Bed sores

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Pressure Sores ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
Prolonged Sitting ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Bed Sores ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Bed sores occur in patients immobilised because of age or disease. Sores are due to damage by direct or shearing pressure on the blood vessels in the muscles, fat and skin overlying bony points, especially when there is loss of superficial sensation, poor nutrition or soiling with urine or faeces. Tissue damage can occur within hours. The heels and sacral areas are most susceptible, but contractures and other deformities may predispose to necrosis at other pressure areas such as the elbow or greater trochanter. Pressure sores can also develop through prolonged sitting. Patients with bed sores take up to 50% longer to nurse than they would take without bed sores.1 Controlled trials are difficult to perform, and critical publications on the prevention and treatment of bed sores are few.2–4

scholarly journals PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF BED-SORES

BMJ ◽  
1939 ◽  
Vol 1 (4083) ◽  
pp. 737-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Z. Cope
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Bed Sores

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine for Coronary Artery Disease Treatment: Clinical Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liang ◽  
Ning Gu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Jadad Score ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Artery Disease

Traditional Chinese medicine has a history of more than 2,000 years and has been widely used in clinical practice. However, due to the lack of a reliable scientific basis, the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease is not clear. At present, the existing randomized controlled trials about traditional Chinese medicine for coronary artery disease have defects, small sample sizes, and different results, so it is difficult to make a clear conclusion on the actual advantages and disadvantages of traditional Chinese medicine. In this review, the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease were systematically evaluated through randomized controlled trials, most of which were double-blind trials. We reviewed 17 randomized controlled trials that included a total of 11,726 coronary artery disease patients. The methodological quality of the trials was generally high, with nine (52.94%) having a modified Jadad score of 7 and only three (17.65%) having a modified Jadad score of <3. There are 16 trials (94.12%) reporting safety; the safety of traditional Chinese medicine seems not to be inferior to that of mimetic, placebo, or western medications. Moreover, the results from 17 randomized controlled trials (100.00%) showed that traditional Chinese medicine can be applied as a complementary and alternative method to the primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease, and only six trials (35.29%) described adverse cardiovascular events specifically. However, it is necessary to assess the safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating coronary artery disease with long-term hard endpoints.

scholarly journals Guideline for the Management of Clostridium Difficile Infection in Children and Adolescents With Cancer and Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation Recipients

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (31) ◽  
pp. 3162-3171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Diorio ◽  
Paula D. Robinson ◽  
Roland A. Ammann ◽  
Elio Castagnola ◽  
Kelley Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Purpose The aim of this work was to develop a clinical practice guideline for the prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in children and adolescents with cancer and pediatric hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. Methods An international multidisciplinary panel of experts in pediatric oncology and infectious diseases with patient advocate representation was convened. We performed systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials for the prevention or treatment of CDI in any population and considered the directness of the evidence to children with cancer and pediatric HSCT patients. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to generate recommendations. Results The panel made strong recommendations to administer either oral metronidazole or oral vancomycin for the initial treatment of nonsevere CDI and oral vancomycin for the initial treatment of severe CDI. Fidaxomicin may be considered in the setting of recurrent CDI. The panel suggested that probiotics not be routinely used for the prevention of CDI, and that monoclonal antibodies and probiotics not be routinely used for the treatment of CDI. A strong recommendation to not use fecal microbiota transplantation was made in this population. We identified key knowledge gaps and suggested directions for future research. Conclusion We present a guideline for the prevention and treatment of CDI in children and adolescents with cancer and pediatric HSCT patients. Future research should include randomized controlled trials that involve children with cancer and pediatric HSCT patients to improve the management of CDI in this population.

Rheomacrodex

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Lower Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

Dextrans are chain polymers of glucose of high molecular weight, which are produced when certain bacteria are incubated with sucrose solution. Solutions of dextrans of high or low molecular weight may be extracted. Dextrans of high molecular weight (75,000 – 200,000) are used as plasma volume expanders (e. g. Intradex - Glaxo; Dextraven - Benger), and dextrans of lower molecular weight (40,000) are claimed to be useful in improving flow by preventing any tendency that red cells have to clump and block small blood vessels (Rheomacrodex - Pharmacia). Such clumping of red cells may occur after tissue damage; it is sometimes called sludging of blood.

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