scholarly journals Workplace violence and health in human service industries: a systematic review of prospective and longitudinal studies

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106450
Author(s):  
Anna Nyberg ◽  
Göran Kecklund ◽  
Linda Magnusson Hanson ◽  
Kristiina Rajaleid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Human Service ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Gender Based

ObjectivesTo provide systematically evaluated evidence of prospective associations between exposure to physical, psychological and gender-based violence and health among healthcare, social care and education workers.MethodsThe guidelines on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were followed. Medline, Cinahl, Web of Science and PsycInfo were searched for population: human service workers; exposure: workplace violence; and study type: prospective or longitudinal in articles published 1990–August 2019. Quality assessment was performed based on a modified version of the Cochrane’s ‘Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies’.ResultsAfter deduplication, 3566 studies remained, of which 132 articles were selected for full-text screening and 28 were included in the systematic review. A majority of the studies focused on healthcare personnel, were from the Nordic countries and were assessed to have medium quality. Nine of 11 associations between physical violence and poor mental health were statistically significant, and 3 of 4 associations between physical violence and sickness absence. Ten of 13 associations between psychological violence and poor mental health were statistically significant and 6 of 6 associations between psychological violence and sickness absence. The only study on gender-based violence and health reported a statistically non-significant association.ConclusionThere is consistent evidence mainly in medium quality studies of prospective associations between psychological violence and poor mental health and sickness absence, and between physical violence and poor mental health in human service workers. More research using objective outcomes, improved exposure assessment and that focus on gender-based violence is needed.

scholarly journals Exploring the mental health and psychosocial problems of Congolese refugees living in refugee settings in Rwanda and Uganda: a rapid qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chiumento ◽  
Theoneste Rutayisire ◽  
Emmanuel Sarabwe ◽  
M. Tasdik Hasan ◽  
Rosco Kasujja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Free List ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Refugees fleeing conflict often experience poor mental health due to experiences in their country of origin, during displacement, and in new host environments. Conditions in refugee camps and settlements, and the wider socio-political and economic context of refugees’ lives, create structural conditions that compound the effects of previous adversity. Mental health and psychosocial support services must address the daily stressors and adversities refugees face by being grounded in the lived reality of refugee’s lives and addressing issues relevant to them. Methods We undertook a rapid qualitative study between March and May 2019 to understand the local prioritisation of problems facing Congolese refugees living in two refugee settings in Uganda and Rwanda. Thirty free list interviews were conducted in each setting, followed by 11 key informant interviews in Uganda and 12 in Rwanda. Results Results from all interviews were thematically analysed following a deductive process by the in-country research teams. Free list interview findings highlight priority problems of basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare access; alongside contextual social problems including discrimination/inequity and a lack of gender equality. Priority problems relating to mental and psychosocial health explored in key informant interviews include discrimination and inequity; alcohol and substance abuse; and violence and gender-based violence. Conclusions Our findings strongly resonate with models of mental health and psychosocial wellbeing that emphasise their socially determined and contextually embedded nature. Specifically, findings foreground the structural conditions of refugees’ lives such as the physical organisation of camp spaces or refugee policies that are stigmatising through restricting the right to work or pursue education. This structural environment can lead to disruptions in social relationships at the familial and community levels, giving rise to discrimination/inequity and gender-based violence. Therefore, our findings foreground that one consequence of living in situations of pervasive adversity caused by experiences of discrimination, inequity, and violence is poor mental health and psychosocial wellbeing. This understanding reinforces the relevance of feasible and acceptable intervention approaches that aim to strengthening familial and community-level social relationships, building upon existing community resources to promote positive mental health and psychosocial wellbeing among Congolese refugees in these settings.

scholarly journals Risk of Gender-Based Violence and Poor Mental Health Among Nepalese Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Lalita Kumari Sah ◽  
Prabhu Sah ◽  
Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Surya B. Parajuli ◽  
Rinku Shah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Health Service Access ◽  
Limited Health ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Financial Dependency

