scholarly journals Modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in Benin: a mixed-methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e054188
Author(s):  
Noudéhouénou Crédo Adelphe Ahissou ◽  
Lenka Benova ◽  
Thérèse Delvaux ◽  
Charlotte Gryseels ◽  
Jean-Paul Dossou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Qualitative Part

ObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the determinants of modern contraceptive method use among young women in Benin.DesignA mixed-methods design.Setting and participantsWe used the Benin 2017–2018 Demographic and Health Survey datasets for quantitative analysis. Data collection was conducted using multiple-cluster sampling method and through household survey. Qualitative part was conducted in the city of Allada, one of the Fon cultural capitals in Benin. The participants were purposively selected.OutcomesContraceptive prevalence rate, unmet need for modern method and percentage of demand satisfied by a modern method for currently married and sexually active unmarried women were measured in the quantitative part. Access barriers and utilisation of modern methods were assessed in the qualitative part.ResultsOverall, 8.5% (95% CI 7.7% to 9.5%) among young women ages 15–24 were using modern contraceptives and 13% (12.1% to 14.0%) among women ages 25 or more. Women 15–24 had a higher unmet need, and a lower demand satisfied by modern contraceptive methods compared with women ages 25 or more. 60.8% (56.9% to 64.7%) of all unmarried young women had unmet need for modern contraceptives. Young women were more likely to use male condoms which they obtain mainly from for-profit outlets, pharmacies and relatives. The factors associated with demand satisfied by a modern method were literacy, being unmarried, knowing a greater number of modern contraceptive methods and experiencing barriers in access to health services. On the other hand, the qualitative study found that barriers to using modern methods include community norms about pre-marital sexual intercourse, perceptions about young women’s fertility, spousal consent and the use of non-modern contraceptives.ConclusionContraceptive use is low among young women in Benin. The use of modern contraceptives is influenced by sociodemographic factors and social norms. Appropriate interventions might promote comprehensive sexuality education, increase community engagement, provide youth-friendly services and address gender inequalities.

scholarly journals Modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in Benin: a mixed-methods study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noudéhouénou Crédo Adelphe AHISSOU ◽  
Lenka BENOVA ◽  
Thérèse DELVAUX ◽  
Charlotte GRYSEELS ◽  
Jean-Paul DOSSOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Qualitative Part

Objectives The study aimed to assess the determinants of modern contraceptive method use among young women in Benin. Design A mixed-methods design. Setting and participants We used the Benin 2017-18 Demographic and Health Survey datasets for quantitative analysis. Data collection was conducted using multiple-cluster sampling method and through household survey. Qualitative part was conducted in the city of Allada, one of the Fon cultural capitals. The participants were purposively selected. Outcomes Contraceptive prevalence rate, unmet need for modern method, and percentage of demand satisfied by a modern method for currently married and sexually active unmarried women were measured in the quantitative part. Access barriers and utilization of modern methods were assessed in the qualitative part. Results Overall, 8.5% (95%CI: 7.7-9.5%) among young women ages 15 to 24 were using modern contraceptives and 13% (95%CI: 12.1-14.0%) among women ages 25 or more. Women 15-24 had a higher unmet need, and a lower demand satisfied by modern contraceptive methods compared to women aged 25 or more. 60.8% (56.9-64.7%) of all unmarried young women had unmet need for modern contraceptives. Young women were more likely to use male condoms which they obtain mainly from for-profit outlets, pharmacies, and relatives. The factors associated with demand satisfied by a modern method were literacy, being unmarried, knowing a greater number of modern contraceptive methods, and experiencing barriers in access to health services. On the other hand, the qualitative study found that barriers to using modern methods include community norms about pre-marital sexual intercourse, perceptions about young women's fertility, spousal consent, and the use of non-modern contraceptives. Conclusion Contraceptive use is low among young women in Benin. The use of modern contraceptives is influenced by socio-demographic factors and social norms. Appropriate interventions might promote comprehensive sexuality education, increase community engagement, provide youth-friendly services, and address gender inequalities.

