Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in national surveys from England, the USA and Canada, and correlation with stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Aims Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease, accounting for almost 50% of ischaemic heart disease mortality. This study aims to identify the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and their predictors in older adults with an intellectual disability (ID). Methods and results This cross-sectional study utilized data from the ID Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA). Participants were drawn from the nationally representative sample and included those who completed the self/informant report measures, in addition to objective blood pressure (BP) measurement. From the 551 individuals with ID, aged ≥40 years, hypertension prevalence was 35.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 31.2–39.2%]. Of those with hypertension, 44.3% (95% CI 37.1–51.5%) were aware of their hypertensive status, and 64.2% (95% CI 57.3–71.1) were taking antihypertensive medication. Among those on treatment, 70.8% (95% CI 61.8–78.2%) had their BP controlled to below 140/90 mmHg. Significant predictors of awareness were age (P = 0.036) and level of ID (P = 0.004), predictors of treatment were age (P = 0.002), level of ID (P = 0.019), and diabetes (P = 0.001). Both diabetes and female gender were predictors of control of hypertension (P = 0.013 and P = 0.037, respectively). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in older adults with ID was lower than reports for the general Irish population, with overall levels of treatment and control, when identified, higher in the ID population. There was under-treatment and lower levels of awareness among those with more severe ID, which requires addressing. The finding, that when diagnosed, people with ID respond well to treatment should encourage addressing the under-treatment found here.

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Mask-wearing and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA: a cross-sectional study

The Lancet Digital Health ◽

10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30293-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. e148-e157 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Benjamin Rader ◽

Laura F White ◽

Michael R Burns ◽

Jack Chen ◽

Joseph Brilliant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Usa ◽

And Control

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Hypertension prevalence, associated factors, treatment, and control in rural Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-31780/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Larissa Pone Simo ◽

Valirie Ndip Agbor ◽

Jean Jacques Noubiap ◽

Orlin Pagnol Nana ◽

Pride Swiri-Muya Nkosu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Rural Community ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertension Prevalence ◽

History Of ◽

Family History Of Hypertension ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing a surge in the burden of hypertension, and rural communities seem to be increasingly affected by the epidemic. Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension, its associated factors, as well as its awareness, treatment, and control rates in rural communities of the Baham Health District (BHD), Cameroon.Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.Setting: Participants from five health areas in the BHD were recruited from August to October 2018.Participants: Consenting participants aged 18 years or older were included. Results: We included 526 participants in this study. The median age of the participants was 53.0 (IQR = 35 – 65) years and 67.1% were female. The prevalence of hypertension was 40.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36.7 – 45.1) were hypertensive with no gender disparity. The overall age-standardised prevalence of hypertension was 23.9% (95% CI = 20.3 – 27.5). Five-year increase in age (adjusted odd’s ratio [AOR] = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.23 – 1.44), family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.37 – 3.60), and obesity were associated with higher odds of hypertension (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.40 – 4.69).The rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 37.2% (95% CI = 31.0 – 43.9), 20.9% (95% CI = 16.0 – 26.9), and 22.2% (95% CI = 15.2 – 46.5), respectively.Conclusion: The high hypertension prevalence in this rural community is associated with contrastingly low awareness, treatment, and control rates. Age, family history of hypertension, and obesity are the major drivers of hypertension in this community. Veracious policies are needed to improve awareness, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and control of hypertension in this rural community.

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