scholarly journals Experiential knowledge of risk and support factors for physician performance in Canada: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e023511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Allison Kain ◽  
Kathryn Hodwitz ◽  
Wendy Yen ◽  
Nigel Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Experiential Knowledge ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physician Performance ◽  
Individual Physician ◽  
Management Procedures

ObjectiveTo identify, understand and explain potential risk and protective factors that may influence individual and physician group performance, by accessing the experiential knowledge of physician-assessors at three medical regulatory authorities (MRAs) in Canada.DesignQualitative analysis of physician-assessors’ interview transcripts. Telephone or in-person interviews were audio-recorded on consent, and transcribed verbatim. Interview questions related to four topics: Definition/discussion of what makes a ‘high-quality physician;’ factors for individual physician performance; factors for group physician performance; and recommendations on how to support high-quality medical practice. A grounded-theory approach was used to analyse the data.SettingThree provinces (Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario) in Canada.ParticipantsTwenty-three (11 female, 12 male) physician-assessors from three MRAs in Canada (the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta, the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Manitoba and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario).ResultsParticipants outlined various protective factors for individual physician performance, including: being engaged in continuous quality improvement; having a support network of colleagues; working in a defined scope of practice; maintaining engagement in medicine; receiving regular feedback; and maintaining work-life balance. Individual risk factors included being money-oriented; having a high-volume practice; and practising in isolation. Group protective factors incorporated having regular communication among the group; effective collaboration; a shared philosophy of care; a diversity of physician perspectives; and appropriate practice management procedures. Group risk factors included: a lack of or ineffective communication/collaboration among the group; a group that doesn’t empower change; or having one disruptive or ‘risky’ physician in the group.ConclusionsThis is the first qualitative inquiry to explore the experiential knowledge of physician-assessors related to physician performance. By understanding the risk and support factors for both individual physicians and groups, MRAs will be better-equipped to tailor physician assessments and limited resources to support competence and enhance physician performance.

Navigating the Turbulent Time: A Qualitative Inquiry into Resilience among Vietnamese ESL Teachers during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Thi Thuy Trang Pham
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Resilience Process ◽  
Protective Resources ◽  
Relational Resources

The aim of this study is to explore the dynamics of the resilience process among Vietnamese ESL (English as the Second Language) university teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Specifically, this study investigated the interactions between risk factors and protective factors at both personal and contextual levels that shape teachers' resilience patterns. Fifteen teachers from different stages of teaching career participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews in qualitative research design, and the collected data were analyzed by means of a two-cycle analysis procedure. Findings of the study revealed two major risk factors, including turbulence and ambiguity and decreasing autonomous motivation. Despite this, teachers drew on three primary resources to adapt to the abrupt changes: positive imaginaries about the future, sense of professionalism, and relational resources. Analysis showed that these protective factors were located across personal level and microsystems; however, there were missing links for protective resources at institutional level, mesosystems, and macrosystems. Taking cognizance of this, the study emphasizes the role of transparent policies and school leadership in bolstering teachers’ resilience in adversities.

scholarly journals O5A.5 Occupational driving of light vehicle for mail and parcel delivery and risk of musculoskeletal disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A42.2-A42
Author(s):  
Anca Radauceanu ◽  
Michel Grzebyk ◽  
Mathieu Dziurla ◽  
Jean-Jacques Atain-Kouadio ◽  
Stéphanie Boini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Postal Workers ◽  
Light Vehicle

BackgroundOccupational light vehicle driving is becoming increasingly important in the parcel delivery/messaging sector faced with new consumer practices. Our objective was to analyze the effect of driving of light vehicle for the mail/parcel delivery on low back pain (LBP) and upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) taking into account work organization. We also aimed to identify the protective factors from MSDs that could be implemented into this specific workplace.MethodsThe study was carried out in 406 postal workers (306 with driving delivery activity, 100 with foot delivery/manual handling activities). Subjects completed a self-administrated questionnaire about personal characteristics and working conditions assessing occupational driving, physical constraints, psychosocial factors and work organization. Work organization was also assessed at the establishment level. MSDs were assessed by the Nordic Questionnaire, with some additional questions for LBP. For UEMSDs, a medical examination using a standardized clinical methodology of the European consensus was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed separately in men and women by multivariable logistic regression modeling for the UEMSDs and by item response theory approach for LBP.ResultsDriving time and high perceived driving-related physical constraints are associated to LBP in men. Carrying loads>3 Kg, awkward postures and high perceived physical demands related to parcel loading and delivery are associated with MSDs for both sexes. The main psychosocial risk factors are the lack of reward, being mobbed and the necessity of undertaking tasks that the worker disapproves. Protective factors are the use of vehicles fitted with automatic gearbox and taking breaks from work; at establishment level, drive training and use of supplementary staff during peak periods.ConclusionThe effect of driving of light vehicle on MSDs seems quite limited whereas physical and psychosocial constraints are clearly risk factors. Targeting work organization could protect postal workers with driving delivery activity from MSDs.