scholarly journals Share of current unmet need for modern contraceptive methods attributed to past users of these methods in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ankita Shukla ◽  
Anrudh K. Jain ◽  
Rajib Acharya ◽  
F. Ram ◽  
Arupendra Mozumdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Reversible Method

Abstract Despite persistent efforts, unmet need for contraceptives in India has declined only slightly from 14% to 13% between 2005–06 and 2015–16. Many women using a family planning method discontinue it without switching to another method and continue to have unmet need. This study quantified the share of current unmet need for modern contraceptive methods attributed to past users of these methods in India. Data were drawn from two rounds of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2005–06 and 2015–16. Using information on women with current unmet need, and whether they used any modern method in the past, the share of past users with current unmet need for modern methods was calculated. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Among 46 million women with unmet need, 11 million were past users of modern methods in 2015–16. The share of current unmet need attributed to past users of modern contraceptive methods declined from 27% in 2005–06 to 24% in 2015–16. Share of current unmet need attributed to past users was associated with reversible method use. This share rose with increased use of modern reversible methods. With the Indian family planning programme’s focus on increasing modern reversible method use, the share of unmet need attributed to past users of modern methods is likely to increase in the future. The programme’s emphasis on continuation of contraceptive use, along with bringing in new users, could be one of the key strategies for India to achieve the FP2020 goals.

scholarly journals Modern contraceptive use among women in need of family planning in India: an analysis of the inequalities related to the mix of methods used

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ewerling ◽  
Lotus McDougal ◽  
Anita Raj ◽  
Leonardo Z. Ferreira ◽  
Cauane Blumenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Objective To evaluate the type of contraceptives used by women in need of family planning in India and the inequalities associated with that use according to women's age, education, wealth, subnational region of residence and empowerment level. Methods Using data from the Indian National Family and Health Survey-4 (2015–2016), we evaluated the proportion of partnered women aged 15–49 years with demand for family planning satisfied (DFPS) with modern contraceptive methods. We also explored the share of each type of contraception [short- (e.g., condom, pill) and long-acting (i.e., IUD) reversible contraceptives and permanent methods] and related inequalities. Results The majority (71.8%; 95% CI 71.4–72.2) of women in need of contraception were using a modern method, most (76.1%) in the form of female sterilization. Condom and contraceptive pill were the second and third most frequently used methods (11.8% and 8.5%, respectively); only 3.2% reported IUD. There was a nearly linear exchange from short-acting to permanent contraceptive methods as women aged. Women in the poorest wealth quintile had DFPS with modern methods at least 10 percentage points lower than other women. We observed wide geographic variation in DFPS with modern contraceptives, ranging from 23.6% (95% CI 22.1–25.2) in Manipur to 93.6% (95% CI 92.8–94.3) in Andhra Pradesh. Women with more accepting attitudes towards domestic violence and lower levels of social independence had higher DFPS with modern methods but also had higher reliance on permanent methods. Among sterilized women, 43.2% (95% CI 42.7–43.7) were sterilized before age 25, 61.5% (95% CI 61.0–62.1) received monetary compensation for sterilization, and 20.8% (95% CI 20.3–21.3) were not informed that sterilization prevented future pregnancies. Conclusion Indian family planning policy should prioritize women-centered care, making reversible contraceptive methods widely available and promoted.

scholarly journals Modern Contraceptive Use Among Women in Need of Family Planning in India: an Analysis of the Inequalities Related to the Mix of Methods Used

