scholarly journals Trajectories of effort-reward imbalance in Swedish workers: Differences in demographic and work-related factors and associations with health

Work & Stress ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Leineweber ◽  
Constanze Eib ◽  
Claudia Bernhard-Oettel ◽  
Anna Nyberg
Keyword(s):  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance

scholarly journals ‘Life in the Travelling Circus’: A Study of Loneliness, Work Stress, and Money Issues in Touring Professional Golf

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fry ◽  
Daniel Bloyce
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Latitude ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Professional Golfers ◽  
Health And Well Being

This article examines the effects of globalization on the well-being of migrant professional athletes. Interviews with 20 touring professional golfers reveal that players experience many of the personal problems—such as loneliness, isolation, low decision latitude, low social support, and effort-reward imbalance—which have been identified as “strong predictors of mental ill-health” (Leka & Jain, 2010, p. 65). Feelings of loneliness and isolation developed as players were regularly apart from family and friends, and spent most of their time with other golfers whom they had somewhat superficial relationships with. These feelings coupled with, for many, uncertain income generated through golf added further to their work-related anxieties. Overall, results highlight the importance of considering how workplace anxieties and vulnerabilities impact on athlete migrants’ health and well-being.

The combined effects of job demand and control, effort-reward imbalance and work-family conflicts on the risk of major depressive episode: a 4-year longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshambel T Nigatu ◽  
JianLi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Work Family ◽  
And Control

PurposeWork-related psychosocial factors may precipitate the onset of depression. In occupational mental health research, there are three widely used theoretical models, namely, job demand and control (JD-C), effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and work-family conflicts (WFC). However, the interaction between these models and their combined effect on the risk of major depression in the workplace is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the longitudinal combined effects of JD-C, ERI and WFC on the risk of major depression in the working population.MethodsLongitudinal data (2008-2013) were collected on randomly selected participants (n=4200) from the working population of the province of Alberta, Canada, at baseline and 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year follow-up. Data about JD-C, ERI, WFC and major depression were collected by trained interviewers using a computer-assisted telephone interviewing method. Generalised estimating equations for longitudinal modelling were used.ResultsThere was an independent association between high ERI and high WFC at tx and major depression at tx+1 (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.96; OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.52), respectively. The combined effects of JD-C and ERI, ERI and WFC, and WFC and JD-C on the risk of major depression were as follows: OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.42, OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.49 and OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.48 to 3.30, respectively. The relative excess risks attributable to the interactions were statistically non-significant.ConclusionsWork-related psychosocial factors are associated with increased risk of major depression over time, but their combined effect is not synergistic. The effects of the factors depicted in the three occupational health models on the risk of major depression appear to be additive.

scholarly journals The Impact of Workload-related Factors on the Effort-Reward Imbalance in Various Working Groups at a Gas refinery Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mirzaei ◽  
Mostafa Shahmohammadi ◽  
Fazel Rajabi ◽  
Rasoul Mirzaei ◽  
Abdolsattar Zare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Related Factors ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gas Refinery

scholarly journals Exploring the effort-reward structure of university work focusing on perceived overall stress, self-reported health, and musculoskeletal disorders

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bence Verpeléti ◽  
Edina Horváth ◽  
Gordana Dobi-Ágoston ◽  
Gergely Ágoston ◽  
Kitti Bérces ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Reward Structure ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Design And Methods

Background: The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model by Siegrist encouraged numerous scientific investigations that reported particular ties between psychosocial risks and poor self-reported health (SRH), while psychosocial work-related stress has also been linked to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The aim of this study was to examine the health status and the perceived levels of occupational stress of university employees and to analyse the findings according to the employees’ effort and reward structure of work, perceived overall stress, SRH and the presence of MSDs.  Design and methods: 398 employees – including healthcare professionals, academic personnel and workers with administrative or other jobs – employed at the University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine were investigated with a self-administered questionnaire including the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI-Q) and Perceived Stress Scale 4 (PSS-4).Results: More than half of the investigated subjects (54.8%) reported some forms of MSDs. Low self-reported health (p<0.001) and presence of MSDs (p=0.015) were significantly associated with the level of perceived stress and effort-reward imbalance (ERI), moreover increased level of perceived stress was independently associated with the likelihood of MSDs (AOR=1.13) and low self-reported health (AOR=1.30). ERI well predicted low self-reported health (AOR=2.05) as well. Increased level of perceived stress positively correlated with high work-related effort (r=0.247, p<0.001) and over-commitment (r=0.387, p<0.001) while with work-related reward (r=−0.181, p=0.011) perceived stress showed a negative connection.Conclusion: Our results suggest that addressing the burden of effort-reward imbalance and MSDs would likely lessen employees’ perceived level of overall stress and affect their self-reported overall state of health.

