International variation in oesophageal and gastric cancer survival 2012–2014: differences by histological subtype and stage at diagnosis (an ICBP SURVMARK-2 population-based study)

ObjectiveTo provide the first international comparison of oesophageal and gastric cancer survival by stage at diagnosis and histological subtype across high-income countries with similar access to healthcare.MethodsAs part of the ICBP SURVMARK-2 project, data from 28 923 patients with oesophageal cancer and 25 946 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed during 2012–2014 from 14 cancer registries in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and the UK) were included. 1-year and 3-year age-standardised net survival were estimated by stage at diagnosis, histological subtype (oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)) and country.ResultsOesophageal cancer survival was highest in Ireland and lowest in Canada at 1 (50.3% vs 41.3%, respectively) and 3 years (27.0% vs 19.2%) postdiagnosis. Survival from gastric cancer was highest in Australia and lowest in the UK, for both 1-year (55.2% vs 44.8%, respectively) and 3-year survival (33.7% vs 22.3%). Most patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer had regional or distant disease, with proportions ranging between 56% and 90% across countries. Stage-specific analyses showed that variation between countries was greatest for localised disease, where survival ranged between 66.6% in Australia and 83.2% in the UK for oesophageal cancer and between 75.5% in Australia and 94.3% in New Zealand for gastric cancer at 1-year postdiagnosis. While survival for OAC was generally higher than that for OSCC, disparities across countries were similar for both histological subtypes.ConclusionSurvival from oesophageal and gastric cancer varies across high-income countries including within stage groups, particularly for localised disease. Disparities can partly be explained by earlier diagnosis resulting in more favourable stage distributions, and distributions of histological subtypes of oesophageal cancer across countries. Yet, differences in treatment, and also in cancer registration practice and the use of different staging methods and systems, across countries may have impacted the comparisons. While primary prevention remains key, advancements in early detection research are promising and will likely allow for additional risk stratification and survival improvements in the future.

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International differences in lung cancer survival by sex, histological type and stage at diagnosis: an ICBP SURVMARK-2 Study

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216555 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. thoraxjnl-2020-216555

Author(s):

Marzieh Araghi ◽

Miranda Fidler-Benaoudia ◽

Melina Arnold ◽

Mark Rutherford ◽

Aude Bardot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

New Zealand ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Small Cell ◽

Histological Type ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

International Differences ◽

One Year ◽

The Uk ◽

Survival Differences

IntroductionLung cancer has a poor prognosis that varies internationally when assessed by the two major histological subgroups (non-small cell (NSCLC) and small cell (SCLC)).Method236 114 NSCLC and 43 167 SCLC cases diagnosed during 2010–2014 in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and the UK were included in the analyses. One-year and 3-year age-standardised net survival (NS) was estimated by sex, histological type, stage and country.ResultsOne-year and 3-year NS was consistently higher for Canada and Norway, and lower for the UK, New Zealand and Ireland, irrespective of stage at diagnosis. Three-year NS for NSCLC ranged from 19.7% for the UK to 27.1% for Canada for men and was consistently higher for women (25.3% in the UK; 35.0% in Canada) partly because men were diagnosed at more advanced stages. International differences in survival for NSCLC were largest for regional stage and smallest at the advanced stage. For SCLC, 3-year NS also showed a clear female advantage with the highest being for Canada (13.8% for women; 9.1% for men) and Norway (12.8% for women; 9.7% for men).ConclusionDistribution of stage at diagnosis among lung cancer cases differed by sex, histological subtype and country, which may partly explain observed survival differences. Yet, survival differences were also observed within stages, suggesting that quality of treatment, healthcare system factors and prevalence of comorbid conditions may also influence survival. Other possible explanations include differences in data collection practice, as well as differences in histological verification, staging and coding across jurisdictions.

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International trends in oesophageal cancer survival by histological subtype between 1995 and 2014

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321089 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. gutjnl-2020-321089 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eileen Morgan ◽

Isabelle Soerjomataram ◽

Anna T Gavin ◽

Mark J Rutherford ◽

Piers Gatenby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Oesophageal Cancer ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Comparisons ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

International Trends ◽

Younger Age ◽

The Uk

IntroductionSurvival from oesophageal cancer remains poor, even across high-income countries. Ongoing changes in the epidemiology of the disease highlight the need for survival assessments by its two main histological subtypes, adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsThe ICBP SURVMARK-2 project, a platform for international comparisons of cancer survival, collected cases of oesophageal cancer diagnosed 1995 to 2014, followed until 31st December 2015, from cancer registries covering seven participating countries with similar access to healthcare (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and the UK). 1-year and 3-year age-standardised net survival alongside incidence rates were calculated by country, subtype, sex, age group and period of diagnosis.Results111 894 cases of AC and 73 408 cases of SCC were included in the analysis. Marked improvements in survival were observed over the 20-year period in each country, particularly for AC, younger age groups and 1 year after diagnosis. Survival was consistently higher for both subtypes in Australia and Ireland followed by Norway, Denmark, New Zealand, the UK and Canada. During 2010 to 2014, survival was higher for AC compared with SCC, with 1-year survival ranging from 46.9% (Canada) to 54.4% (Ireland) for AC and 39.6% (Denmark) to 53.1% (Australia) for SCC.ConclusionMarked improvements in both oesophageal AC and SCC survival suggest advances in treatment. Less marked improvements 3 years after diagnosis, among older age groups and patients with SCC, highlight the need for further advances in early detection and treatment of oesophageal cancer alongside primary prevention to reduce the overall burden from the disease.

