Elements present in mineral nutrient reserves in dry Arabidopsis thaliana seeds of wild type and pho1, pho2, and man1 mutants

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1292-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
John NA Lott ◽  
M Marcia West
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nutrient Storage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spherical Inclusions ◽  
Nutrient Reserves ◽  
Total P ◽  
Different Tissues

Comparison of wild type and mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana offers an opportunity to study the genetic control of nutrient storage in seeds. We used energy dispersive X-ray analysis to determine the elements present and their relative amounts in globoids of dry wild-type seeds, as well as seeds of a reduced total P uptake mutant (pho1), a phosphate accumulator (pho2), and a metal accumulator (man1). Globoids are spherical inclusions, rich in phytate that function as a store for inositol, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, and Zn. Key findings of this study were the following: (i) globoids in protein bodies from nine different tissues and (or) organs in dry Arabidopsis thaliana seeds contained P, K, Mg, and Ca, and sometimes traces of Fe and Zn; (ii) globoids contained higher Ca and lower Mg amounts than occur in globoids in seeds of most other plant species; (iii) globoids in comparable tissue and (or) organ regions of seeds were very similar in elemental composition for wild type and all mutant plants.Key words: Arabidopsis, dry seeds, phytate, mineral nutrient mutants, phosphorus, globoids.

Elements present in mineral nutrient reserves in dry Arabidopsis thaliana seeds of wild type and pho1, pho2, and man1 mutants

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1292-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N.A. Lott ◽  
M. Marcia West
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nutrient Reserves

Elemental composition of globoids in the perisperm tissue of various seeds

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marcia West ◽  
Derrick T. Flannigan ◽  
John N.A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phytate Phosphorus ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Yucca Brevifolia ◽  
Nutrient Reserves ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

The mature seeds of some angiosperms contain perisperm tissue derived from remains of the nucellus tissue of the ovule. In our transmission electron microscopy studies, the perisperm tissues of the seeds of Yucca brevifolia, Coffea arabica, Beta vulgaris, Piper nigrum, and Zostera capricorni contained naturally electron-dense globoids. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of globoids from the perisperm tissues of these seeds revealed varying levels of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, results that are consistent with the presence of the mineral nutrient store called phytate. Phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and other mineral nutrients, likely stored as phytate, have routinely been located in globoids of endosperm, female gametophyte, and embryo tissues of seeds. Key words: perisperm, globoids, mineral nutrient reserves, phosphorus, seeds, energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

The influence of experimentally induced changes in the (Mg + Ca):K balance on protein bodies formed in developing Cucurbita seeds

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. A. Lott ◽  
Irene Ockenden ◽  
Patrice Kerr ◽  
Marcia West ◽  
Thelma Leech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Nutrient Storage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Induced Changes

Phytate, the main mineral nutrient storage compound in seeds, is stored inside protein bodies. Phytate is usually concentrated in dense bodies called globoid crystals. In 1985, Lott and co-workers proposed that the balance of (Mg + Ca):K may be important in controlling globoid crystal formation and provided some experimental evidence to support this proposal. To test this hypothesis further, developing Cucurbita fruits were injected with sterile K salt solutions. Squash cotyledons generally have large globoid crystals and a relatively high (Mg + Ca):K ratio. We hypothesized that experimental reduction of the ratio by the addition of K would result in the alteration of the size and number of globoid crystals. Developing seeds were remarkably resistant to attempts to alter the elements taken up for storage. The elemental content of embryo tissues was measured quantitatively with neutron activation analysis. Controls plus those few samples showing a distinct shift in the ratio owing to elevated K content were analyzed further. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of cryogenically prepared samples was used to study the elemental content of globoid crystals and transmission electron microscopy was used to study the ultrastructure of the protein bodies. The results provide additional support for the hypothesis being tested. Key words: phytate, globoid crystals, Cucurbita, seeds, mineral nutrients, protein bodies.

Non-destructive X-ray analysis of Arabidopsis embryo mutants

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bino ◽  
J. W. Aartse ◽  
W. J. van der Burg
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Embryo Morphology ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Mature Seeds

AbstractX-radiography is a simple, rapid and non-destructive method for analysing the morphology of embryos in dry, mature seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana. In wild type seeds, the cotyledons, hypocotyl and radicle tip can be readily distinguished. In seeds of the mutant types knolle, keule, and the double mutant keulelgnom, aberrations in embryo morphology can be visualized. X-radiography may therefore be useful in the isolation of embryo mutants from Arabidopsis seed samples.

scholarly journals Temperature-Sensitive, Vitamin-Requiring Mutants of Arabidopsis Thaliana

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Langridge
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Induced Mutant

Three mutants of Arabidopsi8 requiring specific vitamins for growth at certain temperatures are described. All are due to recessive mutations of single wild-type genes. One X-ray-induced mutant is unable to synthesize thiamine at low tempera-tures because of a block in the phosphorylation or coupling of the immediate precursors. Two mutants which require biotin for growth at high temperatures are determined by recessive alleles of the same gene. These mutants comprise naturally occurring ecotypes in Spain and Austria. Experiments indicate that an inability to make biotin at high temperatures may be adaptively advantageous. The consequent cessation in growth is a balanced one, readily reversible by a lowering of temperature, which allows the plant to escape the irreversible sterilizing effect of heat.

scholarly journals Plant growth and phosphorus accumulation of wild type and two root hair mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 958-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence R. Bates ◽  
Jonathan P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation

scholarly journals Inhibition of cell expansion enhances cortical microtubule stability in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Giourieva ◽  
Emmanuel Panteris
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Cortical Microtubule ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Cortical Microtubules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Microtubule Stability

Abstract Background Cortical microtubules regulate cell expansion by determining cellulose microfibril orientation in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana. While the regulation of cell wall properties by cortical microtubules is well studied, the data on the influence of cell wall to cortical microtubule organization and stability remain scarce. Studies on cellulose biosynthesis mutants revealed that cortical microtubules depend on Cellulose Synthase A (CESA) function and/or cell expansion. Furthermore, it has been reported that cortical microtubules in cellulose-deficient mutants are hypersensitive to oryzalin. In this work, the persistence of cortical microtubules against anti-microtubule treatment was thoroughly studied in the roots of several cesa mutants, namely thanatos, mre1, any1, prc1-1 and rsw1, and the Cellulose Synthase Interacting 1 protein (csi1) mutant pom2-4. In addition, various treatments with drugs affecting cell expansion were performed on wild-type roots. Whole mount tubulin immunolabeling was applied in the above roots and observations were performed by confocal microscopy. Results Cortical microtubules in all mutants showed statistically significant increased persistence against anti-microtubule drugs, compared to those of the wild-type. Furthermore, to examine if the enhanced stability of cortical microtubules was due to reduced cellulose biosynthesis or to suppression of cell expansion, treatments of wild-type roots with 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB) and Congo red were performed. After these treatments, cortical microtubules appeared more resistant to oryzalin, than in the control. Conclusions According to these findings, it may be concluded that inhibition of cell expansion, irrespective of the cause, results in increased microtubule stability in A. thaliana root. In addition, cell expansion does not only rely on cortical microtubule orientation but also plays a regulatory role in microtubule dynamics, as well. Various hypotheses may explain the increased cortical microtubule stability under decreased cell expansion such as the role of cell wall sensors and the presence of less dynamic cortical microtubules.

scholarly journals 1,135 ionomes reveals the global pattern of leaf and seed mineral nutrient and trace element diversity in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina A. L. Campos ◽  
William F.A. Dijk ◽  
Priya Ramakrishna ◽  
Tom Giles ◽  
Pamela Korte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Global Pattern
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