scholarly journals Making sense of child, early and forced marriage among Syrian refugee girls: a mixed methods study in Lebanon

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Andrea Bartels ◽  
Saja Michael ◽  
Sophie Roupetz ◽  
Stephanie Garbern ◽  
Lama Kilzar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Shared Stories ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

IntroductionThe Syrian conflict has resulted in over 2.3 million child refugees in the Middle East and the prevalence of early marriage has reportedly increased among displaced Syrian families. This study explores the underlying factors contributing to child marriage among Syrian refugees in Lebanon with the goal of informing community-based strategies to address the issue.MethodsIn July–August 2016, trained interviewers collected self-interpreted stories in Lebanon using Cognitive Edge’s SenseMaker, a mixed-method data collection tool. Participants included married and unmarried Syrian girls, Syrian parents as well as married and unmarried men. Each participant shared a story about the experiences of Syrian girls and then interpreted the story by plotting their perspectives on a variety of questions. Patterns in the responses were analysed in SPSS and the accompanying qualitative narratives were reviewed to facilitate interpretation of the quantitative results.Results1422 self-interpreted stories from 1346 unique participants were collected with 40% of shared stories focused on (n=332) or mentioning (n=245) child marriage. Quantitative data summarised the different perspectives of female and male participants. Syrian girls and mothers were more likely to share stories about protection/security and/or education and were more likely to report that girls were overprotected. Male participants were more likely to share stories about financial security as well as sexual exploitation of girls and more often reported that girls were not protected enough. Despite these gendered perspectives, many of the shared narratives highlighted similar themes of financial hardship, lack of educational opportunities and safety concerns around sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV).ConclusionsA complex myriad of factors contribute to early marriage including poverty, lack of educational opportunities and concerns about SGBV. Sexual exploitation under the guise of marriage is a reality for some Syrian girls. Gender-specific strategies to address child marriage might be more effective in reducing this harmful practice.

scholarly journals Child Marriage Acceptability Index (CMAI): South and Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muliani Ratnaningsih ◽  
Heribertus Rinto Wibowo ◽  
Nicholas J Goodwin ◽  
Ade Ayu Kartika Sari Rezki ◽  
Ridwan R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Marriage ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract ObjectivesThis study aims to assess child marriage acceptability in the two locations in Indonesia by gender inequality, financial security, education rates, legal frameworks, dowry, sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV).MethodsThis study used a quantitative approach with a cross sectional study design. A total of 1,000 respondents consisting of 500 households in Bone District, South Sulawesi and 500 households in Palu, Sigi, Donggala District in Central Sulawesi participated in the study. Data analyses were conducted based on the Acceptability Child Marriage Index (ACMI) by using the bivariate correlation, ANOVA (analysis of variance) and logistic regression.ResultsThis study found several significant factors contributed to child marriage acceptance in Central and South Sulawesi: household financial security (p=0.016), dowry (p=0.000) and legal frameworks (p=0.017) based on ANOVA analysis. After conducting bivariate correlation, dowry (p=0.000) and sexual and gender-based violence (p=0.000) remain significant factors. Dowry (p=0.000, with expected B=0.122), and sexual and gender-based violence (p=0.001, with expected B=0.064) remains significant after the linear regression analysis.ConclusionsDowry practice and sexual and gender-based violence were the most significant factors contributing to the child marriage acceptance in Central and South Sulawesi. There is a need to conduct interventions to prevent child marriage including providing sexual and reproductive health education.

Prosecuting the Nexus between Terrorism, Conflict-related Sexual Violence and Trafficking in Human Beings before National Legal Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-516
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie de Brouwer ◽  
Eefje de Volder ◽  
Christophe Paulussen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Abstract United Nations (UN) Security Council Resolution 2331 (2016) recognizes that ‘acts of sexual and gender-based violence, including when associated to trafficking in persons, are known to be part of the strategic objectives and ideology of certain terrorist groups, used as a tactic of terrorism and an instrument to increase their finances and their power through recruitment and the destruction of communities’. In the same resolution, the Council noted that such trafficking, particularly of women and girls, ‘remains a critical component of the financial flows to certain terrorist groups’ and is ‘used by these groups as a driver for recruitment’. Boko Haram and Al-Shabaab are among the main terrorist groups that have used human trafficking (including for sexual exploitation) and conflict-related sexual violence as tactics of terrorism, or ‘sexual terrorism’. This article will: (i) explain the nexus between these three crimes; (ii) focus on its different manifestations in the context of these terrorist organizations; and (iii) reflect on the possibilities for national criminal prosecution. To assist in the fight against impunity and increase accountability, this article provides suggestions to facilitate the successful prosecution of sexual terrorism in a more survivor-centric way.

