EPV238/#131 Impact of lymphadenectomy and intraoperative tumor rupture on survival in early stage mucinous ovarian cancers

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy as it is diagnosed at a late clinical stage in more than 80% of patients. The development of diagnostic tests that can detect all types of ovarian cancers with high specificity and sensitivity, and at an early stage would improve survival rates. Serum inhibin is an ovarian hormone involved in the regulation of fertility, decreasing to undetectable levels after menopause. Certain ovarian malignancies, such as mucinous carcinomas and granulosa cell tumors, continue to produce inhibin, which is detectable in serum. A test for serum inhibin has been developed which is able to diagnose granulosa cell tumors and mucinous carcinomas with high accuracy. When the inhibin assay is used in conjunction with the CA125 test, which detects epithelial ovarian carcinomas, the two tests detect the majority of ovarian cancers with high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (95%). This article discusses the application of the inhibin test in ovarian cancer.

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Microscopic and Early-Stage Ovarian Cancers in BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers: Building a Model for Early BRCA-Associated Tumorigenesis

Cancer Prevention Research ◽

10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0266 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 463-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Melinda S. Yates ◽

Larissa A. Meyer ◽

Michael T. Deavers ◽

Molly S. Daniels ◽

Elizabeth R. Keeler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Ovarian Cancers ◽

Mutation Carriers

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Early stage epithelial ovarian cancers: A study of morphologic prognostic factors

Pathology - Research and Practice ◽

10.1016/j.prp.2013.03.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 209 (6) ◽

pp. 359-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aysen Terzi ◽

Isıl Yıldız Aktaş ◽

Anıl Dolgun ◽

Ali Ayhan ◽

Türkan Küçükali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

Early Stage ◽

Ovarian Cancers

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Quantitative Analysis of the Expression of Human N-myristoyltransferase 1 (hNMT-1) in Cancers

The Open Biomarkers Journal ◽

10.2174/1875318300902010006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lifeng Chen ◽

Binbing Ling ◽

Jane Alcorn ◽

Jian Yang

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Covalent Attachment ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Protein Substrates ◽

Ovarian Cancers ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

Study Results ◽

Disease Stages ◽

Kidney Liver

Human N-myristoyltransferase 1 (hNMT-1) catalyzes the covalent attachment of myristic acid to N-terminal glycine residues (myristoylation) of numerous protein substrates. Overexpression of hNMT-1 in colorectal and gallbladder cancers makes it a potential biomarker and drug design target for such cancers. In this study, we investigated hNMT-1 expression during the progression of eight different human cancers using quantitative RT-PCR. The study results showed that hNMT-1 was up-regulated in breast, colon, lung and ovarian cancers but not kidney, liver, prostate and thyroid cancers. This suggests a role for hNMT-1 as a biomarker for detection of breast, colon, lung and ovarian cancers. This study also suggests the available hNMT-1 inhibitors may be potential therapeutic agents against breast and lung cancers through all disease stages, although their use would likely be limited to early stage colon and ovarian cancers.

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New Trends in the Detection of Gynecological Precancerous Lesions and Early-Stage Cancers

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13246339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 6339

Author(s):

Jitka Holcakova ◽

Martin Bartosik ◽

Milan Anton ◽

Lubos Minar ◽

Jitka Hausnerova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Major Complication ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Early Diagnostics ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Ovarian Cancers ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

New Biomarkers ◽

Key Aspects

The prevention and early diagnostics of precancerous stages are key aspects of contemporary oncology. In cervical cancer, well-organized screening and vaccination programs, especially in developed countries, are responsible for the dramatic decline of invasive cancer incidence and mortality. Cytological screening has a long and successful history, and the ongoing implementation of HPV triage with increased sensitivity can further decrease mortality. On the other hand, endometrial and ovarian cancers are characterized by a poor accessibility to specimen collection, which represents a major complication for early diagnostics. Therefore, despite relatively promising data from evaluating the combined effects of genetic variants, population screening does not exist, and the implementation of new biomarkers is, thus, necessary. The introduction of various circulating biomarkers is of potential interest due to the considerable heterogeneity of cancer, as highlighted in this review, which focuses exclusively on the most common tumors of the genital tract, namely, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. However, it is clearly shown that these malignancies represent different entities that evolve in different ways, and it is therefore necessary to use different methods for their diagnosis and treatment.

