scholarly journals Resilience support to enhance positive health outcomes for police officers in five Anglosphere nations: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e038895
Author(s):  
Audrey Steenbeek ◽  
Chris Giacomantonio ◽  
Arlene Brooks ◽  
Camilla Holmvall ◽  
Ziwa Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes

IntroductionLaw enforcement involves exposure to threatening situations and traumatic events that place police officers at risk for negative physical and mental health outcomes. Resilience support, among other elements of training, may help mitigate these risks, yet little is known about which aspects of resilience support help officers achieve better health and quality of life outcomes.Methods and analysisThis review will consider all literature that examines the links between resilience support, physical/mental health and quality of life outcomes for police officers in five Anglosphere nations: Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and the UK. This review will include all literature (including those that show null or negative links) involving any public policing agency that has a formal rank structure and includes a localized, uniformed emergency response function. Resilience support may include, but is not limited to: tools, policies, models, frameworks, programmes and organizational features that seek to promote positive, physical/mental health and quality of life outcomes at three levels of resilience: (1) readiness and preparedness, (2) response and adaptation, (3) recovery and adjustment. Peer reviewed and grey literature examining resilience support since 2000 that focuses on police officers are eligible for inclusion. Databases/sources to be searched will include: PsycINFO, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Public Affair Index, Campbell Collaboration, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, Business Source Complete, Scopus and Google. Retrieval of full-text, English-language studies (and other literature), data extraction, data synthesis and data mapping will be performed independently by two reviewers, following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review, and the literature search will start in November 2020 or upon acceptance of this protocol. The findings of the scoping review will be available [April 2021] and will be published in a peer reviewed journal.

Health impacts and characteristics of deprescribing interventions in older adults: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoé Tremblay ◽  
David Mumbere-Bamusemba ◽  
Danielle Laurin ◽  
Caroline Sirois ◽  
Daniela Furrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Deprescribing, a relatively recent concept, has been proposed as a promising solution to the growing issues of polypharmacy and use of medications of questionable benefit among older adults. However, little is known about the health outcomes of deprescribing interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aims to contribute to the knowledge on deprescribing by addressing two specific objectives: 1) describe the impact of deprescribing in adults’ ≥60 years on health outcomes or quality of life; and 2) determine the characteristics of effective interventions in deprescribing. METHODS Primary studies targeting three concepts (older adults, deprescribing, and health/quality of life outcomes) will be included in the review. The search will be performed using key international databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Ageline, PsycInfo) and a special effort will be made to identify grey literature. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles, extract the information and evaluate the quality of the selected studies. If methodologically feasible, meta-analyses will be performed for groups of intervention studies reporting on deprescribing interventions for similar medications, used for similar or identical indications and reporting on similar outcomes (for example benzodiazepines used against insomnia and reporting on quality of sleep or quality of life). Alternatively, results will be presented in bottom-line statements (Objectives 1) and a matrix outlining effective interventions (Objective 2). RESULTS The knowledge synthesis may be limited by the availability of high-quality, clinical trials on deprescribing and its outcomes in older adults. Additionally, analyses will likely be affected by studies on the deprescribing of different types of molecules within the same indication, e.g. different pharmacological classes and medications to treat hypertension, and different measures of health and quality of life outcomes for the same indication. CONCLUSIONS Deprescribing becomes more widespread, therefore knowledge on its effects on health are needed. CLINICALTRIAL CRD42015020866

scholarly journals Health Impacts and Characteristics of Deprescribing Interventions in Older Adults – a Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoé Tremblay ◽  
Martine Marcotte ◽  
David Mumbere-Bamusemba ◽  
Danielle Laurin ◽  
Daniela Furrer Soliz-Urrutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundDeprescribing, a relatively recent concept, has been proposed as a promising solution to the growing issues of polypharmacy and use of medications of questionable benefit among older adults. However, little is known about the health outcomes of deprescribing interventions. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge on deprescribing by adressing two specific objectives: 1) describe the impact of deprescribing in adults’ ≥60 years on health outcomes or quality of life; and 2) determine the characteristics of effective interventions in deprescribing.MethodsPrimary studies targeting three concepts (older adults, deprescribing, and health/quality of life outcomes) will be included in the review. The search will be performed using key international databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Ageline, PsycInfo) and a special effort will be made to identify grey literature. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles, extract the information and evaluate the quality of the selected studies. If methodologically feasible, meta-analyses will be performed for groups of intervention studies reporting on deprescribing interventions for similar medications, used for similar or identical indications and reporting on similar outcomes (for example benzodiazepines used against insomnia and reporting on quality of sleep or quality of life). Alternatively, results will be presented in bottom-line statements (Objectives 1) and a matrix outlining effective interventions (Objective 2).DiscussionThe knowledge synthesis may be limited by the availability of high-quality, clinical trials on deprescribing and its outcomes in older adults. Additionally, analyses will likely be affected by studies on the deprescribing of different types of molecules within the same indication, e.g. different pharmacological classes and medications to treat hypertension, and different measures of health and quality of life outcomes for the same indication.Systematic Review Registration Number: CRD42015020866

