scholarly journals Global prevalence of spondyloarthritis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e041180
Author(s):  
Edem Allado ◽  
Anthony Moussu ◽  
Jean Joel Bigna ◽  
Sabrina Hamroun ◽  
Aurore Camier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

IntroductionIn the past decade, the definition of spondyloarthritis (SpA) has undergone major modifications with respect to new diagnostic tools and classifications. With the advent of biotherapies, treatment possibilities in patients with SpA have substantially improved in the last few years. There is great interest in obtaining accurate data on the disease prevalence, especially in regions where data remains scarce such as low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), in order to measure and understand the needs of their healthcare systems. Therefore, through a global systematic review and meta-analysis, the current study aims to investigate the prevalence of SpA and human leucocyte antigen B27 (HLAB27) and its association with the risk of SpA in the LMIC population.Methods and analysisWe will include cohort, case–control and cross-sectional studies performed among adults (>15 years) living in LMICs. EMBASE, Medline, Global Index Medicus and Web of Knowledge will be searched for relevant records published until 30 April 2020, without any language restriction. The review will be reported according to the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. After screening of titles and abstracts, study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment by two independent reviewers, we shall assess the studies individually for clinical and statistical heterogeneity. Random-effect meta-analysis will be used to pool studies judged to be clinically homogeneous. Egger’s test and visual inspection of funnel plots will be used to assess publication bias. Results will be presented by WHO subregions.Ethics and disseminationSince primary data is not collected in this study, ethical approval is not required. This review is expected to provide relevant data on the epidemiology of SpA, HLAB27 and their association in the global population of LMICs. The final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020163898.

scholarly journals Burden, risk factors and outcomes of hyperemesis gravidarum in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs): systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Tadese Dinberu ◽  
Mohammed Akibu Mohammed ◽  
Tesfalidet Tekelab ◽  
Nigus Bililign Yimer ◽  
Melaku Desta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Patient Consent

IntroductionHyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a pregnancy condition characterised by excessive nausea and vomiting resulting in dehydration, weight loss and serious adverse pregnancy outcomes including termination of pregnancies. Even though evidence in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited, the prevalence of HG in pregnancy ranges from 0.3% to 10.8%. With this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to determine the prevalence/burden, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of HG in LMICs.MethodsPubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, EBSCO, Ovid maternity and infant care databases, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases will be searched. Reference lists of selected articles will be assessed in order to identify other potential studies of interest. Observational studies and (non) randomised controlled trials conducted from January 2000 to September 2018 in LMIC will be included. A weighted inverse-variance meta-analysis using fixed-effects and random-effects model will be done to generate a pooled estimate. Funnel plot and Egger’s regression statistical test will be applied to check publication bias. Heterogeneity among studies will be checked using Τ2 to determine dispersion. Moreover, meta-regression analysis will be performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity. STATA V.14 will be used to analyse the data.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval and patient consent are not required; as primary data collection will not be employed. The result will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and will be presented at scientific conferences and public press.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018096284.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in people with active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Armel Awana ◽  
Celestin Danwang ◽  
Joel Noutakdie Tochie ◽  
Jean Joel Bigna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

IntroductionIn recent years, a hypothesis has been raised that people with tuberculosis are at risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, much remains to be understood about the interplay between VTE and tuberculosis. Therefore, through a global systematic review and meta-analysis, the current study aims at investigating the association between exposure to active tuberculosis and risk of VTE, and determining the prevalence and incidence of VTE in people with active tuberculosis.Methods and designWe will include cohort studies, case–control and cross-sectional studies performed among adults (>15 years) with active tuberculosis. EMBASE, Medline, Global Index Medicus and Web of Knowledge will be searched for relevant records published until 31 August 2019, without any language restriction. The review will be reported according to the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. After screening of titles and abstracts, study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment; we shall assess the studies individually for clinical and statistical heterogeneity. Random-effect meta-analysis will be used to pool studies judged to be clinically homogenous. The Egger’s test and visual inspection of funnel plots will be used to assess publication bias. Results will be presented by country and region.Ethics and disseminationSince primary data are not collected in this study, ethical approval is not required. This review is expected to provide relevant data on the epidemiology of VTE in people with tuberculosis. The final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019130347.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of paediatric COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. archdischild-2020-321385
Author(s):  
Omar Irfan ◽  
Fiona Muttalib ◽  
Kun Tang ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Zohra S Lassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

