PW 1666 Assessing the impact of blackspot focused policies on traffic safety

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxman Singh Bisht ◽  
Geetam Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Assessing inequality, irregularity, and severity regarding road traffic safety during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Lin ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Weizi Li
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCOVID-19 has affected every sector of our society, among which human mobility is taking a dramatic change due to quarantine and social distancing. We investigate the impact of the pandemic and subsequent mobility changes on road traffic safety. Using traffic accident data from the city of Los Angeles and New York City, we find that the impact is not merely a blunt reduction in traffic and accidents; rather, (1) the proportion of accidents unexpectedly increases for “Hispanic” and “Male” groups; (2) the “hot spots” of accidents have shifted in both time and space and are likely moved from higher-income areas (e.g., Hollywood and Lower Manhattan) to lower-income areas (e.g., southern LA and southern Brooklyn); (3) the severity level of accidents decreases with the number of accidents regardless of transportation modes. Understanding those variations of traffic accidents not only sheds a light on the heterogeneous impact of COVID-19 across demographic and geographic factors, but also helps policymakers and planners design more effective safety policies and interventions during critical conditions such as the pandemic.

Road barriers: modern solutions for improving traffic safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

Improving the system of preventive measures aimed at reducing the severity of the consequences of road accidents is an urgent task. Road deaths are constantly increasing and there is a need for a comprehensive approach to creating safe road conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the promising designs of road barriers designed to prevent uncontrolled exit of vehicles from the roadway of the highway and to develop the design of energy-absorbing fencing. Barrier barriers must not only be safe for road users, but must also ensure their safety, as well as preserve the elements after hitting the fence. Analytical studies have shown that in order to reduce mechanical damage to vehicles and reduce the severity of injuries to the driver and passengers, it is necessary to develop a road fence design that allows you to extinguish the impact energy at the moment of contact between the car and the fence. Keywords: fencing, barrier, safety, traffic accident

scholarly journals Incidence and causes of lower-limb amputations in the city of Ribeirão Preto from 1985 to 2008: evaluation of the medical records from 3,274 cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Maria Bueno Barbosa ◽  
Rosane Aparecida Monteiro ◽  
Lucas Françolin Sparano ◽  
Rodolfo Fabiano Niz Bareiro ◽  
Afonso Dinis Costa Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Ischemic Complications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Alcohol Laws

ABSTRACT: Objective: It was to identify trends of traumatic and non-traumatic causes of lower limb amputations, as well as the role played by population aging, traffic violence increase, public health policy of diabetes control program and drivers anti-alcohol laws on these amputations. Method: Hospitalization data recorded in the discharge forms of 32 hospitals located in the region of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, from 1985 to 2008 were analyzed. Result: A total of 3,274 lower-limb amputations were analyzed, of which 95.2% were related to non-traumatic causes, mainly infectious and ischemic complications of diabetes mellitus. Cancer (2.8%) and congenital (1.3%) causes were included in this group. Only 4.8% were related to traumatic causes. Traumatic amputation average rate was 1.5 amputations in 100,000 habitants with a slight tendency of increase in the last 5 years. Non-traumatic causes showed an average rate of 30.0 amputations for 100,000 habitants and remained relatively constant during the whole period. Non-traumatic were much more predominant in patients older than 60 years and traumatic amputations occurred more frequently in patients younger than 39 years. Conclusion: The overall rates of amputation and the rates of traumatic and non-traumatic amputations remained nearly constant during the study period. The impact of diabetes control policies and the introduction of traffic safety laws could not be identified on the amputation rates.

scholarly journals Impact of High-Altitude on Truck’s Climbing Speed: Case study in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tian Lei ◽  
Jinliang Xu ◽  
Xingli Jia ◽  
Leyu Wei ◽  
Lin Tian
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Altitude Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Altitudes

