P272 Age patterns of oral and anal sexual practices among heterosexual males and females: a cross-sectional survey in Melbourne, Australia

Background The kissing practices of heterosexual men are not well understood, despite the potential of kissing to be a significant risk factor for gonorrhoea transmission. This study aimed to explore kissing and sex practices among heterosexual men. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among heterosexual men attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre in 2016–2017 was conducted. Men were asked to report their number of kissing-only (in the absence of sex), sex-only (in the absence of kissing) and kissing-with-sex partners in the last 3 months. The mean number of each partner type was calculated, and multivariable negative binomial regression was used to investigate associations between the number of different types of partners and demographic characteristics. Results: Of the 2351 heterosexual men, men reported a mean of 2.98 kissing-only, 0.54 sex-only and 2.64 kissing-with-sex partners in the last 3 months. Younger men had a mean higher number of kissing-only partners than older men (4.52 partners among men aged ≤24 years compared with 1.75 partners among men ≥35 years, P < 0.001). Men born in Europe had the most kissing-only partners (mean: 5.16 partners) and men born in Asia had the fewest kissing-only partners (mean: 1.61 partners). Men recently arrived in Australia, including travellers from overseas, had significantly more kissing-only partners (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR): 1.53; 95% CI: 1.31–1.80) than local men. Conclusions: This study provides novel data about kissing practices of heterosexual men. Studies assessing oropharyngeal gonorrhoea should include measurements of kissing until studies can clarify its contribution to transmission risk.

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Intimate Partner Violence: Childhood Witnessing and Subsequent Experiences of College Undergraduates

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260519860909 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 088626051986090

Author(s):

Christine M. Forke ◽

Rachel K. Myers ◽

A. Russell Localio ◽

Douglas J. Wiebe ◽

Joel A. Fein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Partner Violence ◽

Effect Modification ◽

Additive Effect ◽

Relationship Violence ◽

Confidence Bounds ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Additive Interaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Males And Females ◽

Adolescent Relationship

Previous work links witnessing adult violence in the home during childhood (“witnessing”) and adolescent relationship violence, but studies are limited to recent experiences with one or two outcomes, missing the holistic viewpoint describing lifetime experiences across multiple types of violence. We measured associations between witnessing and victimization (being harmed by violence) and perpetration (causing harm by violence) among males and females for the three most common types of adolescent relationship violence (physical, sexual, and emotional), and we assessed whether students experienced multiple outcomes (“polyvictimization/ polyperpetration”). We also compared sex-specific differences to assess for additive effect modification. We used an anonymous, cross-sectional survey with 907 undergraduates attending randomly selected classes at three urban East Coast colleges. Multiple logistic regression and marginal standardization were used to estimate predicted probabilities for each outcome among witnesses and non-witnesses; additive interaction by sex was assessed using quantifiable measures. 214 (24%) students reported witnessing and 403 (44%) students experienced adolescent relationship violence, with 162 (17.9%) and 37 (4.1%) experiencing polyvictimization and polyperpetration, respectively. Witnesses had higher risk than non-witnesses for physical, sexual, and emotional victimization and perpetration. Notably, witnesses also had higher risk for polyvictimization and polyperpetration. Additive effect modification by sex was insignificant at 95% confidence bounds, but distinct patterns emerged for males and females. Except for sexual victimization, female witnesses were more likely than female non-witnesses to experience all forms of victimization, including polyvictimization; they also had higher risk for perpetration, particularly physical perpetration. In contrast, victimization outcomes did not differ for male witnesses, but male witnesses were more likely than male non-witnesses to perpetrate all forms of violence, including polyperpetration.

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Difference in Gender Perception Regarding Smokeless Tobacco; A Cross Sectional Survey from Karachi Pakistan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-113069/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

NOUSHEEN Iqbal ◽

Muhammad Dawood Amir Sheikh ◽

Urooj Riaz ◽

Muhammad Irfan ◽

Safia Awan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotional Stress ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Stress Relief ◽

Limited Data ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender Perception ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean

Abstract BackgroundSmokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption is high in south Asia where it is a leading cause of head and neck cancer. However, limited data available on the perception of SLT consumption among males and females. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October to December 2018 in five major hospitals of Karachi Pakistan. All male and female, using SLT were first identified through random convenient sampling and then interviewed, 500 participants were approached and 455 were consented to participate in the study. ResultsOut of 455, 286(61.9%) were male, the mean age was 36.8±13.4 years. Among them 97(34%) males and 3(1.8%) females were also using cigarettes. Major reason for starting SLT among women was the norm of family 56(33%) followed by emotional stress relief 53(31%), while among male 69 (24%) started for emotional stress relief followed by the curiosity of trying something new in 59 (20.6%).Both male 205(71.7%) and female 130(76.9%) think it is less harmful then smoking while 44% (127) male and 63(37%) female think its bed for health. Only 100(35%) of men and 71(42%) of women believed that SLT use could cause cancer. Conclusion Smokeless tobacco is considered as less harmful among males and females. Social acceptability was also found to be common. Awareness regarding the harmful effect of SLT is required among both males and females.