ObjectiveCompare paediatric COVID-19 disease characteristics, management and outcomes according to World Bank country income level and disease severity.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingBetween 1 December 2019 and 8 January 2021, 3350 articles were identified. Two reviewers conducted study screening, data abstraction and quality assessment independently and in duplicate. Observational studies describing laboratory-confirmed paediatric (0–19 years old) COVID-19 were considered for inclusion.Main outcomes and measuresThe pooled proportions of clinical findings, treatment and outcomes were compared according to World Bank country income level and reported disease severity.Results129 studies were included from 31 countries comprising 10 251 children of which 57.4% were hospitalised. Mean age was 7.0 years (SD 3.6), and 27.1% had a comorbidity. Fever (63.3%) and cough (33.7%) were common. Of 3670 cases, 44.1% had radiographic abnormalities. The majority of cases recovered (88.9%); however, 96 hospitalised children died. Compared with high-income countries, in low-income and middle-income countries, a lower proportion of cases were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) (9.9% vs 26.0%) yet pooled proportion of deaths among hospitalised children was higher (relative risk 2.14, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.20). Children with severe disease received antimicrobials, inotropes and anti-inflammatory agents more frequently than those with non-severe disease. Subgroup analyses showed that a higher proportion of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) were admitted to ICU (47.1% vs 22.9%) and a higher proportion of hospitalised children with MIS-C died (4.8% vs 3.6%) compared with the overall sample.ConclusionPaediatric COVID-19 has a favourable prognosis. Further severe disease characterisation in children is needed globally.

scholarly journals Efficacy of zinc as adjunctive pneumonia treatment in children aged 2 to 60 months in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Brown ◽  
Antti Juhani Kukka ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

BackgroundDespite advances in vaccination and case management, pneumonia remains the single largest contributor to early child mortality worldwide. Zinc has immune-enhancing properties, but its role in adjunctive treatment of pneumonia in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is controversial and research still active.MethodsSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of zinc and placebo in pneumonia in children aged 2 to 60 months in LMICs. Databases included MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS, SciELO, the WHO portal, Scopus, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov. Inclusion criteria included accepted signs of pneumonia and clear measure of outcome. Risk of bias was independently assessed by two authors. ORs with 95% CI were used for calculating the pooled estimate of dichotomous outcomes including treatment failure and mortality. Time to recovery was expressed as HRs. Sensitivity analyses considering risk of bias and subgroup analyses for pneumonia severity were performed.ResultsWe identified 11 trials published between 2004 and 2019 fulfilling the a priori defined criteria, 7 from South Asia and 3 from Africa and 1 from South America. Proportional treatment failure was comparable in both zinc and placebo groups when analysed for all patients (OR 0.95 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.14)) and only for those with severe pneumonia (OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.14)). No difference was seen in mortality between zinc and placebo groups (OR 0.64 (95% CI 0.31 to 1.31)). Time to recovery from severe pneumonia did not differ between the treatment and control groups for patients with severe pneumonia (HR 1.01 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.14)). Removal of four studies with high risk of bias made no difference to the conclusions.ConclusionThere is no evidence that adjunctive zinc treatment improves recovery from pneumonia in children in LMICs.Trial registration numberCRD42019141602.

scholarly journals Contribution of suicide and injuries to pregnancy-related mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela C Fuhr ◽  
Clara Calvert ◽  
Carine Ronsmans ◽  
Prabha S Chandra ◽  
Siham Sikander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Related Mortality
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