Truck’s climbing performance is an important consideration in traffic safety, efficiency, and highway geometric design. With the infrastructure development in high-altitude area in China, more attention needs to be paid on truck’s climbing performance in such area. In this article, truck’s climbing speed in high-altitude area was examined through field tests on different grade sections at different altitudes. Truck’s speed-distance curves were built at different altitudes and the impact of altitude on truck’s climbing speed was explored based on the test results. It was shown that, within the altitude range of 3000~5000m, altitude had an obvious influence on test truck’s decelerating and accelerating performance. Truck’s speed decreased faster on steep grades and increased slower on gentle grades with the increase of the altitude. Also, the stable speed that test truck could maintain on a certain grade was lower at a higher altitude. In addition, test truck’s theoretical speed-distance curves at the sea level were estimated through truck’s dynamic model. Compared with the theoretical crawl speed, a negative effect of altitude change (from 0 to the altitude above 3000 m) was found on truck’s climbing performance.

scholarly journals The impact of traffic flow structure on traffic safety: the case of Slovenian motorways

Transport ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Zanne ◽  
Aleš Groznik
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
Public Road ◽  
Past Data ◽  
The Impact

Road traffic accident is an accident on a public road in which at least one moving vehicle has been involved and material damage or injury or death has occurred. Traffic accidents occur for various reasons, with one of them being the transport infrastructure and next the condition of traffic environment. Motorways are considered to be the safest roads, which have initially been planned as dedicated roads intended to be travelled only by personal cars, but the evolution of modal split of freight transport in Europe is causing the heterogeneity of traffic flows on these roads, which consequently affects the traffic safety. The aim of this paper is to explore the effects of changing volume and structure of traffic flows on road safety on Slovenian motorways. After the exhaustive analysis of past data, the paper provides different models for forecasting traffic safety on Slovenian motorways.

The Impact on Traffic Safety in Bus Stop

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailun Zhang ◽  
Xiaoping Guang ◽  
Yongsheng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Exploring the Influence of Truck Proportion on Freeway Traffic Safety Using Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwen Zhang ◽  
Yingying Xing ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
H. Michael Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Adaptive Network ◽  
Freeway Traffic ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
The Impact

The truck operation of freeway has an impact on traffic safety. In particular, the gradually increasing in truck proportion will inevitably affect the freeway traffic operation of different traffic volume. In this paper, VISSIM simulation is used to supply the field data and orthogonal experimental is designed for calibrate the simulation data. Then, SSAM modeling is combined to analyze the impact of truck proportion on traffic flow parameters and traffic conflicts. The serious and general conflict prediction model based on the Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is proposed to determine the impact of the truck proportion on freeway traffic safety. The results show that when the truck proportion is around 0.4 under 3200 veh/h and 0.6 under 2600 veh/h, there are more traffic conflicts and the number of serious conflicts is more than the number of general conflicts, which also reflect the relationship between truck proportion and traffic safety. Under 3000 veh/h, travel time and average delay increasing while mean speed and mean speed of small car decreases with truck proportion increases. The mean time headway rises largely with the truck proportion increasing above 3000 veh/h. The speed standard deviation increases initially and then fall with truck proportion increasing. The lane-changing decreases while truck proportion increasing. In addition, ANFIS can accurately determine the impact of truck proportion on traffic conflicts under different traffic volume, and also validate the learning ability of ANFIS.

scholarly journals Estimating and Comparing Response Times in Traditional and Connected Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshuman Sharma ◽  
Zuduo Zheng ◽  
Jiwon Kim ◽  
Ashish Bhaskar ◽  
Md. Mazharul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Response time (RT) is a critical human factor that influences traffic flow characteristics and traffic safety, and is governed by drivers’ decision-making behavior. Unlike the traditional environment (TE), the connected environment (CE) provides information assistance to drivers. This in-vehicle informed environment can influence drivers’ decision-making and thereby their RTs. Therefore, to ascertain the impact of CE on RT, this study develops RT estimation methodologies for TE (RTEM-TE) and CE (RTEM-CE), using vehicle trajectory data. Because of the intra-lingual inconsistency among traffic engineers, modelers, and psychologists in the usage of the term RT, this study also provides a ubiquitous definition of RT that can be used in a wide range of applications. Both RTEM-TE and RTEM-CE are built on the fundamental stimulus–response relationship, and they utilize the wavelet-based energy distribution of time series of speeds to detect the stimulus–response points. These methodologies are rigorously examined for their efficiency and accuracy using noise-free and noisy synthetic data, and driving simulator data. Analysis results demonstrate the excellent performance of both the methodologies. Moreover, the analysis shows that the mean RT in CE is longer than the mean RT in TE.

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