A Model for Analyzing Suicide Prevention

Crisis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maila Upanne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Prevention Project ◽  
Individual Risk Factors

This study monitored the evolution of psychologists' (n = 31) conceptions of suicide prevention over the 9-year course of the National Suicide Prevention Project in Finland and assessed the feasibility of the theoretical model for analyzing suicide prevention developed in earlier studies [ Upanne, 1999a , b ]. The study was formulated as a retrospective self-assessment where participants compared their earlier descriptions of suicide prevention with their current views. The changes in conceptions were analyzed and interpreted using both the model and the explanations given by the subjects themselves. The analysis proved the model to be a useful framework for revealing the essential features of prevention. The results showed that the freely-formulated ideas on prevention were more comprehensive than those evolved in practical work. Compared to the earlier findings, the conceptions among the group had shifted toward emphasizing a curative approach and the significance of individual risk factors. In particular, greater priority was focused on the acute suicide risk phase as a preventive target. Nonetheless, the overall structure of prevention ideology remained comprehensive and multifactorial, stressing multistage influencing. Promotive aims (protective factors) also remained part of the prevention paradigm. Practical working experiences enhanced the psychologists' sense of the difficulties of suicide prevention as well as their criticism and feeling of powerlessness.

Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

scholarly journals Doctors and Nurses: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors in Workplace Violence and Burnout

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3280
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Giménez Lozano ◽  
Juan Pedro Martínez Ramón ◽  
Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Authoritarian Leadership

The present study aims analyze the risk factors that lead to high levels of burnout among nurses and physicians and the protective factors that prevent them. Thus, it is also intended to explore the possible correlation between physical and verbal violence produced at work and the symptoms derived from burnout. Methods: The search was carried out on the Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases between 2000 and 2019 (on which date the bibliographic search ends). Descriptive studies estimating the prevalence of workplace violence and risk and protective factors and burnout were included. An adapted version of the Downs and Black quality checklist was used for article selection. 89.6 percent of the studies analysed were in the health sector. There is a significant correlation between burnout symptoms and physical violence at work. On the one hand, the risk factors that moderate this correlation were of structural/organisational type (social support, quality of the working environment, authoritarian leadership, little autonomy or long working days, etc.) and personal type (age, gender, nationality or academic degree, etc.). On the other hand, protective factors were the quality of the working environment, mutual support networks or coping strategies. The results were analysed in-depth and intervention strategies were proposed.

scholarly journals Examining the Relative Influences of the Risk Factors and Protective Factors That Affect Firefighter Resilience

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402098261
Author(s):  
Yunjo Song ◽  
Jung Hee Ha ◽  
Juliet Jue
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism

The purpose of this study was to examine the relative influences of the risk factors and protective factors that affect firefighters’ resilience. Based on previous studies, we selected three risk factors and four protective factors. The former included cognitive bias, socially prescribed perfectionism, and social anxiety. The latter included deliberate rumination, self-encouragement, family relations, and peer support. A total of 330 full-time professional firefighters in Korea participated in the study, and we analyzed 271 questionnaires. We conducted multiple regression analyses and the results were as follows. The risk factors explained 43.7% of resilience and both cognitive bias and social anxiety showed significant negative influences. Meanwhile, the protective factors explained 52.6% of resilience and we found both peer support and self-encouragement to be significant. Finally, we included seven variables in our multiple regression analysis to verify their relative influences on resilience, and these variables explained 59.5% of resilience. In the final analysis, we identified cognitive bias, peer support, and self-encouragement as the relatively significant variables that affect firefighters’ resilience. We conclude this paper by outlining the relevant implications of our findings and discussing the study’s limitations.

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