During Covid-19 pandemic, gender-based violence (GBV) against women and poor mental health with limited health service access for women have received paramount attention among researchers, policy makers, health professionals and healthcare service providers. This paper presents a review of published articles in an attempt to understand GBV and poor mental health among Nepalese women in the context of Covid-19. Evidence suggests that gender inequality and gender-based violence have played a significant role in increasing mental health issues among women during the pandemic. Social factors such as low education, financial dependency, lack of support system, limited access to healthcare, lack of awareness about the GBV laws, and cultural norms that put women in the lower position within the society are the realities of majority of Nepalese women. These factors intersect each other and present compounded risks that put women at more vulnerable position than others, which is further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic putting Nepalese women at risks of GBV and poor mental health compared to men in the society. The paper also recommends actions that are required to address the GBV and poor mental health among Nepalese women.

scholarly journals Gender Based Violence Among Pregnant Women: A Hospital Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrawan Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Pushpa Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Based

Introduction: Gender Based Violence (GBV) is prevalent and exists to some extent in virtually all societies throughout the world. Evidence shows consistent negative effect of violence on health of women particularly. This hidden disease is perceived as a social issue and not a health issue and is often overlooked by health care providers. Methodology: This study was a Cross Sectional descriptive study conducted at national Academy of Medical Science affiliated Paropaker Women's and Maternity Hospital, Kathmandu enrolling 950 pregnant women from the emergency admission room who were interviewed using structured questionnaire from mid march to the end August in the year 2007. Result and discussion: Among 950 women suffered from gender based violence (33.36%). One hundred and fifty women faced psychological violence (47.31%), seventy two clients faced physical violence (22.71%), and forty two women faced sexual violence (13.24%) and rest of them faced all types of violence. Violence was reported during the current pregnancy (41.32%). Husbands were perpetrator of violence for almost on third of women (34.06%), followed by mother in low (18.29%). Joint violence by family members was quit common (28.1%). Perpetrator outside family was responsible for approximately 20% of cases. Domestic violence was extremely common accounting for more than four fifty of cases (81.38%). Among sexual violence, (45.45%) women were victim of marital rape. Alcoholism as one of the common reason for wife battering, observed in this study in Maternity Hospital which is still prevalent in Nepal. Often, verbal abuse is an excuse for imposing discipline in the family. Women's economic and emotional dependence on husband could be responsible for the vulnerable status in family. Health seeking behavior following violence was found to be extremely low in this study suggestion gender based violence as a privet matter.

scholarly journals Violence against Women in Eka Kurniawan’s Vengeance Is Mine, All Others Pay Cash

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Dian Febriyanti ◽  
Pratiwi Retnaningdyah
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Verbal Violence ◽  
Gender Based

The aim of this article is to analyze the types of violence against women depicted in Eka Kurniawan’s Vengeance Is Mine, All Others Pay Cash also to reveal the process of several female characters from being disempowered (after received violence by men) to empowering themselves. Those are global and common issues that society would face every day. This study uses thematic analysis on the basis of Gender-based Violence (GBV) to categorize the type of violence based on a theory of feminist by Beauvoir and also using Naila Kabeer’s perspective to reveal that violence affect women in empower and disempower ways. The female characters that receive violence are Scarlet Blush, Iteung, Young Widow, and Jelita. The types of violence that occurred are sexual violence, physical violence, verbal violence, and psychological violence. However, the result of women’s empowerment only causes Iteung itself, she is the only one who can survive and be empowered after fighting against patriarchal culture, while Scarlet Blush is the opposite.

