scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors of first-line antiretroviral treatment failure among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e019181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malede Mequanent Sisay ◽  
Tadesse Awoke Ayele ◽  
Yalemzewod Assefa Gelaw ◽  
Adino Tesfahun Tsegaye ◽  
Kassahun Alemu Gelaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

scholarly journals Immunologic and Clinical Failure of Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus within Two Years of Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom ◽  
Mahlet Maru ◽  
Beletu Berihun ◽  
Kidu Gidey ◽  
Yirga Legesse Niriayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

Background. Early initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreases human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) related complications, restores patients’ immunity, decreases viral load, and substantially improves quality of life. However, antiretroviral treatment failure considerably impedes the merits of HAART. Objective. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of immunologic and clinical antiretroviral treatment failure. Methods. A cross-sectional study design using clinical and immunologic treatment failure definition was used to conduct the study. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features of patients were retrieved from patients’ medical registry between the years 2009 and 2015. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria in the study period were studied. Predictors of treatment failure were identified using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analysis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21 software, and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p value < 0.05. Results. A total of 770 were studied. The prevalence of treatment failure was 4.5%. The AZT-based regimen (AHR=16.95, 95% CI: 3.02-95.1, p=0.001), baseline CD4 count≥301 (AHR=0.199, 95% CI: 0.05-0.76, p=0.018), and bedridden during HAART initiation (AHR=0.131, 95% CI: 0.029-0.596, p=0.009) were the predictors of treatment failure. Conclusion. The prevalence of treatment failure was lower with the risk being higher among patients on the AZT-based regimen. On the other hand, the risk of treatment failure was lower among patients who started HAART at baseline CD4 count≥301 and patients who were bedridden during HAART initiation. We recommend further prospective, multicenter cohort studies to be conducted to precisely detect the prevalence of treatment failure using viral load determination in the whole country.

scholarly journals Estimation of lifetime survival and predictors of mortality among TB with HIV co-infected children after test and treat strategies launched in Northwest, Ethiopia, 2021; a multicentre historical follow-up study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0258964
Author(s):  
Ermias Sisay Chanie ◽  
Getnet Asmare Gelaye ◽  
Tesfaye Yimer Tadesse ◽  
Dejen Getaneh feleke ◽  
Wubet Taklual Admas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Introduction In resource-limited settings, the mortality rate among tuberculosis and human Immunodeficiency virus co-infected children is higher. However, there is no adequate evidence in Ethiopia in general and in the study area in particular. Hence, this study aims to estimate lifetime survival and predictors of mortality among TB with HIV co-infected children after test and treat strategies launched in Northwest Ethiopia Hospitals, 2021. Methods Institution-based historical follow-up study was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia Hospitals among 227 Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co-infected children from March 1, 2014, to January 12, 2021. The data were entered into Epi info-7 and then exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. The log-rank test was used to estimate the curve difference of the predictor variables. Bivariable cox-proportional hazard models were employed for each predictor variable. Additionally, those variables having a p-value < 0.25 in bivariate analysis were fitted into a multivariable cox-proportional hazards model. P-value < 0.05 was used to declare significance associated with the dependent variable. Results From a total of 227 TB and HIV co-infected children, 39 died during the follow-up period. The overall mortality rate was 3.7 (95% CI (confidence interval): 2.9–4.7) per 100 person-years with a total of 1063.2-year observations. Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) non-users [Adjusted Hazarded Ratio (AHR) = 3.8 (95% CI: 1.64–8.86)], presence of treatment failure [AHR = 3.0 (95% CI: 1.14–78.17)], and Cluster of differentiation 4(CD4) count below threshold [AHR = 2.7 (95% CI: 1.21–6.45)] were significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion In this study, the mortality rate among TB and HIV co-infected children was found to be very high. The risk of mortality among TB and HIV co-infected children was associated with treatment failure, CD4 count below the threshold, and cotrimoxazole preventive therapy non-users. Further research should conduct to assess and improve the quality of ART service in Northwest Ethiopia Hospitals.

scholarly journals Baseline predictors of antiretroviral treatment failure and lost to follow up in a multicenter countrywide HIV-1 cohort study in Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0200505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigus Fikrie Telele ◽  
Amare Worku Kalu ◽  
Gaetano Marrone ◽  
Solomon Gebre-Selassie ◽  
Daniel Fekade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

scholarly journals Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Generic Dolutegravir-containing Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens Among South Indian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy ◽  
Sandeep Prabhu ◽  
Ezhilarasi Chandrasekaran ◽  
Selvamuthu Poongulali ◽  
Amrose Pradeep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
First Line ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Low Resource Setting ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

AbstractIn this first study of generic dolutegravir (DTG)-containing regimens in a low-resource setting, we assessed safety, tolerability, and efficacy within a prospective cohort of 564 patients with at least 6 months of clinical follow-up. We provide support for a large-scale transition to DTG as part of first-line regimens.

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