Effort–reward imbalance and long-term benzodiazepine use: longitudinal findings from the CONSTANCES cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 993-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Airagnes ◽  
Cédric Lemogne ◽  
Sofiane Kab ◽  
Nicolas Hoertel ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Third ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
Reward Imbalance

ObjectivesTo examine the association between effort–reward imbalance and incident long-term benzodiazepine use (LTBU).MethodsWe included 31 077 employed participants enrolled in the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort between 2012 and 2014 who had not undergone LTBU in the 2 years before enrolment. LTBU was examined using drug reimbursement administrative databases. The effort–reward imbalance was calculated in quartiles. We computed ORs (95% CIs) for LTBU according to effort–reward imbalance over a 2-year follow-up period. We adjusted for age, gender, education, occupational grade, income, marital status, tobacco smoking, risk of alcohol use disorder, depressive symptoms and self-rated health.ResultsOver the 2-year follow-up, 294 (0.9%) participants experienced incident LTBU. In the univariable analysis, effort–reward imbalance was associated with subsequent LTBU with ORs of 1.79 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.62) and 2.73 (95% CI 1.89 to 3.95) for the third and fourth quartiles, respectively, compared with the first quartile. There was no interaction between effort–reward imbalance and any of the considered variables other than tobacco smoking (p=0.033). The association remained significant in both smokers and non-smokers, with higher odds for smokers (p=0.031). In the fully adjusted model, the association remained significant for the third and fourth quartiles, with ORs of 1.74 (95% CI 1.17 to 2.57) and 2.18 (95% CI 1.50 to 3.16), respectively. These associations were dose dependent (p for trend <0.001).ConclusionsEffort–reward imbalance was linked with incident LTBU over a 2-year follow-up period after adjustment for sociodemographic and health-related factors. Thus, screening and prevention of the risk of LTBU should be systematised among individuals experiencing effort–reward imbalance, with special attention paid to smokers.

scholarly journals O8D.5 Physical activity as a moderator of effort-reward imbalance over time – results of the german lida-cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A76.1-A76
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptist du Prel ◽  
Daniela Borchart
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundWork-related stress is widespread in modern societies and an important risk factor for common health impairments. The model of effort-reward imbalance (=ERI), one of the best-investigated occupational stress models, is associated with musculoskeletal and coronary heart diseases as well as depressive disorders. A common assumption is that physical activity (PA) antagonizes the harmful effects of distress on health. Yet, the evidence of the effect of PA on work-related stress, especially on ERI, is limited so far. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the effect of PA on ERI over time.MethodsWork-related stress was measured by ERI and physical activity by a single question asking for the weekly frequency of physical activity leading to sweating or getting out of breath over two study waves (t1, t2). Multiple linear regression analysis adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education) was performed including interaction testing.ResultsWork-related stress at t1 was a significant predictor for work-related stress at t2. Physical activity at t2 - itself not significantly associated with work-related stress - had a significant moderating effect on work-related stress over two study waves. The higher the frequency of PA was, the lower the stress level at t2 in comparison to t1. This interaction of physical activity with ERI was also observable after adjustment for sociodemographic factors.DiscussionWe found a moderating effect of physical activity on ERI over time in agreement with former studies using other measures of work-related stress. A dose-response relationship of physical activity and ERI over two study waves was observable in our study. Regarding the detrimental effect of chronical stress on health, PA might be beneficial by mitigating the health hazards of ERI and their long-term consequences (e.g., loss of work force). Longitudinal studies over more than two waves have to prove our findings.

scholarly journals Work-related psychosocial risk factors for stress-related mental disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e034849
Author(s):  
Henk F van der Molen ◽  
Karen Nieuwenhuijsen ◽  
Monique H W Frings-Dresen ◽  
Gerda de Groene
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Organisational Justice ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance

ObjectiveThe objective was to conduct an update of a previously published review and meta-analysis on the association between work-related psychosocial risk factors and stress-related mental disorders (SRD).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline, Embase and PsycINFO were searched for articles published between 2008 and 12 August 2019 and references of a systematic review performed for the period before 2008 were included. Primary prospective studies were included when outcome data were described in terms of SRD assessment or a dichotomous outcome, based on a validated questionnaire, and at least two levels of work-related exposure were reported (exposed vs less or non-exposed). We used GRADE to assess the evidence for the associations between risk factors and the onset of SRD.ResultsSeventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, a population of 73 874 workers from Belgium, Denmark, England, Finland, Japan, the Netherlands and Sweden were included in the meta-analysis of 14 prospective cohort studies. This meta-analysis revealed moderate evidence for associations between SRD and effort reward imbalance (OR=1.9, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.15), high job demands (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.72), organisational justice (ORs=1.6 to 1.7, CIs 1.44 to 1.86), social support (ORs=1.3 to 1.4, CIs 1.16 to 1.69), high emotional demands (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.84) and decision authority (OR=1.3, CI 1.20 to 1.49). No significant or inconsistent associations were found for job insecurity, decision latitude, skill discretion and bullying.ConclusionModerate evidence was found that work-related psychosocial risk factors are associated with a higher risk of SRD. Effort-reward imbalance, low organisational justice and high job demands exhibited the largest increased risk of SRD, varying from 60% to 90%.

Effort-Reward Imbalance and Burnout in German Kindergarten Educators

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Olaf Backhaus ◽  
Petra Hampel ◽  
Kevin Dadaczynski
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Kindergarten Educators ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract. Effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment are increasingly identified as work-related risk factors for burnout and somatic symptoms. In order to explore the situation in German kindergarten educators, a cross-sectional study based on questionnaire responses from N = 1,933 was carried out. Burnout was found in 24.4% and somatic symptoms in 47.3% of the study participants. Binary logistic regressions were used to identify effort-reward imbalance (OR = 3.75, 95% CI: 2.85–4.95) and overcommitment (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.34–1.47) as independent predictors for burnout. Results confirm the high relevance of the effort-reward imbalance concept for the health status of kindergarten educators.

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