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ewerling ◽  
Lotus McDougal ◽  
Anita Raj ◽  
Leonardo Z. Ferreira ◽  
Cauane Blumenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract ObjectiveTo evaluate the type of contraceptives used by women in need of family planning in India and the inequalities associated with that use according to women's age, education, wealth, subnational region of residence and empowerment level.MethodsUsing data from the Indian National Family and Health Survey-4 (2015-16), we evaluated the proportion of partnered women aged 15-49 years with demand for family planning satisfied (DFPS) with modern contraceptive methods. We also explored the share of each type of contraception (short- [e.g., condom, pill] and long-acting [i.e., IUD] reversible contraceptives and permanent methods) and related inequalities.ResultsThe majority (71.8%; 95% CI: 71.4 - 72.2) of women in need of contraception were using a modern method, most (76.1%) in the form of female sterilization. Condom and contraceptive pill were the second and third most frequently used methods (11.8% and 8.5%, respectively); only 3.2% reported IUD. There was a nearly linear exchange from short-acting to permanent contraceptive methods as women aged. Women in the poorest wealth quintile had DFPS with modern methods at least 10 percentage points lower than other women. We observed wide geographic variation in DFPS with modern contraceptives, ranging from 23.6% (95% CI: 22.1 – 25.2) in Manipur to 93.6% (95% CI: 92.8 – 94.3) in Andhra Pradesh. Women with more accepting attitudes towards domestic violence and lower levels of social independence had higher DFPS with modern methods but also had higher reliance on permanent methods. Among sterilized women, 43.2% (95% CI: 42.7 – 43.7) were sterilized before age 25, 61.5% (95% CI: 61.0 – 62.1) received monetary compensation for sterilization, and 20.8% (95% CI: 20.3 – 21.3) were not informed that sterilization prevented future pregnancies.ConclusionIndian family planning policy should prioritize women-centered care, making reversible contraceptive methods widely available and promoted.

scholarly journals Prevalence and inequalities in contraceptive use among adolescents and young women: data from a birth cohort in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Kramer Fiala Machado ◽  
Débora Dalmas Gräf ◽  
Fabiane Höfs ◽  
Franciele Hellwig ◽  
Karoline Sampaio Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Barrier Methods ◽  
Modern Methods

Monitoring trends of contraceptive use and identifying the groups with less coverage are needed to guide public policies and make them more efficient. But, in Brazil, recent data about these aspects are limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of contraceptive use and its inequalities during adolescence and early adulthood. Data from the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were used. At 15, 18 and 22 years, respectively, 335, 1,458 and 1,711 women reported having started their sexual lives and were included in analysis. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were obtained to describe the most used contraceptive methods. Inequalities in modern contraceptive use were evaluated according to wealth index, scholastic backwardness and ethnicity. In all follow-ups, more than 80% of women used at least one modern method. The use of barrier methods decreased with age; at 22 this prevalence was 36.3%. Such use concomitant with other modern methods was lower than 50% in all follow-ups. We observed inequalities in the use of modern contraceptive methods, mainly in barrier methods used with other modern methods. These findings may contribute and improve the public policies in family planning.

scholarly journals A qualitative exploration of contraceptive use and discontinuation among women with an unmet need for modern contraception in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ontiri ◽  
Lilian Mutea ◽  
Violet Naanyu ◽  
Mark Kabue ◽  
Regien Biesma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Contraceptive Discontinuation

Abstract Background Addressing the unmet need for modern contraception underpins the goal of all family planning and contraception programs. Contraceptive discontinuation among those in need of a method hinders the attainment of the fertility desires of women, which may result in unintended pregnancies. This paper presents experiences of contraceptive use, reasons for discontinuation, and future intentions to use modern contraceptives. Methods Qualitative data were collected in two rural counties in Kenya in 2019 from women with unmet need for contraception who were former modern contraceptive users. Additional data was collected from male partners of some of the women interviewed. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions explored previous experience with contraceptive use, reasons for discontinuation, and future intentionality to use. Following data collection, digitally recorded data were transcribed verbatim, translated, and coded using thematic analysis through an inductive approach. Results Use of modern contraception to prevent pregnancy and plan for family size was a strong motivator for uptake of contraceptives. The contraceptive methods used were mainly sourced from public health facilities though adolescents got them from the private sector. Reasons for discontinued use included side effects, method failure, peer influence, gender-based violence due to covert use of contraceptives, and failure within the health system. Five reasons were provided for those not willing to use in the future: fear of side effects, cost of contraceptive services, family conflicts over the use of modern contraceptives, reduced need, and a shift to traditional methods. Conclusion This study expands the literature by examining reasons for contraceptive discontinuation and future intentionality to use among women in need of contraception. The results underscore the need for family planning interventions that incorporate quality of care in service provision to address contraceptive discontinuation. Engaging men and other social influencers in family planning programs and services will help garner support for contraception, rather than focusing exclusively on women. The results of this study can inform implementation of family planning programs in Kenya and beyond to ensure they address the concerns of former modern contraception users.