Everyday genocide: femicide, transicide and the responsibility to protect

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Standish
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a conceptual connection between gender-based violence (GBV) and genocide. Victims of gendercide, such as femicide and transicide, should be eligible for protections assigned to victims of genocide, including the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Design/methodology/approach This study examines genocide, gendercide, femicide, transicide and the R2P doctrine to formulate a platform of engagement from which to argue the alignment and congruence of genocide with gendercide. Using a content analysis of the United Nations High Commission for Refugees definition of GBV, and Article II of the Genocide Convention (GC) five “directive” facets are examined, namely, identity, physical violence, psychological violence, oppressive violence and repressive violence. Findings Expressions of physical violence, psychological violence, oppressive violence and repressive violence reflected similarity, whereas the GCs omit sex and gender as facets of identity group inclusion. The only variation is the encapsulation of identity factors included in the acts of harm. Practical implications The elevation of gendercide to the status of genocide would permit us the leverage to make it not only illegal to permit gendercide – internationally or in-country – but make it illegal not to intervene, too. Social implications Deliberate harm based on sex and gender are crimes against people because of their real or perceived group membership, and as such, should be included in genocide theory and prevention. Originality/value This study explores a new conceptual basis for addressing gendercidal violence nationally to include sex and gender victim groups typically excluded from formal parameters of inclusion and address due to limitations in Article II. The analysis of genocide alongside GBV may inform scholars and activists in the aim to end gendered violence.

scholarly journals Women working at university restaurants: life and work conditions and gender-based violence

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1016-1024
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Maxima Pereira Venancio ◽  
Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University

This is an exploratory and descriptive study with a quantitative approach that aimed to understand the social production and reproduction processes of women working at university restaurants and the occurrence and the magnitude of gender-based violence committed against them by their intimate partners. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The analysis categories used were social production and reproduction, gender and gender-based violence. The interviewees held a subordinate social position during the productive and reproductive periods of their lives. Approximately 70% reported having experienced gender-based violence from an intimate partner (66% psychological violence, 36.3% physical violence and 28.6% sexual violence). Most of the health problems resulting from violence were related to mental health. The results indicate that the situation requires immediate interventions, mostly guided by the instrumentalization of these women and the support by the state and the university as appropriate to address violence.

scholarly journals Mental Health Impact of Gender-Based Violence Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Anna Opanasenko ◽  
Halyna Lugova ◽  
Aye Aye Mon ◽  
Olesya Ivanko
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Gender Based

Gender-based violence (GBV) and poor mental health have received particular attention among healthcare professionals, policymakers, and researchers amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents a review of available literature to understand the dynamics of GBV and its mental health impact in the context of COVID-19. Confinement and control by abusive partners, social and economic disruption, and restricted access to healthcare services were identified as the main contributing factors of GBV. The paper elaborates on the contribution of broader socioeconomic determinants of health as well as cultural and societal factors of victimization in shaping GBV by placing specific populations or individuals in a more vulnerable position within the society based on their gender. Socioeconomic determinants included socioeconomic status, education, migration and racial, ethnic, or gender-based minoritisation. Cultural and societal factors of victimization are mostly related to gender-based structural power discrepancies and communication patterns. Evidence suggests a complex relationship between COVID-19 specific stressors, such as health anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty, GBV, and mental health issues. COVID-19 stressors might directly trigger the mechanism of aggression and cause physical or psychological violence and associated mental health implications in victims, or it might be mediated by pre-existing mental health issues experienced by perpetrators. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.17-25

scholarly journals Identifying Gender-Based Violence in Women from Aahh Laura Caller in the District of Los Olivos, Lima – 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yals Molina Ozejo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Based

The research entitled "Identifying gender violence in women of the AAHH Laura Caller in the district of Los Olivos, Lima - 2021". It aims to identify gender violence in women of the AAHH Laura Caller in the district of Los Olivos, Lima - 2021. The methodology had a quantitative approach, since the data collected will be measured through statistical analysis. Likewise, the research design is non-experimental, descriptive. The sample consisted of 50 women to whom a questionnaire was applied. The results showed the existence of physical violence, since it has been possible to identify slapping, pushing or throwing an object for having done something wrong as violence. As for psychological violence, it was possible to identify that the partners of most of the women had threatened to harm them and their children. In relation to sexual violence, it has been identified that the women's partners forced them to have sexual relations in exchange for money or goods. The conclusion is that there is a lack of knowledge of what physical, psychological and sexual violence is, and that they may be in danger of suffering mistreatment in their future relationships.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Related Lockdown on the Prevalence of Spousal Violence Against Women in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199792
Author(s):  
Kazhan I. Mahmood ◽  
Sherzad A. Shabu ◽  
Karwan M. M-Amen ◽  
Salar S. Hussain ◽  
Diana A. Kako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