scholarly journals Continuum of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence risks among Syrian Refugee Women and Girls in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Roupetz ◽  
Garbern Stephanie ◽  
Michael Saja ◽  
Bergquist Harveen ◽  
Glaesmer Heide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
First Person ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: A myriad of factors including socio-economic hardships impact refugees, with females being additionally exposed to various forms of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). For instance, sexual exploitation and forced prostitution can become negative coping mechanisms through which some women and girls raise funds to cover their families’ living expenses. The aim of this qualitative analysis was to understand and to provide new insight into the experiences of SGBV among Syrian refugee women and girls in Lebanon. Methods: The data are gained from a larger mixed-methods study, investigating the experiences of Syrian refugee girls in Lebanon, using an iPad and the data collection tool, SenseMaker®. The SenseMaker survey intentionally did not ask direct questions about experiences of SGBV but instead enabled stories about SGBV to become apparent from a wide range of subjects of the daily lives of Syrian girls. For this analysis, all first-person stories by female respondents were screened and those about experiences of SGBV were included in a thematic analysis. To present men’s perceptions on these experiences, a random selection of stories about Syrian girls in Lebanon from male respondents was analyzed. Results: In total, 70 of the 327 first person stories from female respondents and 42 of the 159 male stories, included dialogue on SGBV. While experiences of sexual harassment were mainly reported by women and girls, male respondents were much more likely to talk explicitly about sexual exploitation. Due to different forms of SGBV risks in public, unmarried girls were at high risk of child marriage, whereas married girls more often experienced some form of IPV and/or DV. In abusive relationships, some girls and women continued to face violence as they sought divorces and attempted to flee unhealthy situations. Conclusions: Our findings shed light on the importance of recognizing the impact of SGBV on the family as a whole in addition to each of the individual members and to consider the cycle of SGBV not only across the woman’s lifespan but also across generations. The identified gendered differences in how SGBV was discussed may have implications for the design of future research focused on SGBV.

scholarly journals Safety and Security of Sexual-reproductive Health and Gender-based Violence among Rohingya Refugee Women in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Rabeya Yousuf ◽  
Md Mushtahid Salam ◽  
Shaima Akter ◽  
Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
British Rule ◽  
The People ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Rohingya refugee women and girls are from a vulnerable society taking shelter in Bangladesh for humanitarian assistance following the serious human rights violations in Myanmar. They are facing a number of challenges such as insecurity, violence, very limited freedom of movement or ability to speak up and influence decisions in their communities. They are most vulnerable to exploitation due to inadequate basic living facilities in the camp causing them to be physically or sexually abused, forced prostitution and human trafficking. Gender-based violence, abandonment by their husbands in the camps, early marriage, teenage pregnancies including lack of safer pregnancy and childbirth are all important issues and challenges faced by them. Access to basic amenities and educational opportunities with special attention about sexual and reproductive health including issues such as gender equality, relationships and conflict management and adequate community health care can help the Rohingya women to overcome the situation. Actually, the word “Rohingya” derived from the people who exist in from the British rule of the medieval period in the current “Rakhine” state, formerly known as “Roshang” later turned into “Rohang” due to colloquial usage. Although officially Myanmar is not using the term “Rohingya” as this might potentially endorse their indigenous origin, an international involvement is obligatory to find a solution for sustainable return of Rohingya refugees to Myanmar.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 163-170

Unexpected Grey Areas, Innuendo and Webs of Complicity: Experiences of Researching Sexual Exploitation in UN Peacekeeping Missions

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-256
Author(s):  
Henri Myrttinen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

This chapter discusses the problems of conducting research on sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) and sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in conflict-affected situations in relation to peacekeeping operations (PKOs). It focuses on some of the murkiness and dilemmas, gaps, methodological issues, and ethical challenges that Henri Myrttinen encountered in conducting research on SEA/SGBV. It also points out methodological challenges of conducting research on SEA/SGBV issues, particularly on dealing with unverifiable data and the risks of collusion with interlocutors. The chapter draws on Myrttinen's comparative study on the gendered impacts of peacekeeping in Cambodia and Timor-Leste. It also examines some of the grey areas related to the theoretically black-and-white issue of SEA in PKOs.

Intersectional Pandemics in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Nasrin Siddiqa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Early Motherhood ◽  
The World ◽  
Gender Based

Girls and women are the first victims of any calamity, pandemic, or disaster in developing countries like Bangladesh. As it is, they are very often denied health care, are forced to endure child marriage and early motherhood, and are frequently subjected to violence. Given this unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic they are now suffering immensely. COVID-19 threatens girls’ rights in countries around the world and will have far-reaching impacts on their health and wellbeing, education, and protection. Self-isolation has increased the rates of gender-based violence. Early marriage and pregnancy are among the drastic effects of school closures and many parents have married off their underage daughters or sold them off to rich families as domestic workers to reduce their economic burden.

Photos from the Quarter

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Keyword(s):  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Israeli Occupation

This sample of photos from 16 August–15 November 2019 aims to convey a sense of Palestinian life during this quarter. The images capture Palestinians across the diaspora as they fight to exercise their rights: to run for office, to vote, and to protest both Israeli occupation and gender-based violence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document