Interpregnancy intervals and women’s knowledge of the ideal timing between birth and conception

BackgroundShort interpregnancy intervals (IPIs) are associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. However, few studies have explored women’s understanding of ideal IPIs or investigated knowledge of the consequences of short IPIs.MethodsWe performed a prospective questionnaire-based study at two hospitals in Sydney, Australia. We recruited women attending antenatal clinics and collected demographic data, actual IPI, ideal IPI, contraceptive use, and education provided on birth-spacing and contraception following a previous live birth. We explored associations between an IPI <12 months and a selection of demographic and health variables.ResultsData were collected from 467 women, of whom 344 were pregnant following a live birth. Overall, 72 (20.9%) women had an IPI <12 months only 7.5% of whom believed this was ideal, and the remaining stating their ideal IPI was over 12 months (52.3%) or they had no ideal IPI (40.3%). IPI <12 months following a live birth was significantly associated with younger age (p=0.043) but not with ethnicity, relationship status, education, religion, parity nor previous mode of delivery. IPI <12 months was associated with non-use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) (p<0.001), breastfeeding <12 months (p=0.041) and shorter ideal IPI (p=0.03). Less than half of the women (43.3%, n=149) reported having received advice about IPI and less than half about postnatal contraception (44.2%, n=147).ConclusionsYounger age and non-use of LARC are significantly associated with IPIs <12 months. A minority of women with a short IPI perceived it to be ideal. Prevention of short IPIs could be achieved with improved access to postnatal contraception.

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Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Spontaneous Twins versus Twins Conceived By Ovulation Induction and Assisted Reproductive Techniques: A Cross-Section Study

Journal of Gynecology Research Reviews & Reports ◽

10.47363/jgrrr/2021(3)126 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Diana Yousif Rashid ◽

◽

Shahla Kareem Alalaf ◽

Mohammed Yousif Rashid ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽

Twin Pregnancy ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Twin Pregnancies ◽

Second Twin

Twin pregnancies have a higher perinatal mortality and morbidity and increased obstetrical complications compared with singleton pregnancies, and assisted reproduction techniques (ART) have increased twin pregnancy rates. This study was performed to compare perinatal and obstetric outcomes of dichorionic twin pregnancy following ART with those from spontaneous pregnancy. This cross-sectional study was performed in the Erbil Maternity Teaching Hospital. Two-hundred dichorionic twin pregnancies were classified into two groups: spontaneous (n = 121) and ART (n = 79) groups. Basic criteria included demographic data, gestational age, mode of delivery, pregnancy complications (preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm labor, anemia, blood transfusion, postpartum hemorrhage), neonatal outcomes (weight, first and fifth minute Apgar score, neonatal intensive care unit admission, respiratory distress, and sepsis). The rates of pregnancy induced by hypertension, gestational diabetes, and pre-labor preterm rupture of membrane were significantly higher in the ART group, but postpartum hemorrhage, blood transfusion, anemia, were not significantly different. The majority of women in the ART group delivered by caesarean section. The risks of preterm birth, low neonatal birth weight and congenital malformation, and moderately depressed Apgar scores were higher in the ART group, while no significant differences were detected regarding other outcomes. In our study, the second twin had a worse outcome compared with the first twin in both groups of conception. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were poorer in the ART group. The second twin had a worse outcome compared with the first twin in both groups.

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Size Matters: Contemporary use of the IUD

Current Opinion in Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.18314/cogo.v1i1.1145 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elliot M Levine ◽

Carlos M Fernandez

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Young Women ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Contraceptive Device ◽

Nulliparous Women ◽

Intrauterine Contraceptive ◽

Long Acting ◽

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive ◽

Selection Of

Long-acting reversible contraceptive choices are becoming more popular among young women, and providers may need to keep in mind those methods that are likely to be most successful. The dimensions of the uterine cavity vary according to the parity of a user, with the nulliparous woman having a smaller uterine space. With the known intrauterine contraceptive device side effects being possible, and with smaller such devices being clinically available for patients, selection of those smaller devices for contraceptive use may be more ideal for those younger nulliparous women. In this way, complications with this method may possibly be avoided.