There is increasing concern about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown’s social and economic consequences on gender-based violence. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender-based violence by comparing the prevalence of spousal violence against women before and during the COVID-19 related lockdown periods. This study was conducted in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq using a self-administered online questionnaire survey after the COVID-19 lockdown period in June 2020. Data were collected from a sample of 346 married women about the occurrence, frequency, and forms of spousal violence before and during the lockdown period. Significant increases in violence were observed from the pre-lockdown period to the lockdown period for any violence (32.1% to 38.7%, p = .001), emotional abuse (29.5% to 35.0%, p = .005), and physical violence (12.7% to 17.6%, p = .002). Regarding emotional abuse, humiliation (24.6% to 28.3%, p = .041) and scaring or intimidation (14.2% to 21.4%, p < .001) significantly increased during the lockdown. For physical violence, twisting the arm or pulling hair (9.0% to 13.0%, p = .004) and hitting (5.2% to 9.2%, p = .003) significantly increased during the lockdown. Forcing to have sexual intercourse also significantly increased during lockdown (6.6% to 9.5%., p = .021). The concerned authorities and women’s rights organizations should collaborate to enhance the prevention of violence against women. An effective prevention strategy should emphasize recognizing and acknowledging the extent of the problem, raising awareness about the problem and the available resources to address it, and ensuring social and economic stability. Lessons learned about the increased prevalence of spousal violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to adopt appropriate strategies to prevent and address it will be valuable for similar future crises.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescents in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joviana Quintes Avanci ◽  
Fernanda Serpeloni ◽  
Thiago Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Simone Gonçalves de Assis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Psychological Violence

Abstract Background The frequency of trauma and different types of violence exposure in urban areas and their effects on the mental health of adolescents in developing countries are poorly investigated. Most information about traumatized young people comes from war scenarios or disasters. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PTSD in trauma-exposed students in a low-resource city of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The effects of sociodemographic and individual and family factors in the development of PTSD were also investigated. Methods Through multi-stage cluster sampling, 862 adolescents (Mage = 15 years old, 65% female) from public and private schools in the city of São Gonçalo were selected for the study. Self-rating structured questionnaires were applied to assess sociodemographic profile, exposure to physical and psychological violence (family, school, community), sexual abuse, social support, social functional impairment, resilience, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The data were grouped in blocks regarding sociodemographic, individual, family, and community variables. For statistical analysis, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression were performed. Results The PTSD prevalence was 7.8% among adolescents. Boys were exposed to significantly higher number of events of community violence, while girls to family violence. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for PTSD were statistically significant for age (OR, 1.45, [95% CI, 1.043–2.007]), social functional impairment (OR, 4.82, [95% CI, 1.77–13.10]), severe maternal physical violence (OR, 2.79, [95% CI, 0.79–9.93]), psychological violence by significant people (OR, 3.96, [95% CI, 1.89–8.31]) and a high number of episodes of community violence (OR, 3.52, [95% CI, 1.47–8.40). Conclusions There was a high prevalence of PTSD within this population associated with exposure to violence. Not only physical, but also psychological violence contributed to PTSD. The results also raise awareness to the differences in life trajectories between boys and girls regarding violence. These differences need to be better understood in order to enable the development of effective preventative interventions. Treating and preventing mental health disorders presents a challenge for countries, especially those with a lower degree of social and economic development and high community violence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document