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Colon and rectal cancer survival in seven high-income countries 2010–2014: variation by age and stage at diagnosis (the ICBP SURVMARK-2 project)

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 114-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marzieh Araghi ◽

Melina Arnold ◽

Mark J Rutherford ◽

Marianne Grønlie Guren ◽

Citadel J Cabasag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Metastatic Disease ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

High Income ◽

Cancer Registration ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Net Survival ◽

Colon And Rectal Cancer ◽

Staging Systems

ObjectivesAs part of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) SURVMARK-2 project, we provide the most recent estimates of colon and rectal cancer survival in seven high-income countries by age and stage at diagnosis.MethodsData from 386 870 patients diagnosed during 2010–2014 from 19 cancer registries in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and the UK) were analysed. 1-year and 5-year net survival from colon and rectal cancer were estimated by stage at diagnosis, age and country,Results(One1-year) and 5-year net survival varied between (77.1% and 87.5%) 59.1% and 70.9% and (84.8% and 90.0%) 61.6% and 70.9% for colon and rectal cancer, respectively. Survival was consistently higher in Australia, Canada and Norway, with smaller proportions of patients with metastatic disease in Canada and Australia. International differences in (1-year) and 5-year survival were most pronounced for regional and distant colon cancer ranging between (86.0% and 94.1%) 62.5% and 77.5% and (40.7% and 56.4%) 8.0% and 17.3%, respectively. Similar patterns were observed for rectal cancer. Stage distribution of colon and rectal cancers by age varied across countries with marked survival differences for patients with metastatic disease and diagnosed at older ages (irrespective of stage).ConclusionsSurvival disparities for colon and rectal cancer across high-income countries are likely explained by earlier diagnosis in some countries and differences in treatment for regional and distant disease, as well as older age at diagnosis. Differences in cancer registration practice and different staging systems across countries may have impacted the comparisons.

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O6-2.2 What factors account for the ethnic disparities in stage at diagnosis and cervical cancer survival in New Zealand?

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech.2011.142976b.72 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A59-A59

Author(s):

N. Brewer ◽

L. Richiardi ◽

B. Borman ◽

N. Pearce

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

New Zealand ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Stage At Diagnosis

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Lung cancer survival and stage at diagnosis in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the UK: a population-based study, 2004–2007

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202297 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 551-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 215

Author(s):

Sarah Walters ◽

Camille Maringe ◽

Michel P Coleman ◽

Michael D Peake ◽

John Butler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Population Based ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Population Based Study ◽

The Uk ◽

Lung Cancer Survival

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Demographic Differences in Stage at Diagnosis and Cervical Cancer Survival in New Zealand, 1994–2005

Journal of Women s Health ◽

10.1089/jwh.2008.1163 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 955-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Naomi Brewer ◽

Neil Pearce ◽

Mona Jeffreys ◽

Paul White ◽

Lis Ellison-Loschmann

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

New Zealand ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Demographic Differences

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Stage at diagnosis and colorectal cancer survival in six high-income countries: A population-based study of patients diagnosed during 2000–2007

Acta Oncologica ◽

10.3109/0284186x.2013.764008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 919-932 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Camille Maringe ◽

Sarah Walters ◽

Bernard Rachet ◽

John Butler ◽

Tony Fields ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Population Based ◽

High Income ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Colorectal Cancer Survival

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Socio-demographic variation in stage at diagnosis of breast, bladder, colon, endometrial, lung, melanoma, prostate, rectal, renal and ovarian cancer in England and its population impact

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/s41416-021-01279-z ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. E. Barclay ◽

G. A. Abel ◽

David. C. Greenberg ◽

B. Rous ◽

G. Lyratzopoulos

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survival ◽

Stage I ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Cancer Site ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Demographic Differences ◽

Demographic Groups ◽

Population Impact ◽

The Uk ◽

Incident Cases

Abstract Background Stage at diagnosis strongly predicts cancer survival and understanding related inequalities could guide interventions. Methods We analysed incident cases diagnosed with 10 solid tumours included in the UK government target of 75% of patients diagnosed in TNM stage I/II by 2028. We examined socio-demographic differences in diagnosis at stage III/IV vs. I/II. Multiple imputation was used for missing stage at diagnosis (9% of tumours). Results Of the 202,001 cases, 57% were diagnosed in stage I/II (an absolute 18% ‘gap’ from the 75% target). The likelihood of diagnosis at stage III/IV increased in older age, though variably by cancer site, being strongest for prostate and endometrial cancer. Increasing level of deprivation was associated with advanced stage at diagnosis for all sites except lung and renal cancer. There were, inconsistent in direction, sex inequalities for four cancers. Eliminating socio-demographic inequalities would translate to 61% of patients with the 10 studied cancers being diagnosed at stage I/II, reducing the gap from target to 14%. Conclusions Potential elimination of socio-demographic inequalities in stage at diagnosis would make a substantial, though partial, contribution to achieving stage shift targets. Earlier diagnosis strategies should additionally focus on the whole population and not only the high-risk socio-demographic groups.

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