scholarly journals Biochemical abnormalities in COVID-19: a comparison of white versus ethnic minority populations in the UK

2021 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2021-207446
Author(s):  
David R Taylor ◽  
Devon Buchanan ◽  
Wiaam Al-Hasani ◽  
Jessica Kearney ◽  
Tina Mazaheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

AimsPublic Health England has identified that in COVID-19, death rates among ethnic minorities far exceeds that of the white population. While the increase in ethnic minorities is likely to be multifactorial, to date, no studies have looked to see whether values for routine clinical biochemistry parameters differ between ethnic minority and white individuals.MethodsBaseline biochemical data for 22 common tests from 311 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients presenting to hospital in April 2020 in whom ethnicity data were available was retrospectively collected and evaluated. Data comparisons between ethnic minority and white groups were made for all patient data and for the subset of patients subsequently admitted to intensive care.ResultsWhen all patient data were considered, the ethnic minority population had statistically significant higher concentrations of C reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, while troponin T was higher in the white group. A greater proportion of ethnic minority patients were subsequently admitted to intensive care, but when the presenting biochemistry of this subset of patients was compared, no significant differences were observed between ethnic minority and white groups.ConclusionOur data show for the first time that routine biochemistry at hospital presentation in COVID-19 differs between ethnic minority and white groups. Among the markers identified, CRP was significantly higher in the ethnic minority group pointing towards an increased tendency for severe inflammation in this group.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of mental illness in elderly people from ethnic minorities

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lindesay
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
The Uk

From the 1991 census (Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1993) it is estimated that 5.9% of the total population of England and Wales belong to an ethnic minority, and that 3% of this ethnic minority population are aged 65 years and older. This compares with 17% aged 65 years and older in the indigenous population. Although the numbers of elderly people from ethnic minorities are small in absolute terms, these groups are growing rapidly, and mental health professionals working with elderly patients will increasingly need to be equipped with the necessary services and skills to meet their specific needs. The elderly ethnic minority population of the UK is extremely diverse; the largest groups originate from the Indian subcontinent and the Caribbean, but there are also significant communities of Chinese, Somali, Vietnamese, Eastern European, Mediterranean and Irish origin, all of which require consideration when planning and providing services, whatever their numbers. This diversity is also important when considering the various factors that influence the presentation and diagnosis of mental disorders in these groups.

scholarly journals The Paradox of Ethnic Minority Development in Beijing

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Hasmath
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Ethnic Difference ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
High Wage ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
Educational Attainments ◽  
Employment Sectors

AbstractThe educational attainments of Beijing's permanent ethnic minority population out perform or are on par with the dominant, local Hans. Yet, the Han demographic disproportionately dominates the high-wage, education-intensive employment sectors. What accounts for this paradox? What does this signify regarding the management of ethnic difference in the capital city? And how do we improve this situation? Drawing upon recent research, this paper will offer sociological explanations to answer these questions. Moreover, it will further suggest strategies for enhancing the development of ethnic minorities in Beijing.

scholarly journals Education of French Colonialists with Ethnic Minorities in Cochinchine in the period 1862-1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Minh Hang
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
French School ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
In The Beginning

In the beginning of the article, we presented the picture of ethnic minorities in Cochinchina and the educational policy of the Nguyen Dynasty to ethnic minorities in Cochinchine before the French colonial invasion as well as the process of invasion and process of imposing a new educational model of French colonialists in Cochinchina. In the main content, the author presents educational policies in general and French policies for ethnic minorities in Cochinchine in particular, expressed in documents and decrees of colonial authorities on goals, manner and measures to be taken. The article also reorganized the implementation of French educational policies in practice for the ethnic minority areas in Cochinchine during the French colonial period, such as the opening of schools, classes, and the process of organizing activities of the French school system, class and results achieved in areas with a large ethnic minority population. The author made the comments and assessments about the results and limitations of the educational policy for ethnic minorities of the French colonialists in Cochinchina from 1862 to 1945.

