scholarly journals Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in relation to weight change and the risk of weight gain in adults of normal weight at baseline: the Norwegian HUNT cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e039192
Author(s):  
Adaline Heitz ◽  
Xiao-Mei Mai ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Yi-Qian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Reduced Risk

ObjectiveWe sought to investigate the relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level with weight change and the risk of weight gain in an adult population who had normal weight at baseline and were followed up for 11 years.DesignA population-based prospective cohort study.SettingNord-Trøndelag, Norway.ParticipantsThe study included 1501 adults who participated in the second and third surveys of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT2 (1995–1997) and HUNT3 (2006–2008)) and had a normal body mass index ≥18.5 and <25.0 kg/m2 at baseline.Primary and secondary outcome measuresRelative weight change (%) was calculated as ((HUNT3 weight−HUNT2 weight)/HUNT2 weight×100). Relative annual weight change (%) was calculated as (relative weight change/follow-up years×100). Clinical weight gain was defined as relative weight change ≥5% over the 11 years, while annual weight gain was defined as relative annual weight change >1.25%.MethodsMultiple regression models were used to estimate adjusted coefficients for the relative annual weight change and risk ratios (RRs) for the risk of clinical weight gain and of annual weight gain.ResultsEach 25 nmol/L increase in season-standardised serum 25(OH)D level at baseline was associated with a reduction of 0.05% (95% CI −0.11 to 0.01) for relative annual weight change, a 10% (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.97) reduced risk of clinical weight gain, and a 19% (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.00) reduced risk of annual weight gain. A statistically significant trend was evident for the risk of clinical weight gain when 25(OH)D levels were treated as a categorical variable (p=0.006).ConclusionsThe findings suggested an inverse association of serum 25(OH)D level with the risk of clinical weight gain in adults who had normal weight at baseline over 11 years’ follow-up.

scholarly journals Weight change over two years in people prescribed olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone in UK primary care: Cohort study in THIN, a UK primary care database

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1098-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
David PJ Osborn ◽  
Irene Petersen ◽  
Nick Beckley ◽  
Kate Walters ◽  
Irwin Nazareth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Baseline Weight ◽  
Care Database

Background: Follow-up studies of weight gain related to antipsychotic treatment beyond a year are limited in number. We compared weight change in the three most commonly prescribed antipsychotics in a representative UK General Practice database. Method: We conducted a cohort study in United Kingdom primary care records of people newly prescribed olanzapine, quetiapine or risperidone. The primary outcome was weight in each six month period for two years after treatment initiation. Weight changes were compared using linear regression, adjusted for age, baseline weight and diagnosis. Results: N = 6338 people received olanzapine, 12,984 quetiapine and 6556 risperidone. Baseline weight was lowest for men treated with olanzapine (80.8 kg versus 83.5 kg quetiapine, 82.0 kg risperidone) and women treated with olanzapine (67.7 kg versus 71.5 kg quetiapine 68.4 kg risperidone. Weight gain occurred during treatment with all three drugs. Compared with risperidone mean weight gain was higher with olanzapine (adjusted co-efficient +1.24 kg (95% confidence interval: 0.69–1.79 kg per six months) for men and +0.77 kg (95% confidence interval: 0.29–1.24 kg) for women). Weight gain with quetiapine was lower in unadjusted models compared with risperidone, but this difference was not significant after adjustment. Conclusion: Olanzapine is more commonly prescribed to people with lower weight. However, after accounting for baseline weight, age, sex and diagnosis, olanzapine is still associated with greater weight gain over two years than risperidone or quetiapine. Baseline weight does not ameliorate the risks of weight gain associated with antipsychotic medication. Weight gain should be assertively discussed and managed for people prescribed antipsychotics, especially olanzapine.

scholarly journals Weight gain in patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Kristin Johansson ◽  
Lina Ulrika Ivert ◽  
Baltzar Bradley ◽  
Maria Lundqvist ◽  
Maria Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Night Sleep