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Testing measurement invariance of the learning programme management and evaluation (LPME) scale across gender using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis

Journal of Governance and Regulation ◽

10.22495/jgr_v4_i2_c1_p5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 124-131

Author(s):

Maelekanyo C. Tshilongamulenzhe

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

South African ◽

Factor Loading ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Development Context ◽

Males And Females ◽

Occupational Learning

The purpose of this study was to test measurement invariance of the LPME scale across gender using multi-group CFA. The LPME scale was developed to measure the effectiveness of management and evaluation practices pertaining to occupational learning programmes in the South African skills development context. A non-experimental cross-sectional survey was conducted with 389 human resource practitioners and apprentices/learners. The results indicate that the LPME scale is invariant between males and females at the levels of configural, metric and strong invariance. The number of factors/constructs, pattern of item factor loading, latent constructs variances and covariances, and the reliability of the LPME scale and its dimensions are equivalent between males and females.

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Sexual Harassment on Campus: A Study in a Nigeria University

AGOGO: Journal of Humanities ◽

10.46881/ajh.v4i0.218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

S. Y. Erinosho ◽

M. N. Femi-Oyewo ◽

E. O. Oduwole

Keyword(s):

Sexual Harassment ◽

Campus Climate ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Hostile Environment ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

University Campus ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Males And Females ◽

The University

Sexual harassment (SH) is increasingly reported as an issue of major concern among both students and staff on campuses across the globe, and has been confirmed to have social and psychological consequences on the victim. However, the scale of the menace is underplayed because of under-reporting of cases. As a way to containing and/or regulating the behaviour, it is therefore imperative to obtain credible evidence on the veracity, the different forms, and how they play out to affect student victims with a view to foster an equitable campus climate. Thus, against the magnitude of the anecdotal reports on SH and the absence of empirical evidence on its extent, this study is concerned with obtaining baseline data on the forms and prevalence of campus-based sexual harassment, as well as ascertaining the awareness and knowledge of SH among undergraduates in a Nigeria University (OOU). An exploratory study involving cross-sectional survey of 1420 males and females was undertaken cutting across the faculties and levels in the University. The findings confirmed the existence of sexual harassment in OOU campus, though reported not to be on a rampant scale. Also, the behavior elements that indicate features of a hostile-environment harassment were reported with most likely occurrence on the campus. The policy implications of the findings were highlighted and recommendations made towards the prevention of SH victimization on the University campus.

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Developing effective HIV education in Central Asia: a cross-sectional study among Kazakh medical students

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.9046 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (07) ◽

pp. 571-576

Author(s):

Zhamilya Sakenovna Nugmanova ◽

Gulzhakhan Mazhitovna Akhmetova ◽

Gulnara Sayabekovna Kurmangalieva ◽

Nataliya Grigorievna Kovtunenko ◽

Gulmira Rakhatovna Kalzhanbaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Condom Use ◽

Sexual Activity ◽

Central Asia ◽

Sexual Practices ◽

Heterosexual Transmission ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hiv Education ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: The HIV epidemic continues to expand in Central Asia, bridging from injecting drug users to the general population, largely through heterosexual transmission. This study describes medical students’ attitudes and behaviours regarding HIV and sexual practices in response to recently introduced HIV curriculum. Methodology: Medical students in Almaty, Kazakhstan, were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey between April and November, 2013. The survey assessed participant’s risk behaviours (e.g., injecting drug use, condom use), concerns related to HIV infection risk (e.g., medical care exposures, personal behaviours), and ability to identify HIV-positive individuals without asking their status. Bivariate analyses (Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test) and multivariate analysis (log-binomial regression) were conducted. Results: Of 647 medical students, the majority were female (82.2%) and single (92.8%) with a median age of 21-22 years. Sexual activity was reported by 176 (27.2%); males were substantially more likely to report sexual activity (74.8% males vs. 16.9% females, p <.0001). The majority of sexually active medical students (65.6% and 68.3% males and females, respectively) believe they can determine if their partner is HIV-positive without asking or seeking a laboratory test. This proportion is much higher (92.6%) among married or cohabitating women. No association between perceived ability to ascertain HIV status and condom use was identified. Conclusions: The medical students in our study had a relatively naïve perception of HIV risk, and their knowledge of risk did not translate to appropriate precautionary behaviours. Much work remains if the epidemic in Central Asia is to be contained.

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Characteristics of Sexual Behavior in Spanish Adolescents

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1017/s1138741600001852 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 471-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Inmaculada Teva ◽

Mª Paz Bermúdez ◽

Gualberto Buela-Casal

Keyword(s):

Sexual Behavior ◽

Sexual Intercourse ◽

Female Adolescents ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Steady Partner ◽

Number Of Sexual Partners ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean

The aim of this study is to describe some characteristics of the sexual behavior of adolescents in Spain and to compare these characteristics according to gender, using a cross-sectional survey. Participants were 1.279 male and female adolescents who reported having had sexual intercourse. A questionnaire about sexual behavior was applied at their high schools and during school hours. Data were collected between 2006 and 2007. Mean age at the onset of sexual intercourse was 14.8 years in males and 15.0 years in females. Males and females were different according to the type of partner at the last sexual intercourse: 63.0% of males had a steady partner compared to 90.5% of females (p<0.01). The mean number of sexual partners during the last 12 months was higher in males than in females (M= 2.1 andM= 1.5 partners, for males and females, respectively,p<0.01). 50.0% of males had sexual intercourse under the effects of drugs versus 39.3% of females (p<0.01). STD and HIV prevention programs should be designed considering the differences according to adolescents’ sex.

