Dextran and postoperative thromboembolism

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Dextran 70 ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Reduce Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Increase Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Deep Vein

Two preparations of dextran have been tried for prevention of venous thromboembolic disease, dextran-40 (average m. w. 40,000) and dextran-70 (average m.w. 70,000). Dextrans reduce platelet aggregation and lower blood viscosity.1 Dextran may also reduce the peri-operative rise in the coagulation factors V and VIII.2 However, in some tests dextrans increase platelet aggregation3 and accelerate fibrin formation,4 so that only clinical trial can show whether dextran reduces the incidence of either deep-vein thrombosis or of pulmonary embolism.

scholarly journals Description of selected diagnostic tools in assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Renata Piotrkowska ◽  
Piotr Jarzynkowski ◽  
Janina Książek
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein

AbstractIntroduction. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and its most severe complication, pulmonary embolism (PE) is an interdisciplinary medical problem. Despite a wealth of knowledge, pulmonary embolism is the cause of about 10% of deaths among hospitalized patients and the most common factor which can be prevented. Therefore correct, rapid diagnosis of the patient’s assessment of the risk of sudden death and the quick implementation of treatment are essential to reduce mortality in this disease and prevent its distant complications.Aim of the study. The aim of this paper is to discuss on the basis of Polish and world literature the selected diagnostic tools in assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic disease.

The accuracy of the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in patients with prior venous thromboembolic disease or severe varicose veins

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Harris ◽  
Arthur C. Waltman ◽  
Christos Athanasoulis ◽  
Sara Jane Wessinger ◽  
Edwin W. Salzman
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein

The ACE D/D genotype is protective against the development of idiopathic deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 829-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Rodger ◽  
Melissa Forgie ◽  
Nicole Langlois ◽  
Linlea Armstrong ◽  
Nancy Carson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Prothrombin G20210a ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Postoperative Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryThe deletion/deletion (D/D) genotype of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) has been purported to be a risk for postoperative thrombosis. This D/D genotype has not been evaluated as a risk factor for idiopathic venous thromboembolism (VTE).The primary objective of the present study was to determine whether the D/D genotype of ACE is independently associated with the occurrence of idiopathic venous thromboembolic disease.We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with at least one objectively confirmed idiopathic VTE. Friends of cases were recruited as controls and matched to cases by sex, ethnicity, and age. Patients were tested for the ACE I/D polymorphism in addition to factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and factor VIII levels.Three hundred cases and 300 controls were enrolled; 97% were Caucasian. There were 148 females and 152 males in each group with a mean age of 56.21 years (SD=15.33). The ACE D/D genotype was present in 25.3% of cases and 32.4% of controls for an adjusted odds ratio of 0.66 (95% CI = 0.433 to 0.997). We can conclude that the ACE D/D genotype is protective against idiopathic venous thromboembolism.

scholarly journals Studies on the Effects of Smoking on Vmous Thromboembolic Disease

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Pollock ◽  
M.J. Lewis ◽  
D.K. Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein

It has been suggested that smoking protects against the development of deep vein thrombosis following myocardial infarction, although large studies on the effects of smoking have generally failed to show any association with venous thromboembolic disease.In a preliminary survey of patients attending an anticoagulant clinic, fewer male smokers, and more female smokers than expected, were attending after a deep vein thrombosis. Further analysis of these results, suggested that they were due, at least in part, to factors other than smoking, and a larger study was undertaken to compare the incidence of smoking in patients who had had a deep vein thrombosis, with that in the hospital outpatient population as a whole. No differences in smoking habits were found “between these groups, but small differences were observed between various groups of patients with venous thromboembolism, e.g. myocardial infarction was listed as a predisposing cause, more often than expected in male non-smokers.Thus, while smoking may effect the development of deep vein thrombosis in particular situations, e.g. after myocardial infarction, this study has failed to show any significant influence on venous thrombosis in general.

scholarly journals Recurrence of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to COVID-19

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Yesha H. Parekh ◽  
Nicole J. Altomare ◽  
Erin P. McDonnell ◽  
Martin J. Blaser ◽  
Payal D. Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leading to COVID-19 induces hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable states, resulting in arterial and venous thromboembolic events. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been well reported in COVID-19 patients. While most DVTs occur in a lower extremity, involvement of the upper extremity is uncommon. In this report, we describe the first reported patient with an upper extremity DVT recurrence secondary to COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Screening for Cancer in Patients with Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 042-047
Author(s):  
Marc Blondon
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Risk Assessment Models ◽  
Occult Cancer ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Active Cancer