Abstract Background Dupilumab, targeting the interleukin-4α receptor and inhibiting the action of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, was recently approved for treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. There is limited data on long-term effects and safety among patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab. Weight gain was observed among patients treated with dupilumab in our clinic. The aim was to describe weight change in a cohort study of patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab from baseline to follow-up after 12 months, and to analyze if weight change was associated with effect of treatment, reported appetite, and/or disturbed night sleep due to itching.Methods All patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic treatment at the Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, have been registered and monitored consecutively since January 2017. This cohort constituted all patients who started treatment on dupilumab or methotrexate between 10 January 2017 and 30 June 2019 with at least 6 months of follow-up within the study period. The following variables were monitored at start of and during treatment: Eczema Severity Score Index, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure, visual analogue scale for pruritus 10cm, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and weight. Data analyses were performed using two-sample Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney rank-sum test, or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign-rank test with a p-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant.Results Patients treated with dupilumab (n=12) gained weight (mean 6.1 kg, range [0.1–18.0], p=0.002) after one year on treatment. The majority of patients showed a good response to treatment with dupilumab (n=11); at follow-up at 6, 9, or 12 months, they reached EASI-90 (n=6), EASI-75 (n=4), or EASI-50 (n=1). There was no significant association between weight gain and treatment response, reported appetite, or disturbed night-sleep due to itch. Patients treated with methotrexate showed no significant weight change (n=8). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report on a possible association between weight gain and dupilumab treatment; the extent of the association is yet to be seen, as is the mechanism behind this finding.

scholarly journals Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels Are Associated With Breslow Thickness at Presentation and Survival From Melanoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (32) ◽  
pp. 5439-5444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Newton-Bishop ◽  
Samantha Beswick ◽  
Juliette Randerson-Moor ◽  
Yu-Mei Chang ◽  
Paul Affleck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Breslow Thickness ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

Purpose A cohort study was carried out to test the hypothesis that higher vitamin D levels reduce the risk of relapse from melanoma. Methods A pilot retrospective study of 271 patients with melanoma suggested that vitamin D may protect against recurrence of melanoma. We tested these findings in a survival analysis in a cohort of 872 patients recruited to the Leeds Melanoma Cohort (median follow-up, 4.7 years). Results In the retrospective study, self-reports of taking vitamin D supplements were nonsignificantly correlated with a reduced risk of melanoma relapse (odds ratio = 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4 to 1.1; P = .09). Nonrelapsers had higher mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels than relapsers (49 v 46 nmol/L; P = .3; not statistically significant). In the cohort (prospective) study, higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were associated with lower Breslow thickness at diagnosis (P = .002) and were independently protective of relapse and death: the hazard ratio for relapse-free survival (RFS) was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.96; P = .01) for a 20 nmol/L increase in serum level. There was evidence of interaction between the vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI genotype and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels on RFS. Conclusion Results from the retrospective study were consistent with a role for vitamin D in melanoma outcome. The cohort study tests this hypothesis, providing evidence that higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels, at diagnosis, are associated with both thinner tumors and better survival from melanoma, independent of Breslow thickness. Patients with melanoma, and those at high risk of melanoma, should seek to ensure vitamin D sufficiency. Additional studies are needed to establish optimal serum levels for patients with melanoma.

scholarly journals Maternal weight change from prepregnancy to 18 months postpartum and subsequent risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Danish women: A cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e1003486
Author(s):  
Helene Kirkegaard ◽  
Mette Bliddal ◽  
Henrik Støvring ◽  
Kathleen M. Rasmussen ◽  
Erica P. Gunderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Postpartum Weight

