Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related mental disorders in elite athletes: a narrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Miller Aron ◽  
Sydney Harvey ◽  
Brian Hainline ◽  
Mary E Hitchcock ◽  
Claudia L Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

This narrative review examines post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related disorders—mental health conditions with complex diagnosis and treatment considerations—in elite athletes. Athletes may exhibit greater rates of PTSD (up to 13%–25% in some athlete populations) and other trauma-related disorders relative to the general population. We describe common inciting events leading to symptoms of PTSD in elite athletes, including trauma incurred in sports participation through direct physical injury, secondary/witnessed traumatic events, or abusive dynamics within sports teams. Symptoms of PTSD may significantly impact athletes’ psychosocial and sport-related function through avoidance, hypervigilance and dissociative behaviours, which, in turn, may delay recovery from musculoskeletal injury.While PTSD may be common among elite athletes, recognition by providers who do not routinely screen for trauma-related disorders may be challenging because of the tendency of athletes to mask symptoms of PTSD and other trauma-related disorders. Early identification of athletes suffering from trauma-related symptoms, including those of acute stress disorder, may prevent progression to PTSD, while treatment of athletes already meeting criteria for PTSD may improve life functioning and sports performance outcomes. Current evidence supports increasing awareness of PTSD in athletes and use of screening tools to identify athletes who may benefit from trauma-informed medical or psychotherapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals TENTS guidelines: development of post-disaster psychosocial care guidelines through a Delphi process

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan I. Bisson ◽  
Behrooz Tavakoly ◽  
Anke B. Witteveen ◽  
Dean Ajdukovic ◽  
Louis Jehel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Delphi Process ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Guidelines Development ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Disaster

BackgroundHow best to plan and provide psychosocial care following disasters remains keenly debated.AimsTo develop evidence-informed post-disaster psychosocial management guidelines.MethodA three-round web-based Delphi process was conducted. One hundred and six experts rated the importance of statements generated from existing evidence using a one to nine scale. Participants reassessed their original scores in the light of others' responses in the subsequent rounds.ResultsA total of 80 (72%) of 111 statements achieved consensus for inclusion. The statement ‘all responses should provide access to pharmacological assessment and management’ did not achieve consensus. The final guidelines recommend that every area has a multi-agency psychosocial care planning group, that responses provide general support, access to social, physical and psychological support and that specific mental health interventions are only provided if indicated by a comprehensive assessment. Trauma-focused cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended for acute stress disorder or acute post-traumatic stress disorder, with other treatments with an evidence base for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder being made available if trauma-focused CBT is not tolerated.ConclusionsThe Delphi process allowed a consensus to be achieved in an area where there are limitations to the current evidence.

Is Absorption a Diathesis for Dissociation in Sexually and Physically Abused Patients?

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Kunzendorf ◽  
Deborah M. Hulihan ◽  
William Simpson ◽  
Natasha Pritykina ◽  
Karen Williams
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dissociative Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Physically Abused ◽  
Post Traumatic

In a sample of 251 psychiatric outpatients, either a dissociative disorder or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was present in 47 percent of the sixty-four patients with abuse histories and above-median Absorption scores. In contrast, a dissociative disorder or PTSD was present in only 21 percent of the fifty-six patients with abuse histories and below-median Absorption scores, in only 5 percent of the fifty-six patients with no abuse and above-median Absorption, and in only 1 percent of the seventy-five patients with no abuse and below-median Absorption. The current evidence, in conjunction with past evidence for 50 percent heritability of Absorption, raises the possibility that Absorption is a diathesis for dissociative responses to traumatic stress.

Post-traumatic stress disorder: update on diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Joshua C. Morganstein ◽  
Gary H. Wynn ◽  
James C. West
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Current State ◽  
Post Traumatic

SUMMARY Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common trauma and stressor-related disorder. Trauma-focused psychotherapies and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors represent current state of the art treatment for PTSD, with current evidence favouring psychotherapy as first-line treatment. Much room remains for development of more effective therapeutics. This article give a brief update on diagnosis and treatment of PTSD.

scholarly journals On the economics of post-traumatic stress disorder among first responders in Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Wilson ◽  
Harminder Guliani ◽  
Georgi Boichev
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
Post Traumatic

There is an increasing awareness of the tragic consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among first responders in Canada. There is also an increasing awareness of the lack of understanding about the economic and social costs of PTSD in Canada. This article aims to briefly review the current evidence on the prevalence rates of PTSD, the economic costs associated with PTSD, and the costs and efficacy of various treatment strategies, to provide a framework for future research on the economic analysis of PTSD. Estimates suggest that as many as 2.5 million adult Canadians and 70,000 Canadian first responders have suffered from PTSD in their lifetimes. While we could not find any evidence on the economic cost of PTSD specifically, a recent estimate suggests that mental illness in the Canadian labour force results in productivity losses of $21 billion each year. Research from Australia suggests that expanded mental health care may improve the benefits of treatment over traditional care, and more cost-effectively. Given the methodological challenges in the existing studies and the paucity of evidence on Canada, more Canadian studies on prevalence, on the economic and social costs of PTSD, and on the costs and effectiveness of various treatment options are encouraged.

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