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Kathleen Sayles ◽  
Dorothea Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.

scholarly journals Factors predicting trial engagement, treatment satisfaction, and health-related quality of life during the iTreAD project: Secondary analysis of an online treatment and social networking trial for binge drinking and depression in young adults. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samineh Sanatkar ◽  
Milena Heinsch ◽  
Peter Andrew Baldwin ◽  
Mark Rubin ◽  
Frances Kay-Lambkin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Treatment Satisfaction ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes

BACKGROUND Mental health and alcohol use problems are among the most common causes of disease burden in young Australians and lead to significant lifetime burden. Yet comorbidity remains significantly underdetected and undertreated in health settings. Digital mental health tools designed to identify at-risk individuals, encourage help-seeking or deliver treatment for comorbidity, have the potential to address this existing service gap. However, despite a strong body of evidence that digital mental health programs provide an effective treatment option for a range of mental health and alcohol use problems in young adults, research shows that uptake rates can be low. It is, thus, important to understand the factors that influence treatment satisfaction and quality of life outcomes for young adults who access eMental health interventions for comorbidity. OBJECTIVE This study sought to understand the factors that influence treatment satisfaction and quality of life outcomes for young adults who access eMental health interventions for comorbid alcohol and mood disorders. The aim was to determine the importance of personality (i.e., Big Five personality traits and intervention attitudes) and affective factors (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress levels) in predicting intervention trial engagement at sign-up, satisfaction with the online tool, and quality of life at the conclusion of the iTreAD trial (internet Treatment for Alcohol and Depression). METHODS Australian adults (N = 411) aged between 18 and 30 years who screened positive for depression and alcohol use problems signed up to the iTreAD project between August 2014 and October 2015. During registration, participants provided information about their personality, current affective state, treatment expectations and basic demographic information. Subsequent follow-up surveys were used to gauge ongoing trial engagement. The last follow-up questionnaire, completed at 64 weeks, assessed participants’ satisfaction with the online treatment and quality of life experiences. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to detect the relative influence of predictor variables on trial engagement, treatment satisfaction, and quality of life outcomes. Analyses revealed that the overall predictive effects of personality and affective factors were 20% or lower. Conscientiousness, neuroticism, and state-based anxiety constituted unique predictors of engagement with the iTreAD study, and state-based depression uniquely predicted variance in quality of life reports at the time of study completion. None of the selected predictors explained variances in treatment satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that traditional predictors of engagement observed in face-to-face research may not be easily transferable to digital health interventions, particularly those aimed at comorbid mental health concerns and alcohol misuse among young adults. More research is needed to identify what determines engagement in this cohort in order to optimally design and execute digital intervention studies with multiple treatment aims. CLINICALTRIAL ACTRN12614000310662 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1186/s12889-015-2365-2

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Kathleen Sayles ◽  
Dorothea Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
Richard Shaw ◽  
Kathleen Sayles ◽  
Dorothea Altschul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.

scholarly journals Measuring post-discharge socioeconomic and quality of life outcomes in trauma patients: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddarth Daniels David ◽  
Nobhojit Roy ◽  
Harris Solomon ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
Martin Gerdin Wärnberg
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Support Cost

Abstract Purpose Trauma is a global public health challenge. Measuring post-discharge socioeconomic and quality-of-life outcomes can help better understand and reduce the consequences of trauma. Methods We performed a scoping review to map the existing research on post-discharge outcomes for trauma patients, irrespective of the country or setting in which the study was performed. The scoping review was conducted by searching six databases – MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Global Index Medicus, BASE, and Web of Science – to identify all articles that report post-discharge socioeconomic or quality of life outcomes in trauma patients from 2009 to 2018. Results Seven hundred fifty-eight articles were included in this study, extracting 958 outcomes. Most studies (82%) were from high-income countries (HICs). More studies from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were cross-sectional (71%) compared with HIC settings (46%). There was a wide variety of different definitions, interpretations, and measurements used by various articles for similar outcomes. Quality of life, return to work, social support, cost, and participation were the main outcomes studied in post-discharge trauma patients. Conclusions The wide range of outcomes and outcome measures reported across different types of injuries and settings. This variability can be a barrier when comparing across different types of injuries and settings. Post-discharge trauma studies should move towards building evidence based on standardized measurement of outcomes.

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