Background One-fourth of women experience substantially higher weight years after childbirth. We examined weight change from prepregnancy to 18 months postpartum according to subsequent maternal risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and findings We conducted a cohort study of 47,966 women with a live-born singleton within the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC; 1997–2002). Interviews during pregnancy and 6 and 18 months postpartum provided information on height, gestational weight gain (GWG), postpartum weights, and maternal characteristics. Information on pregnancy complications, incident hypertension, and CVD was obtained from the National Patient Register. Using Cox regression, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence interval [CI]) for hypertension and CVD through 16 years of follow-up. During this period, 2,011 women were diagnosed at the hospital with hypertension and 1,321 with CVD. The women were on average 32.3 years old (range 18.0–49.2) at start of follow-up, 73% had a prepregnancy BMI <25, and 27% a prepregnancy BMI ≥25. Compared with a stable weight (±1 BMI unit), weight gains from prepregnancy to 18 months postpartum of >1–2 and >2 BMI units were associated with 25% (10%–42%), P = 0.001 and 31% (14%–52%), P < 0.001 higher risks of hypertension, respectively. These risks were similar whether weight gain presented postpartum weight retention or a new gain from 6 months to 18 months postpartum and whether GWG was below, within, or above the recommendations. For CVD, findings differed according to prepregnancy BMI. In women with normal-/underweight, weight gain >2 BMI units and weight loss >1 BMI unit were associated with 48% (17%–87%), P = 0.001 and 28% (6%–55%), P = 0.01 higher risks of CVD, respectively. Further, weight loss >1 BMI unit combined with a GWG below recommended was associated with a 70% (24%–135%), P = 0.001 higher risk of CVD. No such increased risks were observed among women with overweight/obesity (interaction by prepregnancy BMI, P = 0.01, 0.03, and 0.03, respectively). The limitations of this observational study include potential confounding by prepregnancy metabolic health and self-reported maternal weights, which may lead to some misclassification. Conclusions Postpartum weight retention/new gain in all mothers and postpartum weight loss in mothers with normal-/underweight may be associated with later adverse cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Weight gain in patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Kristin Johansson ◽  
Lina Ulrika Ivert ◽  
Baltzar Bradley ◽  
Maria Lundqvist ◽  
Maria Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Night Sleep

Abstract Background Dupilumab, targeting the interleukin-4α receptor and inhibiting the action of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, was recently approved for treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. There is limited data on long-term effects and safety among patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab. Weight gain was observed among patients treated with dupilumab in our clinic. The aim was to describe weight change in a cohort study of patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab from baseline to follow-up after 12 months, and to analyze if weight change was associated with effect of treatment, reported appetite, and/or disturbed night sleep due to itching.Methods All patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic treatment at the Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, have been registered and monitored consecutively since January 2017. This cohort constituted all patients who started treatment on dupilumab or methotrexate between 10 January 2017 and 30 June 2019 with at least 6 months of follow-up within the study period. The following variables were monitored at start of and during treatment: Eczema Severity Score Index, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure, visual analogue scale for pruritus 10cm, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and weight. Data analyses were performed using two-sample Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney rank-sum test, or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign-rank test with a p-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant.Results Patients treated with dupilumab (n=12) gained weight (mean 6.1 kg, range [0.1–18.0], p=0.002) after one year on treatment. The majority of patients showed a good response to treatment with dupilumab (n=11); at follow-up at 6, 9, or 12 months, they reached EASI-90 (n=6), EASI-75 (n=4), or EASI-50 (n=1). There was no significant association between weight gain and treatment response, reported appetite, or disturbed night-sleep due to itch. Patients treated with methotrexate showed no significant weight change (n=8). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report on a possible association between weight gain and dupilumab treatment; the extent of the association is yet to be seen, as is the mechanism behind this finding.

scholarly journals Weight gain in patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Kristin Johansson ◽  
Lina Ulrika Ivert ◽  
Baltzar Bradley ◽  
Maria Lundqvist ◽  
Maria Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Night Sleep

Abstract Background Dupilumab, targeting the interleukin-4α receptor and inhibiting the action of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, was recently approved for treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. There is limited data on long-term effects and safety among patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab. Weight gain was observed among patients treated with dupilumab in our clinic. The aim was to describe weight change in a cohort study of patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab from baseline to follow-up after 12 months, and to analyze if weight change was associated with effect of treatment, reported appetite, and/or disturbed night sleep due to itching. Methods All patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic treatment at the Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, have been registered and monitored consecutively since January 2017. This cohort constituted all patients who started treatment on dupilumab or methotrexate between 10 January 2017 and 30 June 2019 with at least 6 months of follow-up within the study period. The following variables were monitored at start of and during treatment: Eczema Severity Score Index, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure, visual analogue scale for pruritus 10 cm, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and weight. Data analyses were performed using two-sample Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney rank-sum test, or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign-rank test with a p-value < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results Patients treated with dupilumab (n = 12) gained weight (mean 6.1 kg, range [0.1–18.0], p = 0.002) after 1 year on treatment. The majority of patients showed a good response to treatment with dupilumab (n = 11); at follow-up at 6, 9, or 12 months, they reached EASI-90 (n = 6), EASI-75 (n = 4), or EASI-50 (n = 1). There was no significant association between weight gain and treatment response, reported appetite, or disturbed night-sleep due to itch. Patients treated with methotrexate showed no significant weight change (n = 8). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report on a possible association between weight gain and dupilumab treatment; the extent of the association is yet to be seen, as is the mechanism behind this finding.