scholarly journals Discontinuation and switching of postpartum contraceptive methods over twelve months in Burkina Faso and the DRC: a secondary analysis of the Yam-Daabo trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abou Coulibaly ◽  
Tieba Millogo ◽  
Adama Baguiya ◽  
Nguyen Toan Tran ◽  
Rachel Yodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Discontinuation ◽  
Equal Effectiveness

Abstract Introduction : Women who use contraceptive methods sometimes stop early, use methods intermittently or switched contraceptive methods. All these events (discontinuations and switching) contribute to the occurrence of unwanted and close pregnancies. This study aimed to explore contraceptive discontinuation and switching during the Yam-Daabo project to measure the effect of interventions on the continuation of contraceptive methods use.Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Yam-Daabo trial data. We choose the discontinuation and switching of a modern contraceptive method as outcome measures. We performed a survival analysis by using the Stata software package to estimate the effect of the interventions on contraceptive discontinuation. We also studied the main reasons for discontinuation and switching.Results: In total, 637 out of the 1,120 women used at least one contraceptive method (of any type), with 267 women in the control and 370 in the intervention group. Modern methods were used by 179 women of control group compared to 279 women of intervention group with 24 and 32 who discontinued, respectively. We observed no statistically significant association between interventions and modern methods discontinuation and switching. However, the discontinuation of modern methods was higher in pills and injectables users than implants and IUDs users. The pooled data comparison showed that, in reference to the women who had not switched while using a modern method, the likelihood of switching to a less or equal effectiveness method among the women of the control group was 3.8(95% CI: 1.8-8.0) times the likelihood of switching to a less or equal effectiveness method among the women of the intervention group. And this excess was statistically significant (p<0.001). The main reason for discontinuation and switching was method-related (141 over 199), followed by partner opposition with 20 women.Conclusion: The results of this study show no statistically significant association between interventions and modern methods discontinuation. Discontinuation is more related to the methods themselves than to any other factor. It is also important to set up specific actions targeting women's partners and influential people in the community to counter inhibiting beliefs.Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR201609001784334, https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=1784).

scholarly journals Discontinuation and Switching of Postpartum Contraceptive Methods Over Twelve Months in Burkina Faso and the DRC: A Secondary Analysis of the Yam-Daabo trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abou Coulibaly ◽  
Tieba Millogo ◽  
Adama Baguiya ◽  
Nguyen Toan Tran ◽  
Rachel Yodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Discontinuation ◽  
Equal Effectiveness

Abstract Introduction: Women who use contraceptive methods sometimes stop early, use methods intermittently or switched contraceptive methods. All these events (discontinuations and switching) contribute to the occurrence of unwanted and close pregnancies. This study aimed to explore contraceptive discontinuation and switching during the Yam-Daabo project to measure the effect of interventions on the continuation of contraceptive methods use.Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Yam-Daabo trial data. We choose the discontinuation and switching of a modern contraceptive method as outcome measures. We performed a survival analysis by using the Stata software package to estimate the effect of the interventions on contraceptive discontinuation. We also studied the main reasons for discontinuation and switching.Results: In total, 637 out of the 1,120 women used at least one contraceptive method (of any type), with 267 women in the control and 370 in the intervention group. Modern methods were used by 179 women of control group compared to 279 women of intervention group with 24 and 32 who discontinued, respectively. We observed no statistically significant association between interventions and modern methods discontinuation and switching. However, the discontinuation of modern methods was higher in pills and injectables users than implants and IUDs users. The pooled data comparison showed that, in reference to the women who had not switched while using a modern method, the likelihood of switching to a less or equal effectiveness method among the women of the control group was 3.8(95% CI: 1.8-8.0) times the likelihood of switching to a less or equal effectiveness method among the women of the intervention group. And this excess was statistically significant (p<0.001). The main reason for discontinuation and switching was method-related (141 over 199), followed by partner opposition with 20 women.Conclusion: The results of this study show no statistically significant association between interventions and modern methods discontinuation. Discontinuation is more related to the methods themselves than to any other factor. It is also important to set up specific actions targeting women's partners and influential people in the community to counter inhibiting beliefs.Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR201609001784334, https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=1784).