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Disease-Specific Survival of Type I and Type II Epithelial Ovarian Cancers—Stage Challenges Categorical Assignments of Indolence & Aggressiveness

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10020056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Edward J. Pavlik ◽

Christopher Smith ◽

Taylor S. Dennis ◽

Elizabeth Harvey ◽

Bin Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Stage ◽

Early Stage ◽

Rank Test ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Disease Specific Survival ◽

Ovarian Cancers ◽

Seer Data ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Disease Specific

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) consist of several sub-types based on histology, clinical, molecular and epidemiological features that are termed “histo-types”, which can be categorized into less aggressive Type I and more aggressive Type II malignancies. This investigation evaluated the disease-specific survival (DSS) of women with Type I and II EOC using histo-type, grade, and stage. A total of 47,789 EOC cases were identified in the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Survival analysis and log rank test were performed to identify a 2-tiered classification (grade 1 vs. grade 2 & 3) for serous EOC. DSS of early stage serous EOC for grade 2 was significantly different from grade 3 indicating that a 2-tier classification for serous EOC applied only to late stage. DSS of Type I EOC was much better than Type II. However, DSS was 33–52% lower with late stage Type I than with early stage Type I indicating that Type I ovarian cancers should not be considered indolent. Early stage Type II EOC had much better DSS than late stage Type II stressing that stage has a large role in survival of both Type I and II EOC.

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Transcriptome Analysis of Ovarian and Uterine Clear Cell Malignancies

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2020.598579 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Jill Alldredge ◽

Leslie Randall ◽

Gabriela De Robles ◽

Anshu Agrawal ◽

Dan Mercola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellular Proliferation ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Early Stage ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Uterine Cancer ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Ovarian Cancers

PurposeOvarian and uterine clear cell carcinomas (CCCs) are rare but associated with poor prognosis. This study explored RNA transcription patterns characteristic of these tumors.Experimental DesignRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of 11 ovarian CCCs and five uterine CCCs was performed and compared to publicly available data from high grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOCs). Ingenuity Pathway Analyses were performed. CIBERSORT analyses estimated relative fractions of 22 immune cell types in each RNA-seq sample. Sequencing data was correlated with PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression.ResultsRNA-seq revealed 1,613 downregulated and 1,212 upregulated genes (corrected p < 0.05, |FC |≥10) in ovarian CCC versus HGSOC. Two subgroups were identified in the ovarian CCC, characterized by ethnicity and expression differences in ARID1A. There were 3,252 differentially expressed genes between PD-L1+/− ovarian CCCs, revealing immune response, cell death, and DNA repair networks, negatively correlated with PD-L1 expression, whereas cellular proliferation networks positively correlated with expression. In clear cell ovarian versus clear cell uterine cancer, 1,607 genes were significantly upregulated, and 109 genes were significantly downregulated (corrected p < 0.05, |FC|≥10). Comparative pathway analysis of late and early stage ovarian CCCs revealed unique metabolic and PTEN pathways, whereas uterine CCCs had unique Wnt/Ca+, estrogen receptor, and CCR5 signaling. CIBERSORT analysis revealed that activated mast cells and regulatory T cell populations were relatively enriched in uterine CCCs. The PD-L1+ ovarian CCCs had enriched resting NK cells and memory B cell populations, while PD-L1− had enriched CD8 T-cells, monocytes, eosinophils, and activated dendritic cells.ConclusionsUnique transcriptional expression profiles distinguish clear cell uterine and ovarian cancers from each other and from other more common histologic subtypes. These insights may aid in devising novel therapeutics.

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