scholarly journals Frequency of Self-Weighing and Weight Change: Cohort Study With 10,000 Smart Scale Users (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Leena Vuorinen ◽  
Elina Helander ◽  
Julia Pietilä ◽  
Ilkka Korhonen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

BACKGROUND Frequent self-weighing is associated with successful weight loss and weight maintenance during and after weight loss interventions. Less is known about self-weighing behaviors and associated weight change in free-living settings. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of self-weighing and changes in body weight in a large international cohort of smart scale users. METHODS This was an observational cohort study with 10,000 randomly selected smart scale users who had used the scale for at least 1 year. Longitudinal weight measurement data were analyzed. The association between the frequency of self-weighing and weight change over the follow-up was investigated among normal weight, overweight, and obese users using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear models. The association between the frequency of self-weighing and temporal weight change was analyzed using linear mixed effects models. RESULTS The eligible sample consisted of 9768 participants (6515/9768, 66.7% men; mean age 41.5 years; mean BMI 26.8 kg/m2). Of the participants, 4003 (4003/9768, 41.0%), 3748 (3748/9768, 38.4%), and 2017 (2017/9768, 20.6%) were normal weight, overweight, and obese, respectively. During the mean follow-up time of 1085 days, the mean weight change was –0.59 kg, and the mean percentage of days with a self-weigh was 39.98%, which equals 2.8 self-weighs per week. The percentage of self-weighing days correlated inversely with weight change, <i>r</i>=–0.111 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Among normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals, the correlations were <i>r</i>=–0.100 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), <i>r</i>=–0.125 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), and <i>r</i>=–0.148 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), respectively. Of all participants, 72.5% (7085/9768) had at least one period of ≥30 days without weight measurements. During the break, weight increased, and weight gains were more pronounced among overweight and obese individuals: 0.58 kg in the normal weight group, 0.93 kg in the overweight group, and 1.37 kg in the obese group (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS Frequent self-weighing was associated with favorable weight loss outcomes also in an uncontrolled, free-living setting, regardless of specific weight loss interventions. The beneficial associations of regular self-weighing were more pronounced for overweight or obese individuals.

scholarly journals Weight change among normal weight, overweight and obese employees and subsequent diagnosis-specific sickness absence: A register-linked follow-up study

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Anna Svärd ◽  
Jouni Lahti ◽  
Minna Mänty ◽  
Eira Roos ◽  
Ossi Rahkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Ratio Range

Aims: Obesity and weight change are associated with sickness absence; however, less is known about the diagnoses for sickness absence. We examined the association between stable and changing weight by body mass index groups with sickness absence due to any, musculoskeletal and mental diagnoses among midlife female and male employees. Methods: The Finnish Helsinki Health Study phase 1 survey took place in 2000–2002 (response rate 67%) and phase 2 in 2007 (response rate 83%). Based on self-reported body mass index, we calculated the weight change between phases 1 and 2 (body mass index change ⩾5%). The data were linked with registers of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, including information on diagnoses (ICD-10) for sickness absence >9 days. We used a negative binom ial model to examine the association with sickness absence among 3140 women and 755 men during the follow-up (2007–2013). Results are presented as rate ratios. Covariates were age, sociodemographic factors, workload, health behaviors and prior sickness absence. Results: Weight-gain (rate ratio range=1.27–2.29), overweight (rate ratio range=1.77–2.02) and obesity (rate ratio range=2.16–2.29) among women were associated with a higher rate of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diseases, compared to weight-maintaining normal-weight women. Similarly, obesity among men was associated with sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diseases (rate ratio range=1.55–3.45). Obesity among women (rate ratio range=1.54–1.72) and weight gain among overweight men (rate ratio=3.67; confidence interval=1.72–7.87) were associated with sickness absence due to mental disorders. Conclusions: Obesity and weight gain were associated with a higher rate of sickness absence, especially due to musculoskeletal diseases among women. Preventing obesity and weight gain likely helps prevent sickness absence.

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