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Meta-Analysis: The Influence of Knowledge, Education, and Husband's Support on The Selection of Long Acting Contraception Methods

Jurnal Berkala Kesehatan ◽

10.20527/jbk.v7i2.10812 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 124

Author(s):

Nurul Aulia Rahmi ◽

Izaak Zoelkarnain Akbar ◽

Bahrul Ilmi ◽

Meitria Syahadatina Noor ◽

Rosihan Adhani

Keyword(s):

Birth Control ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Growth Control ◽

Married Women ◽

Data Synthesis ◽

Demographic Survey ◽

Effective Contraception ◽

Long Acting ◽

Selection Of

The population is expected to increase by 8,5 billion persons in 2030 and 10,9 billion persons in 2100, population is growing at a rate of around 1,1% per year. One of population growth control by birth control with contraception. The most effective contraception is long-acting contraception, however, on IDHS (Indonesian Health Demographic Survey) only 13% of currently married women use long-acting contraception. Many factors affect contraceptive use among married women, such as knowledge, education, and husband’s support. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge, education, and husband's support on the selection of MKJP. This study used meta-analysis with the search engines by Google scholar, PUBMED, science direct, and ProQuest. The study was selected using PRISMA and it was evaluated by AMSTAR. Data synthesis was conducted by STATA 16.0. The results of this study obtained by knowledge [OR = 0,99; 95% Cl : 0,90-1,08, p = 0,000; I2 = 74,8%], education [OR = 0,84; 95% Cl : 0,77-0,92, p = 0,000; I2 = 86,3%], and husband’s [OR = 0,94; 95% Cl : 0,69-1,20, p = 0,000; I2 = 81,5%]. This means that knowledge, education, and husband’s support have an impact on the use of long-acting contraception.

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The Safety of Low-Dose Aspirin on the Mode of Delivery: Secondary Analysis of the Effect of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction Randomized Controlled Trial

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718581 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Allison A. Eubanks ◽

Carrie J. Nobles ◽

Sunni L. Mumford ◽

Keewan Kim ◽

Micah J. Hill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Live Birth ◽

Low Dose ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Clinical Effects ◽

Dose Aspirin ◽

Low Dose Aspirin ◽

Intent To Treat

Objective This study aimed to examine whether prenatal low-dose aspirin (LDA) therapy affects risk of cesarean versus vaginal delivery. Study Design This study is a secondary analysis of the randomized clinical effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction (EAGeR) trial. Women received 81-mg daily aspirin or placebo from preconception to 36 weeks of gestation. Mode of delivery and obstetric complications were abstracted from records. Log-binomial regression models estimated relative risk (RR) of cesarean versus vaginal delivery. Data were analyzed among the total preconception cohort, as well as restricted to women who had a live birth. Results Among 1,228 women, 597 had a live birth. In the intent-to-treat analysis, preconception-initiated LDA was not associated with risk of cesarean (RR = 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.07) compared with placebo. Findings were similar in just women with a live birth and when accounting prior cesarean delivery and parity. Conclusion Preconception-initiated daily LDA was not associated with mode of delivery among women with one to two prior losses. Key Points

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How birth outcomes among a cohort of Guatemalan women with a history of prior cesarean vary by mode or birth across different interpregnancy intervals

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-021-01153-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Margo S. Harrison ◽

Ana Garces ◽

Lester Figueroa ◽

Jamie Westcott ◽

Michael Hambidge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Vaginal Birth ◽

Global Network ◽

Vaginal Birth After Cesarean ◽

Cesarean Birth ◽

Dilation And Curettage ◽

History Of ◽

Interpregnancy Intervals ◽

Hospital Births

Abstract Objectives Our objectives were to analyze how pregnancy outcomes varied by cesarean birth as compared to vaginal birth across varying interpregnancy intervals (IPI) and determine if IPI modified mode of birth. Methods This secondary analysis used data from a prospective registry of home and hospital births in Chimaltenango, Guatemala from January 2017 through April 2020, through the Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research. Bivariate comparisons and multivariable logistic regression were used to answer our study question, and the data was analyzed with STATA software v.15.1. Results Of 26,465 Guatemalan women enrolled in the registry, 2794 (10.6%) had a history of prior cesarean. 560 (20.1%) women delivered by vaginal birth after cesarean with the remaining 2,233 (79.9%) delivered by repeat cesarean. Repeat cesarean reduced the risk of needing a dilation and curettage compared to vaginal birth after cesarean, but this association did not vary by IPI, all p-values > p = 0.05. Repeat cesarean delivery, as compared to vaginal birth after cesarean, significantly reduced the likelihood a woman breastfeeding within one hour of birth (AOR ranged from 0.009 to 0.10), but IPI was not associated with the outcome. Regarding stillbirth, repeat cesarean birth reduced the likelihood of stillbirth as compared to vaginal birth (AOR 0.2), but again IPI was not associated with the outcome. Conclusion Outcomes by mode of delivery among a Guatemalan cohort of women with a history of prior cesarean birth do not vary by IPI.