ACUTE PANCREATITIS IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA IN A MULTI-ETHNIC MINORITY POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambika Amblee ◽  
Divyanshu Mohananey ◽  
Micheal Morkos ◽  
Sanjib Basu ◽  
Ayokunle T. Abegunde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

Characteristics of patients admitted to psychiatric intensive care units

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir Kasmi
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Minority Overrepresentation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Study Designs

AbstractObjective: A paucity of research exists on the types of patients admitted to psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs), which is important in terms of identifying patient needs, training and service provision. Questions have also been raised as to whether or not ethnic minorities are overrepresented in these units.Method: A literature review using MeSH headings from a wealth of databases was performed to identify such studies. In addition studies on ethnic minority overrepresentation in psychiatric care were also identified.Results: Under a dozen studies were identified, mainly from the UK and Australia. Study designs tended to be basic and heterogeneous, but this was reflected in the nature of the study and the data gained. A typical PICU patient emerged, namely a young schizophrenic detained male, belonging to an ethnic minority (if in an inner city), known to mental health services with previous informal, detained and PICU admissions, admitted due to violence and often possessing a forensic history. If a complex need existed, it was usually substance misuse. The inpatient stay tended to be for less than two months and discharge was usually to an acute ward. Ethnic minorities were overrepresented in PICU care.Conclusions: The literature review highlighted a paucity of good-quality studies in this field. The establishment of a national association of intensive care units as well as national guidelines can only improve services. The reason for ethnic minority over-representation on these units is still far from clear.

The Dance of Exile: Jerzy Starzyński, Kyczera, and the Polish Lemkos

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Cathy Black
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population

Since at least the fourteenth century the Slavic ethnic minority population known as Polish Lemkos has claimed the northern slopes of the Carpathian Mountains as its homeland. Lemkos are part of a larger east Slavic population of Carpathian Rus' collectively known as Rusyns, who reside in the Lemko region (in Poland), the Prešov region (in Slovakia), and western Subcarpathian Rus' (in Ukraine) (see Figure I). Beyond the Carpathian homeland Rusyns live in Serbia, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, and outside of Europe in the United States, Canada, and Australia (Magocsi 2005, 433; 2006, II). By the outset of the twentieth century in the Lemko Region, the term “Lemko” was gradually adopted as an ethnonym instead of “Rusyn.” Some Rusyns in lands other than Poland also choose to refer to themselves as Lemkos.

scholarly journals “End the Dominance of the Uyghur Ethnic Group”: An Analysis of Beijing’s Population Optimization Strategy in Southern Xinjiang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Zenz
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region

Chinese academics and politicians in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region have argued that the region’s “terrorism” problem can only be solved by “optimizing” southern Xinjiang’s ethnic population structure. High Uyghur population concentrations are deemed a national security threat. “Optimizing” such concentrations is achieved by embedding substantial Han populations. Scenarios that do not overburden the region’s population carrying capacity entail drastic reductions in ethnic minority natural population growth. The intent to “optimize” the population serves as a basis to assess the intent to destroy an ethnic minority population in part, as outlined in the 1948 U.N. Genocide Convention. The “destruction in part” is assessed as the difference between projected natural population growth without substantial government interference, and reduced growth scenarios in line with population “optimization” requirements. Based on population projections conducted by Chinese researchers, this difference could range between 2.6 and 4.5 million persons by the year 2040.

scholarly journals Minority Response to Ethnic Democracy

Intersections ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolis Dambrauskas
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
Perception Of Threat ◽  
Minority Policies

This article focuses on the evolution of Polish minority responses to Lithuanian minority policies in the post-EU-accession period.  State-minority conflicts in Lithuania have not generated violence or minority radicalization, despite continuing discontent among members of the state’s Polish minority (which constitutes Lithuania’s largest ethnic minority population) and the failure of the Lithuanian state to resolve the causes of discontent.  Employing Smooha’s concept of ethnic democracy, the article addresses this puzzle through an ethnographic exploration of the views held by members of the Polish minority about the Lithuanian state’s policies of nation-building.  The findings reveal a diverse set of critical perceptions among Poles in Lithuania, which emphasize the ineffectiveness of state policies in addressing minority needs.  However, a shared perception of threat from Russia, generated after the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, helps to sustain the regime’s stability and its strategy of stalling the resolution of minority concerns.

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