scholarly journals Timing of household food insecurity exposures and asthma in a cohort of US school-aged children

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e021683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren D Mangini ◽  
Mark D Hayward ◽  
Yeyi Zhu ◽  
Yongquan Dong ◽  
Michele R Forman
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Dual Frame ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Household Food

ObjectiveFood insecurity is positively associated with asthma, the most common chronic childhood disease, yet directionality is unclear. The objective was to determine the association between exposure to food insecurity in early childhood and the odds of asthma later in childhood.DesignData from four waves of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten (ECLS-K) cohort, a prospective, dual-frame, multistage probability cluster sampling study of school-aged US children were entered in multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for covariates. Exposures to food insecurity were based on parental responses to the validated USDA 18-item module at each wave.SettingPublic and private primary and secondary schools between 1998 and 2007.ParticipantsAt its inception (1999), the ECLS-K had 20 578 kindergarteners; by the spring of eighth grade (2007), the cohort dropped to 9725 due to attrition. Children missing an exposure, outcome or confounding variable were excluded, final n=6731.Primary outcome measureChild’s diagnosis of asthma by a healthcare professional as reported by the parent.ResultsHousehold food insecurity (vs food security) in the year before kindergarten and in second grade had a higher odds of asthma by 18% (95% CI 1.17 to 1.20) and 55% (95% CI 1.51 to 1.55). After removing asthmatics before third grade from the model, food insecurity in second grade was associated with higher odds of asthma at fifth or eighth grades (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.53 to 1.58), whereas food insecurity in the year before kindergarten had a lower odds at fifth or eighth grades.ConclusionsFood insecurity in the year before kindergarten and in second grade were associated with a higher odds of asthma in third grade. Food insecurity in second grade retained the signal for increased odds of asthma after third and through eighth grades. Additional research is needed to explore childhood windows of vulnerability to asthma.

scholarly journals Household food insecurity and early childhood development: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klébya Hellen Dantas Oliveira ◽  
Géssica Mercia Almeida ◽  
Muriel Bauermann Gubert ◽  
Amanda Souza Moura ◽  
Ana Maria Spaniol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food

scholarly journals Socio-economic, behavioural and environmental factors predicted body weights and household food insecurity scores in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Bhargava ◽  
Dean Jolliffe ◽  
Larry L. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Early Childhood Longitudinal Study ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Usa

Recent increases in obesity prevalence among children in developed countries are of policy concern. While significant positive associations between households' food insecurity status and body weights have been reported for adults, it is known from the energy physiology literature that energy requirements depend on BMR, anthropometric measures and physical activity. It is therefore important to model the bi-directional relationships between body weights and households' food insecurity scores especially for children that have evolving nutrient and energy requirements. The present paper estimated dynamic random effects models for children's body weights and BMI, and households' food insecurity scores using longitudinal data on 7635 children in the USA enrolled in 1st, 3rd and 5th grades (1999–2003) of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten. The main findings were, first, physical exercise and numbers of siblings were significantly (P < 0·05) negatively associated with body weights, while households' food insecurity score was not a significant predictor. Moreover, children's body weights were significantly lower in households with higher parental education and incomes; time spent watching television and in non-parental care were positively associated with weights. Second, models for households' food insecurity scores showed that poverty and respondents' poor emotional and physical health significantly increased food insecurity. Moreover, households with children who were taller and heavier for their ages faced significantly higher food insecurity levels. Overall, the results showed that household food insecurity was unlikely to exacerbate child obesity in the USA and it is important that children receive balanced school meals and perform higher physical activity.

scholarly journals Household Food Insecurity, Underweight Status, and Associated Characteristics among Women of Reproductive Age Group in Assayita District, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemal Abdu ◽  
Molla Kahssay ◽  
Merhawi Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Afar Region ◽  
Very High

Background. Poor nutritional status of women has been a serious problem in Ethiopia. Rural women are more likely to be undernourished than urban women. Afar region is the most likely to be undernourished (43.5%). Despite the humanitarian and food aid, food insecurity and maternal underweight are very high in the region. Household food insecurity is not adequately studied in Afar region. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of household food insecurity and underweight status and its association among reproductive age women. Method. The study was conducted in Assayita district in June 2015. Community-based cross-sectional study design was used among nonpregnant women. Household data was collected using structured questionnaire. Multistage cluster sampling procedure was applied. Two pastoral and two agropastoral Kebeles have been selected by simple random sampling. Systematic random sampling was used to select respondents. The total sample size was 549 households. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and anthropometric data were used to determine food insecurity and underweight, respectively. Multivariate regression models were used to measure associations. Results. Prevalence of HFIAS was 70.4 with a mean of 7.0 (3.6 ± SD); 26.1%, 30.20%, and 14.1% were mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity, respectively. Underweight prevalence (BMI < 18.5) was 41.1% with prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe underweight being 34.5%, 3.9%, and 2.7%, respectively. Age, parity, and having >2 children below five years of age were statistically associated with household food insecurity and maternal underweight. Conclusion. Household food insecurity and maternal underweight were very high. Age, parity, and having ≥2 children below five years of age were associated with household food insecurity. Maternal underweight was associated with maternal age, marital status, parity, number of children below 5 years, household food insecurity, and vocation of the respondents.

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