AbstractActive cancer causes approximately 25% of all acute events of venous thromboembolism (VTE). While most of the cancer diagnoses are known or clinically apparent at the time of VTE, care providers and patients may be worried about the 3 to 8% risk of occult cancer occurring in the year after VTE. Several studies have compared limited to extensive cancer screening after acute VTE, especially with the addition of abdominal computed tomography (CT) or whole-body PET-CT, with the hope to shorten the time to cancer diagnosis and lead to less advanced cancer stages. These studies have not shown improved clinical outcomes with an extensive screening, and have led to current recommendations of limited screening for cancer in patients with acute VTE, including unprovoked cases. Several risk assessment models have been developed to identify patients at greatest risk of occult cancer, however, with low discriminative performances and no current clinical usefulness. Some clinical situations may empirically deserve a more thorough cancer screening, such as unprovoked upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), bilateral leg DVT, descending leg DVT, or recurrent VTE during anticoagulation.

Changes in the Levels of Soluble Adhesion Molecules and Coagulation Factors in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1593-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Quarmby ◽  
M. Collins ◽  
S. M. Lockhart ◽  
K. G. Burnand ◽  
A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Soluble Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Hip Replacement Surgery ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Circulating Levels

SummaryCurrent biochemical markers of thrombosis, such as d-dimer, are of little value in demonstrating the presence of thrombus postoperatively, as their levels are elevated by surgery. Thrombosis involves adhesive interactions between the endothelium, platelets and leukocytes. The aim of the study was to determine which of a panel of haemostatic and adhesion factors are altered by the presence of thrombus, but not by surgery. These factors were measured in 20 patients with established spontaneous DVTs, 13 patients having hip replacement surgery and 28 control patients. Circulating levels of P-selectin, VCAM-1 and tissue factor were found to be increased when thrombus was present (p <0.018, p <0.0001, p <0.0028 respectively), but were not altered by surgery. The significance of these circulating factors in venous thrombosis remains to be established, but it is conceivable that they are the product of increased leukocyte trafficking and activity. Assay of VCAM-1, in particular, may be of use in the early detection of venous thrombi in postoperative patients.

scholarly journals ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN THE TREATMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS: FOCUS ON APIXABAN

2017 ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Gilyarov ◽  
E. V. Konstantinova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonist ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common condition associated with a significant clinical and economic burden. Anticoagulant therapy is the mainstay of treatment for VTE. Current guidelines recommend the use of either low molecular weight heparins or fondaparinux overlapping with and followed by a vitamin K antagonist for the initial treatment of VTE, with the vitamin K antagonist continued when long-term anticoagulation is required. These traditional anticoagulants have practical limitations that have led to the development of direct oral anticoagulants that directly target either Factor Xa or thrombin and are administered at a fixed dose without the need for routine coagulation monitoring. The paper reviews results of the trials of apixaban application for treatment and/or long-term secondary prevention of VTE. The paper analyses effectiveness and safety of apixaban in different groups of patients, as well as features of apixaban application in every day practice.

Prophylaxis Against Postoperative Thromboembolic Complications. A Comparison Between Dextran 70, Dihydroergotamin Heparin and a Sulphated Polysaccarid

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bergqvist ◽  
T. Hallböök ◽  
B. Lindblad
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Hip Surgery ◽  
Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Dextran 70 ◽  
Postoperative Thrombosis ◽  
Fibrinogen Test ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Low Dose Heparin

Dextran 70, a fixed combination of dihydroergotamine and low dose heparin (DHEH) and a sulphated polysaccarid (PZ68B) have been compared for prevention of postoperative thromboembolism. The trial has been prospective with separate randomization of patients undergoing elective general surgery, elective hip surgery and hip frecture surgery. Deep vein thrombosis has teen diagnosed with the 125 I-fibrinogen test. In patients undergoing elective hip surgery pulmonary x-ray and perfusion scintigraphy have been made preoperatively and on postoperative day 7, The patients have been followed for 30 days to detect late fatal pulmonary emboli. 253 patients have been studied -(34 exclusions), the main results being as follows:In conclusion there is a good and equal prophylactic effect against postoperative thrombosis of DHEH and PZ68E in elective surgery, and the two methods are as effective as dextran 70 in hip fracture patients.

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