scholarly journals Inflammatory bowel disease increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study 1977–2014

Gut ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Villumsen ◽  
Susana Aznar ◽  
Bente Pakkenberg ◽  
Tine Jess ◽  
Tomasz Brudek
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Gi Inflammation ◽  
Danish National Patient Register

ObjectiveIntestinal inflammation has been suggested to play a role in development of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). To test the hypothesis that IBD is associated with risk of PD and MSA, we performed a nationwide population-based cohort study.DesignThe cohort consisted of all individuals diagnosed with IBD in Denmark during 1977–2014 (n=76 477) and non-IBD individuals from the general population, who were comparable in terms of gender, age and vital status (n=7 548 259). All cohort members were followed from IBD diagnosis/index date to occurrence of PD and MSA (according to the Danish National Patient Register).ResultsPatients with IBD had a 22% increased risk of PD as compared with non-IBD individuals (HR=1.22; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.35). The increased risk was present independently of age at IBD diagnosis, gender or length of follow-up. The overall incidence of MSA was low in our study, and the regression analysis suggested a tendency towards higher risk of developing MSA in patients with IBD as compared with non-IBD individuals (HR=1.41; 95% CI 0.82 to 2.44). Estimates were similar for women and men. The increased risk of parkinsonism was significantly higher among patients with UC (HR=1.35; 95% CI 1.20 to 1.52) and not significantly different among patients with Crohn’s disease (HR=1.12; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.40).ConclusionsThis nationwide, unselected, cohort study shows a significant association between IBD and later occurrence of PD, which is consistent with recent basic scientific findings of a potential role of GI inflammation in development of parkinsonian disorders.

scholarly journals Associations between concussion and risk of diagnosis of psychological and neurological disorders: a retrospective population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e000390
Author(s):  
Marc P Morissette ◽  
Heather J Prior ◽  
Robert B Tate ◽  
John Wade ◽  
Jeff R S Leiter
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveTo investigate associations between concussion and the risk of follow-up diagnoses of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mood and anxiety disorders (MADs), dementia and Parkinson’s disease.DesignA retrospective population-based cohort study.SettingAdministrative health data for the Province of Manitoba between 1990–1991 and 2014–2015.ParticipantsA total of 47 483 individuals were diagnosed with a concussion using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes (ICD-9-CM: 850; ICD-10-CA: S06.0). All concussed subjects were matched with healthy controls at a 3:1 ratio based on age, sex and geographical location. Associations between concussion and conditions of interest diagnosed later in life were assessed using a stratified Cox proportional hazards regression model, with adjustments for socioeconomic status and pre-existing medical conditions.Results28 021 men (mean age ±SD, 25±18 years) and 19 462 women (30±21 years) were included in the concussion group, while 81 871 men (25±18 years) and 57 159 women (30±21 years) were included in the matched control group. Concussion was associated with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.39 (95% CI 1.32 to 1.46, p<0.001) for ADHD, 1.72 (95% CI 1.69 to 1.76; p<0.001) for MADs, 1.72 (95% CI 1.61 to 1.84; p<0.001) for dementia and 1.57 (95% CI 1.41 to 1.75; p<0.001) for Parkinson’s disease.ConclusionConcussion was associated with an increased risk of diagnosis for all four conditions of interest later in life.

scholarly journals Increased risk of Parkinson’s disease following tension-type headache: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2148-2157
Author(s):  
Fu-Chi Yang ◽  
Hsuan-Ju Chen ◽  
Jiunn-Tay Lee ◽  
Sy-Jou Chen ◽  
Yueh-Feng Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Type Headache

scholarly journals Is LRRK2 the missing link between inflammatory bowel disease and Parkinson’s disease?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Herrick ◽  
Malú G. Tansey
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Peripheral Immune Cells

AbstractLinks that implicate the gastrointestinal system in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis and progression have become increasingly common. PD shares several similarities with Crohn’s disease (CD). Intestinal inflammation is common in both PD and CD and is hypothesized to contribute to PD neuropathology. Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are one of the greatest genetic contributors to PD. Variants in LRRK2 have also been associated with increased incidence of CD. Since its discovery, LRRK2 has been studied intensely in neurons, despite multiple lines of evidence showing that LRRK2 is highly expressed in immune cells. Based on the fact that higher levels of LRRK2 are detectable in inflamed colonic tissue from CD patients and in peripheral immune cells from sporadic PD patients relative to matched controls, we posit that LRRK2 regulates inflammatory processes. Therefore, LRRK2 may sit at a crossroads whereby gut inflammation and higher LRRK2 levels in CD may be a biomarker of increased risk for sporadic PD and/or may represent a tractable therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases that increase risk for PD. Here we will focus on reviewing how PD and CD share overlapping phenotypes, particularly in terms of LRRK2 in the context of the immune system, that could be targeted in future therapies.

scholarly journals Sleep disorders and an increased risk of Parkinson's disease in individuals with non-apnea sleep disorders: a population-based cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Han Hsiao ◽  
Yung-Tai Chen ◽  
Ching-Ming Tseng ◽  
Li-An Wu ◽  
Diahn-Warng Perng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Periodontal inflammatory disease is associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a population-based retrospective matched-cohort study

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Kai Chen ◽  
Yung-Tsan Wu ◽  
Yu-Chao Chang
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Background The cause−effect relation between periodontal inflammatory disease (PID) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains uncertain. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between PID and PD. Methods We conducted a retrospective matched-cohort study by using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 5,396 patients with newly diagnosed PID during 1997–2004 and 10,792 cases without PID by matching sex, age, index of year (occurrence of PID), and comorbidity. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate the risk of subsequent PD. Results At the final follow-up, a total of 176 (3.26%) and 275 (2.55%) individuals developed PD in the case and control groups, respectively. Patients with PID have a higher risk of developing PD (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.431, 95% CI [1.141–1.794], p = 0.002). Discussion Our results show that PID is associated with an increased risk of developing PD. Whilst these findings suggest that reducing PID may modify the risk of developing PD, further study will be needed.

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