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Significance of Recording Dental Morphological Features: An Aid in Personal Identification

RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.26715/rjds.13_3_6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 184-188

Author(s):

Mamata S. Kamat ◽

Uma V. Datar ◽

Margi Vadaliyac ◽

Umesh P. Wadgave ◽

Varsha VK

Keyword(s):

Personal Identification ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Person Identification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

Males And Females ◽

Dental Records ◽

Forensic Value

Aims: To record selected dental morphological features among students of our medical campus, to correlate type of dental features in males and females and to maintain records of these dental features among the study population as database for personal identification. Methodology: The present cross-sectional survey was carried out among students of Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical Campus, Sangli aged between 18-25 years. The detailed clinical examination was done to record various dental morphological features. Descriptive statistics were employed. Results: Overall, 720 students from the medical, dental and nursing colleges of our medical campus took part in the survey, consisting of 309 (42.91%) males and 411 (57.08%) females. The selected dental features were observed in 13.7% (n=97) of subjects. The most frequent features detected were talon’s cusp & cusp of Carabelli and the least being parastyle, protostylid and fusion. Cusp of Carabelli showed frequent bilateral presence than unilateral. Conclusion: The study findings stipulate an evolutionary reduction in the size of human dentition. The study highlighted the necessity for understanding the forensic value of these dental morphological features and maintenance of dental records as an adjuvant in person identification.

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Incidence, Awareness, and Reporting of Sport-Related Concussions in Manitoba High Schools

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2019.58 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (04) ◽

pp. 443-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Glen L. Bergeron

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High Schools ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

High School Athletes ◽

Emotional Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Division ◽

Males And Females ◽

Strong Agreement

ABSTRACT:Background and Objectives: Federal and provincial governments in Canada are promoting provincial legislation to prevent and manage sport-related concussions (SRCs). The objective of this research was to determine the incidence of concussions in high school sport, the knowledge of the signs, symptoms, and consequences of SRC, and how likely student athletes are to report a concussion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of athletes (N = 225) from multiple sports in five high schools in one Manitoba school division was conducted. Results: Participants in this study were well aware of the signs, symptoms, and consequences of SRC. Cognitive and emotional symptoms were the least recognized consequences. SRC is prevalent in high schools in both males and females across all sports. Of the 225 respondents, 35.3% reported having sustained an SRC. Less than half (45.5%) reported their concussion. Athletes purposely chose not to report a concussion in games (38.4%) and practices (33.8%). Two major barriers to reporting were feeling embarrassed (3.4/7) and finding it difficult (3.5/7) to report. There was, however, strong agreement (Mean 5.91/7, SD 0.09) when asked if they intend to report a concussion should they experience one in the future. Conclusions: The results suggest that high school athletes would benefit from more SRC education. Coaches and team medical staff must be trained to be vigilant for the mechanism, signs, and symptoms of injury in both game and practice situations. This study will also inform the implementation of pending legislation in Manitoba and perhaps other provinces in Canada.

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Sexual health of homeless youth: prevalence and correlates of sexually transmissible infections

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh06045 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Kimberly A. Tyler ◽

Les B. Whitbeck ◽

Xiaojin Chen ◽

Kurt Johnson

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Homeless Youth ◽

Sexual Practices ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Midwestern Usa ◽

Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽

Unit Increase ◽

Sexual Histories

Background: The study examined risk factors for having ever contracted sexually transmissible infections (STI) among a high-risk sample in midwestern USA. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among 428 homeless youth aged 16–19 years. Assessed correlates included child maltreatment, street exposure, sexual histories, street experiences and substance use. Results: Multivariate analyses revealed that males were 86% less likely to have had STI compared with females (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06–0.31). Blacks were almost four times more likely (AOR = 3.71; 95% CI = 1.80–7.63) and other races were over two times more likely (AOR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.08–4.67) to have had STI compared with whites. For every one unit increase in the number of times youth ran away, there was a 3% increase in the likelihood of ever having had an STI (AOR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01–1.06). For every one unit increase in frequency of condom use there was a 61% decrease in the likelihood of an STI (AOR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.10–1.76). Finally, youth who traded sex were approximately 2.5 times more likely to have had STI compared with youth who did not trade sex (AOR = 2.36; 95% CI = 1.04–5.34). None of the remaining correlates approached multivariate significance. Conclusions: The amount of time youth spend on the street, their sexual practices, and their subsistence strategies are important correlates of STI and females and non-whites are particularly vulnerable among this high-risk population.

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