NPR1 enhances the DNA binding activity of the Arabidopsis bZIP transcription factor TGA7This paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue from the National Research Council of Canada – Plant Biotechnology Institute.

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather L. Shearer ◽  
Lipu Wang ◽  
Catherine DeLong ◽  
Charles Despres ◽  
Pierre R. Fobert
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Bzip Transcription Factor ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Promoter Elements ◽  
Tga Factors

Pathogen-induced transcriptional reprogramming of the plant genome is mediated predominantly by the cofactor NPR1 (NON-EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1). NPR1 lacks any known DNA-binding domain and is proposed to regulate transcription through interactions with TGA transcription factors that bind to as-1-like promoter elements. Previous studies have focused on the interaction of NPR1 with subgroup I (TGA1, TGA4) or subgroup II (TGA2, TGA5, TGA6) factors. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we showed that a member of subgroup III (TGA7) interacts with wild-type NPR1 but not with mutants in the ankyrin repeats that are important for disease resistance. Mutations in the NPR1 BTB/POZ domain also greatly reduced interaction with TGA7. NPR1 substantially increased the binding of TGA7 to cognate promoter elements in vitro, including a salicylic-acid-inducible element of the PR-1 promoter. While TGA7 interacted with all TGA factors tested, interactions were not observed between TGA2 and subgroup I factors, indicating that cross-clade interaction is not a general property of the family. Transcripts from subgroup III TGA factors were weakly inducible by salicylic acid and pathogens, but only TGA3 expression was dependent on NPR1. These results suggest that NPR1-mediated DNA binding of TGA7 could regulate the activation of defense genes.

Identification of a family of DNA-binding proteins with homology to RNA splicing factors

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy L Shipman ◽  
Phillip J Robinson ◽  
Bruce R King ◽  
Roger Smith ◽  
Richard C Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Rna Splicing ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Bzip Transcription Factor ◽  
Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Human Proteins

We describe a unique family of human proteins that are capable of binding to the cAMP regulatory element (CRE) and that are homologous to RNA splicing proteins. A human cDNA was isolated that encodes a protein with a distinctive combination of modular domain structures: 2 leucine-zipper-like domains, a DNA-binding zinc-finger-like domain, an RNA-binding zinc-finger-like domain, and 2 coiled-coil protein–protein interaction domains. It also has a serine–arginine - rich domain, commonly found in proteins involved in RNA splicing. The protein was discovered using the CRE as bait in a yeast 1-hybrid assay. It was then shown to bind specifically to the CRE in vitro using gel shift assays. We have named the protein CRE-associated protein (CREAP). We show that it is widely expressed in human tissues but is highly expressed in several fetal tissues and in several regions of the adult brain. CREAP is closely related to 2 human proteins of unknown function. CREAP shows significant homology with a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein of yeast, Luc7p, involved in 5′ splice site recognition. The 3 human CREAP proteins form a unique family with the potential to act as transcription factors that link to RNA processing.Key words: multifunctional protein, zinc finger, bZIP, transcription factor, splicing factor, protein family, CRH, CRE.

scholarly journals Interaction of bZIP transcription factor TGA6 with salicylic acid signaling modulates artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (15) ◽  
pp. 3969-3979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongyou Lv ◽  
Zhiying Guo ◽  
Lida Zhang ◽  
Fangyuan Zhang ◽  
Weimin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Bzip Transcription Factor ◽  
Basic Leucine Zipper ◽  
Dna Binding Activity ◽  
Artemisinin Biosynthesis

Abstract Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone produced by the Chinese traditional herb Artemisia annua and is used for the treatment of malaria. It is known that salicylic acid (SA) can enhance artemisinin content but the mechanism by which it does so is not known. In this study, we systematically investigated a basic leucine zipper family transcription factor, AaTGA6, involved in SA signaling to regulate artemisinin biosynthesis. We found specific in vivo and in vitro binding of the AaTGA6 protein to a ‘TGACG’ element in the AaERF1 promoter. Moreover, we demonstrated that AaNPR1 can interact with AaTGA6 and enhance its DNA-binding activity to its cognate promoter element ‘TGACG’ in the promoter of AaERF1, thus enhancing artemisinin biosynthesis. The artemisinin contents in AaTGA6-overexpressing and RNAi transgenic plants were increased by 90–120% and decreased by 20–60%, respectively, indicating that AaTGA6 plays a positive role in artemisinin biosynthesis. Importantly, heterodimerization with AaTGA3 significantly inhibits the DNA-binding activity of AaTGA6 and plays a negative role in target gene activation. In conclusion, we demonstrate that binding of AaTGA6 to the promoter of the artemisinin-regulatory gene AaERF1 is enhanced by AaNPR1 and inhibited by AaTGA3. Based on these findings, AaTGA6 has potential value in the genetic engineering of artemisinin production.