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Factors associated with long-acting and short-acting reversible contraceptive use in Ethiopia: an analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care ◽

10.1080/13625187.2020.1795116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 350-358

Author(s):

Alexandra Stonehill ◽

Sebawit G. Bishu ◽

Henock B. Taddese

Keyword(s):

Health Survey ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Short Acting ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Long Acting

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Contraception in Adolescents

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1735629 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shandhini Raidoo ◽

Marit Pearlman Shapiro ◽

Bliss Kaneshiro

Keyword(s):

Contraceptive Use ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

The United States ◽

Sexually Active ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Contraceptive Counseling ◽

Unscheduled Bleeding ◽

Long Acting ◽

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

AbstractAdolescents are at risk for unwanted pregnancy when they become sexually active, and contraception is an important part of mitigating this risk. Use of contraceptive methods, and long-acting reversible contraceptive methods such as implants and intrauterine devices in particular, has increased among adolescents. Although sexual activity has declined and contraceptive use has increased among adolescents in the United States in recent years, the unintended pregnancy rate remains high. All of the currently available contraceptive methods are safe and effective for adolescents to use; however, adolescents may have specific concerns about side effect profiles and unscheduled bleeding that should be addressed during contraceptive counseling. Healthcare providers should prioritize adolescents' needs and preferences when approaching contraceptive counseling, and also consider the unique access and confidentiality issues that adolescents face when accessing contraception.

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Effects of immediate postpartum contraceptive counseling on long-acting reversible contraceptive use in adolescents

Adolescent Health Medicine and Therapeutics ◽

10.2147/ahmt.s148434 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol Volume 8 ◽

pp. 115-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kasemsis Kaewkiattikun

Keyword(s):

Contraceptive Use ◽

Contraceptive Counseling ◽

Long Acting ◽

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive

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Live birth following the first mutation specific pre-implantation genetic diagnosis for haemophilia A

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th05-08-0574 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 95 (02) ◽

pp. 373-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Edward Tuddenham ◽

Cathy Turner ◽

Ben Lavender ◽

Stuart Lavery ◽

Katerina Michaelides

Keyword(s):

Live Birth ◽

Genetic Diagnosis ◽

Proteinase K ◽

Amplification Efficiency ◽

Haemophilia A ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

History Of ◽

First Time ◽

Selection Of

SummaryHaemophilia A is an X-linked, recessive, inherited bleeding disorder which affects 1 in 5000 males born worldwide. It is caused by mutations in the FactorVIII (F8) gene on chromosome Xq28. We describe for the first time two mutation specific, single cell protocols for pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of haemophilia A that enable the selection of both male and female unaffected embryos. This approach offers an alternative to sexing, frequently used for X-linked disorders, that results in the discarding of all male embryos including the 50% that would have been normal. Two families witha history of severe haemophilia A requested carrier diagnosis and subsequently proceeded to PGD. The mutation in family1 isa single nucleotide substitution c. 5953C>T, R1966X in exon 18 and in family 2, c. 5122C>T, R1689C in exon 14 of the F8 gene. Amplification efficiency was compared between distilled water and SDS/proteinase K cell lysis (98.0%, 96/98 and 80%, 112/140 respectively) using 238 single lymphocytes. Blastomeres from spare IVF cleavage-stage embryos donated for research showed amplification efficiencies of 83.3% (45/54) for the R1966X and 92.9% (13/14) for the R1689C mutations. The rate of allele dropout (ADO) on heterozygous lymphocytes was 1.1% (1/93) for R1966X and 5.94% (6/101) for R1689C mutations. A single PGD treatment cycle for family1 resulted in two embryos for transfer but these failed to implant. However, with family 2, two embryos were transferred to the uterus on day 4 resulting in a successful singleton pregnancy and subsequent live birth of a normal non-carrier female.

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