scholarly journals Persisting Regional Disparities in Modern Contraceptive Use and Unmet Need for Contraception among Nigerian Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Huimin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Unmet Need For Contraception

Background. Evidence suggests that equitable provision of contraceptive services can help women achieve their reproductive goals and has significant impact on reducing the rates abortion and unintended pregnancy at large. However, regional disparities continue to persist on top of low family planning prevalence which is a critical public health challenge for fast growing populations like Nigeria. Objectives. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of (1) nonuse of modern contraceptives, (2) unmet need for contraception, and (3) regional disparities in these two. Methods. The present study used cross-sectional data obtained from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 2003, 2008, and 2013. Participants were women of reproductive of age (15-49 years) regardless of marital status. Regional disparities of nonuse of modern contraceptives and unmet need were analysed by descriptive and multivariate regression methods. Results. In the pooled sample of 79,656 participants during 2003, 2008, and 2013, 88.6% reported not using any modern methods, and 13.5% reported having unmet need for contraception. The prevalence rates of nonuse were, respectively, 91.8%, 90.6%, and 88.6% and those of unmet need were 14.2%, 16.6%, and 13.5% in the years 2003, 2008, and 2013. Significant differences were observed in the odds of reporting nonuse and unmet need for contraception across the geopolitical zones. Conclusions. The rates of nonuse of contraception are remarkably high among women in Nigeria with significant disparities across the six geopolitical zones. Efforts should be made to address the regional disparities in order to achieve the goals of universal coverage of family planning services in the country.

scholarly journals Demand for Family Planning Satisfied With Modern Methods in Urban Malawi: CHAID Analysis to Identify Predictors and Women Underserved With Family Planning Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurudeen Alhassan ◽  
Nyovani Janet Madise
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Living Children ◽  
Underserved Groups

Introduction: Family planning progress under the SDGs is measured with a novel indicator, demand for family planning satisfied with modern methods (mDFPS), which provides a better indication of modern contraceptive coverage than unmet need and contraceptive prevalence rate. Yet, few studies have examined the predictors of mDFPS and the sub-groups of women with unsatisfied mDFPS in urban Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to examine the predictors of mDFPS in urban Malawi and to identify the sub-groups of urban women underserved with modern contraceptives.Methods: The study analysed data from the 2015–16 Malawi Demographic and Health survey. The sample was comprised of 2,917 women in urban Malawi who had a demand for family planning services. We used a Chi-square (χ2) Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) model to address the study objectives.Results: The results show that the number of living children a woman had was the most significant predictor of mDFPS. Women with one or more children, who were of Chewa, Lomwe, or Tumbuka ethnic origin and who resided in the central region had the highest mDFPS (87%). On the other hand, women with no children, and who were not exposed to FP information on television, had the lowest mDFPS (41%). Among women in union, ethnicity was the best predictor of mDFPS. Ngoni, Yao, and other ethnic minority women in union who were aged 15–19 and 40 years and above and those who were Catholic, SDA/Baptist, or Muslim had the lowest mDFPS (36%).Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant intra-urban disparities in demand for FP satisfied with modern contraceptives in Malawi. There is a need for policymakers and reproductive health practitioners to recognise these disparities and to prioritise the underserved groups identified in this study.

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