Influence of salicylic acid on organogenesis of in vitro plants Fragaria ananassa Duch.

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
O.V. Subin ◽  
◽  
M.D. Melnychuk ◽  
A.F. Likhanov ◽  
O.L. Klyachenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
In Vitro Plants

Plant Biotechnology Workshop for High School Students

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 504e-504
Author(s):  
Erika Szendrak ◽  
Paul E. Read ◽  
Jon S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
High School Biology ◽  
School Students ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
Set Up

Modern aspects of many subjects (e.g., computer science and some aspects of medical science) are now taught in many high schools, but the plant sciences are often given short shrift. A collaboration was therefore established with a high school biology program in which pilot workshops could be developed to enable advanced students to gain insights into modern plant science techniques. A successful example is the workshop on plant biotechnology presented in this report. This workshop is simple and flexible, taking into account that most high school biology laboratories and classrooms are not set up for sophisticated plant science/biotechnology projects. It is suitable for from 10 to 30 students, depending upon space and facilities available. Students work in pairs or trios, and learn simple disinfestation and transfer techniques for micropropagation and potential subsequent transformation treatments. Students gain insights into: sterile technique and hygiene; plant hormones and their physiological effects; plant cell, tissue and organ culture; the influence of environmental factors on response of cells and tissues cultured in vitro; and an understanding of the phenomenon of organogenesis and resulting plant growth and development. This workshop has been tested on several classes of students and following analysis, several refinements were included in subsequent iterations. Results of the students' experiments have been positive and instructive, with student learning outcomes above expectations. Further details of the workshop techniques and approach will be presented.

scholarly journals Novel Transcriptional Regulons for Autotrophic Cycle Genes in Crenarchaeota

2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (14) ◽  
pp. 2383-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semen A. Leyn ◽  
Irina A. Rodionova ◽  
Xiaoqing Li ◽  
Dmitry A. Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genome Context

ABSTRACTAutotrophic microorganisms are able to utilize carbon dioxide as their only carbon source, or, alternatively, many of them can grow heterotrophically on organics. Different variants of autotrophic pathways have been identified in various lineages of the phylumCrenarchaeota. Aerobic members of the orderSulfolobalesutilize the hydroxypropionate-hydroxybutyrate cycle (HHC) to fix inorganic carbon, whereas anaerobicThermoprotealesuse the dicarboxylate-hydroxybutyrate cycle (DHC). Knowledge of transcriptional regulation of autotrophic pathways inArchaeais limited. We applied a comparative genomics approach to predict novel autotrophic regulons in theCrenarchaeota. We report identification of two novel DNA motifs associated with the autotrophic pathway genes in theSulfolobales(HHC box) andThermoproteales(DHC box). Based on genome context evidence, the HHC box regulon was attributed to a novel transcription factor from the TrmB family named HhcR. Orthologs of HhcR are present in allSulfolobalesgenomes but were not found in other lineages. A predicted HHC box regulatory motif was confirmed byin vitrobinding assays with the recombinant HhcR protein fromMetallosphaera yellowstonensis. For the DHC box regulon, we assigned a different potential regulator, named DhcR, which is restricted to the orderThermoproteales. DhcR inThermoproteus neutrophilus(Tneu_0751) was previously identified as a DNA-binding protein with high affinity for the promoter regions of two autotrophic operons. The global HhcR and DhcR regulons reconstructed by comparative genomics were reconciled with available omics data inMetallosphaeraandThermoproteusspp. The identified regulons constitute two novel mechanisms for transcriptional control of autotrophic pathways in theCrenarchaeota.IMPORTANCELittle is known about transcriptional regulation of carbon dioxide fixation pathways inArchaea. We previously applied the comparative genomics approach for reconstruction of DtxR family regulons in diverse lineages ofArchaea. Here, we utilize similar computational approaches to identify novel regulatory motifs for genes that are autotrophically induced in microorganisms from two lineages ofCrenarchaeotaand to reconstruct the respective regulons. The predicted novel regulons in archaeal genomes control the majority of autotrophic pathway genes and also other carbon and energy metabolism genes. The HhcR regulon was experimentally validated by DNA-binding assays inMetallosphaeraspp. Novel regulons described for the first time in this work provide a basis for understanding the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of autotrophic pathways inArchaea.

AP-1 DNA binding activity regulates the cartilage tissue remodeling process following cyclic compression in vitro

Biorheology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.N.A. De Croos ◽  
R.M. Pilliar ◽  
R.A. Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Tissue Remodeling ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cyclic Compression ◽  
Dna Binding Activity
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