The combined effects of job demand and control, effort-reward imbalance and work-family conflicts on the risk of major depressive episode: a 4-year longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshambel T Nigatu ◽  
JianLi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Work Family ◽  
And Control

PurposeWork-related psychosocial factors may precipitate the onset of depression. In occupational mental health research, there are three widely used theoretical models, namely, job demand and control (JD-C), effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and work-family conflicts (WFC). However, the interaction between these models and their combined effect on the risk of major depression in the workplace is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the longitudinal combined effects of JD-C, ERI and WFC on the risk of major depression in the working population.MethodsLongitudinal data (2008-2013) were collected on randomly selected participants (n=4200) from the working population of the province of Alberta, Canada, at baseline and 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year follow-up. Data about JD-C, ERI, WFC and major depression were collected by trained interviewers using a computer-assisted telephone interviewing method. Generalised estimating equations for longitudinal modelling were used.ResultsThere was an independent association between high ERI and high WFC at tx and major depression at tx+1 (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.96; OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.52), respectively. The combined effects of JD-C and ERI, ERI and WFC, and WFC and JD-C on the risk of major depression were as follows: OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.42, OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.49 and OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.48 to 3.30, respectively. The relative excess risks attributable to the interactions were statistically non-significant.ConclusionsWork-related psychosocial factors are associated with increased risk of major depression over time, but their combined effect is not synergistic. The effects of the factors depicted in the three occupational health models on the risk of major depression appear to be additive.

Psychosoziale Merkmale der Arbeit, Überforderungserleben und Depressivität

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Rösler ◽  
Ute Stephan ◽  
Katja Hoffmann ◽  
Katja Morling ◽  
Anett Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Demand ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Demand Control

Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte die im Job-Demand-Control-Support-Modell und Effort-Reward-Imbalance-Modell beschriebenen Tätigkeitsmerkmale in Bezug auf Depressivität in einer Stichprobe von 265 Erwerbstätigen. Anhand konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalysen wurden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede beider Modelle geprüft. Anschließend wurde die Bedeutung der nachweisbaren Tätigkeitsmerkmale für die Vorhersage von Depressivität getestet und untersucht, inwieweit die Effekte durch Überforderungserleben mediiert werden. Die Analysen zeigten, dass die Modelle sowohl gemeinsame (Arbeitsintensität bzw. berufliche Anforderungen) als auch distinkte Arbeitsmerkmale (Tätigkeitsspielraum, Arbeitsplatzsicherheit, beruflicher Status, soziale Anerkennung) erfassen. Hohe Arbeitsintensität, geringe Arbeitsplatzsicherheit und fehlende soziale Anerkennung standen in signifikantem Zusammenhang mit Depressivität. Anders als erwartet war der berufliche Status positiv mit Depressivität assoziiert, während für den Tätigkeitsspielraum keine signifikanten Effekte nachweisbar waren. Das Pfadmodell bestätigte sowohl direkte als auch durch Überforderungserleben vermittelte Zusammenhänge zwischen den Tätigkeitsmerkmalen und Depressivität (39 % Varianzaufklärung). Die Ergebnisse bieten eine Grundlage für die Identifizierung potenzieller Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten depressiver Symptome am Arbeitsplatz.

scholarly journals ‘Life in the Travelling Circus’: A Study of Loneliness, Work Stress, and Money Issues in Touring Professional Golf

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fry ◽  
Daniel Bloyce
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Latitude ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Professional Golfers ◽  
Health And Well Being

This article examines the effects of globalization on the well-being of migrant professional athletes. Interviews with 20 touring professional golfers reveal that players experience many of the personal problems—such as loneliness, isolation, low decision latitude, low social support, and effort-reward imbalance—which have been identified as “strong predictors of mental ill-health” (Leka & Jain, 2010, p. 65). Feelings of loneliness and isolation developed as players were regularly apart from family and friends, and spent most of their time with other golfers whom they had somewhat superficial relationships with. These feelings coupled with, for many, uncertain income generated through golf added further to their work-related anxieties. Overall, results highlight the importance of considering how workplace anxieties and vulnerabilities impact on athlete migrants’ health and well-being.

scholarly journals Trajectories of effort-reward imbalance in Swedish workers: Differences in demographic and work-related factors and associations with health

Work & Stress ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Leineweber ◽  
Constanze Eib ◽  
Claudia Bernhard-Oettel ◽  
Anna Nyberg
Keyword(s):  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance

scholarly journals Associations of work–family conflicts with food habits and physical activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Roos ◽  
Sirpa Sarlio-Lähteenkorva ◽  
Tea Lallukka ◽  
Eero Lahelma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the relationship between family–work conflicts with food habits and physical activity, and whether the relationship is dependent on family structure and work-related factors.Design and settingCross-sectional postal surveys were carried out in 2001 and 2002 among employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland, aged 40–60 years (n = 5346, response rate 66%; for women 70% and for men 60%). Dependent variables in logistic regression analyses were nationally recommended food habits and physical activity. Independent variables were work–family conflicts and family–work conflicts. Covariates included age, marital status, number of children, occupational class, working hours, time travelling to work, and physical and mental work load.ResultsWomen reporting strong work–family conflicts were more likely to follow recommended food habits (odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals 1.49 (1.19–1.86)), but this relationship weakened when adjusting for work-related factors (OR 1.20 (0.93–1.55)). Women and men with strong family–work conflicts were less likely to report recommended food habits after adjusting for family structure and work-related factors (women OR 0.75 (0.61–0.92), men OR 0.57 (0.34–0.96)). Women and men with strong work–family conflicts were less likely to follow the recommended amount of physical activity (women OR 0.76 (0.60–0.96), men OR 0.54 (0.34–0.87)). Additionally, women with strong family–work conflicts were less likely to follow the recommended amount of physical activity (OR 0.77 (0.63–0.94)). Adjusting for family and work-related factors did not affect these associations.ConclusionsConflicts between paid work and family life are likely to constitute barriers for a physically active lifestyle and possibly also for healthy food habits. Improving the balance between work and family may provide a route for promoting health-related behaviours.

scholarly journals The Effort‐reward Imbalance Model: Experience in Japanese Working Population

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akizumi Tsutsumi ◽  
Kazunori Kayaba ◽  
Makiko Nagami ◽  
Akiko Miki ◽  
Yuri Kawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Population ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance

scholarly journals Illegitimate Tasks and Employees’ Turnover Intention: A Serial Mediation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoye Zeng ◽  
Yafu Huang ◽  
Shouying Zhao ◽  
Lianping Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Work Family

In the historical and cultural context of developing countries, such as China, illegitimate tasks have become an important source of workplace pressure for employees. Guided by the framework of the stress-as-offense-to-self theory, we explored how illegitimate tasks increase turnover intention. A total of 474 employees from China effectively completed the online survey. The results showed a positive correlation between illegitimate tasks, effort–reward imbalance, work–family conflict, and turnover intention. Illegitimate tasks can affect intention to quit directly and through two indirect paths: the separate intermediary effect of work–family conflict and the continuous mediating role of effort–reward imbalance and work–family conflict. The results indicate that illegitimate tasks increase employees’ intention to quit through the role of effort–reward imbalance and work–family conflict. This study contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between illegitimate tasks and workers’ turnover intention in the context of Chinese history and culture. Additionally, the findings have implications for reducing attrition rate.

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