) months. The median number of treatment cycles was three (range, 2–11). Grade 1/2 toxicities were observed in all patients. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in four patients (80%), but there were no cases of febrile neutropenia.Conclusion Despite the absence of the responders, the observation of SD in three patients suggests that AMR could have potential for treating MPM.Trial registration number and date of registrationUMIN000010739, May 16, 2013, retrospectively registered

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Genomic Landscape, Surgery, and Treatment Options

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
K. Boltz ◽  
G. V. Scagliotti ◽  
W. Weder ◽  
U. Ricardi ◽  
P. Baas
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Genomic Landscape

scholarly journals LOCAL DELIVERY OF TARGETED NANOPARTICLES AS THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO OBLITERANS BRONCHIOLITIS AND MALIGNANT PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Meloni ◽  
Emanuela Cova ◽  
Davide Piloni ◽  
Simona Inghilleri ◽  
Giulia Maria Stella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Small Airways

Our work has the objective to develop and provide a new therapeutic approach to rare respiratory disease with poor prognosis. These diseases are united by the fact of being rare diseases, defined orphan, with a very poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Furthermore, they share the possibility to apply a local treatment with the advantage of decreased unwanted biodistribution and systemic toxicity. Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a disease characterized by fibrotic obliteration of the small airways that occurs in response to inflammatory and immunological insults. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignant tumor that originates from the pleura, strongly associated with environmental exposure to asbestos. Our approach consists in the creation of nanocarriers (gold nanoparticles, GNPs), which can be loaded with specific anti-proliferative drugs, specifically targeted to the cells responsible of the two pathological processes (fibroblastoid-like mesenchymal cells in BO, malignant mesothelioma cells in MPM) and suitable for administration by local street (inhaled or intrapleural). First, we isolated, cultured and phenotyped primary cells from patients from BO and MPM. Once you have identified some targets (CD44 for the BO and CD146 for MPM) we designed a nanotool loaded with the specific drugs (everolimus or pemetrexed) and decorated with monoclonal antibody on the surface. We performed experiments in vitro on primary cultures of pathological cells and we demonstrated that these nanoparticles were able to penetrate specifically in target cells expressing the specific receptor and not in other types of normal cells tested, except for the alveolar macrophage which presented the tendency to absorb the nanoparticles, also the not functionalized ones. The anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory action of these nanoparticles was tested in vitro. We have also conducted experiments in animals to prove the lack of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary toxicity following administration of nanoparticles by inhalation.

scholarly journals Pleuropericardial mesotheliomas: A report of two unusual cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 025-029
Author(s):  
Harsha Vardhana Kuruba Ramanjaneyulu ◽  
Anu Kapoor ◽  
Chinmayee Biswal ◽  
Phani Chakravrty Mutnuru
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Colonic Carcinoma ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Tunica Vaginalis ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Tunica Vaginalis Testis ◽  
Pericardial Mesothelioma

AbstractMesothelioma is an aggressive malignant tumor of the mesothelium. The majority of mesotheliomas arise from the pleura. However, less commonly mesothelioma can arise in other locations such as peritoneal, pericardium, or tunica vaginalis testis. We report two rare cases here, one with pericardial mesothelioma and another with malignant pleural mesothelioma with synchronous colonic carcinoma. The clinical, radiological, and pathology findings in these cases are discussed along with a brief review of pertinent literature.

scholarly journals Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Treatment Options and Novel Therapies

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah T. Martin ◽  
Brittany A. Zwischenberger ◽  
Thomas Fabian
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Novel Therapies
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