scholarly journals Biotic interactions experienced by a new invader: effects of its close relatives at the community scale

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Hill ◽  
Peter M. Kotanen
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Community Type ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Soil Sterilization ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
Solidago Virgaurea ◽  
Close Relatives

The success of nonindigenous species may be influenced by biotic interactions during the initial stages of invasion. Here, we investigated whether a potential invader, Solidago virgaurea L., would experience more damage by natural enemies in communities dominated by close relatives than those without them; interactions with mutualistic mycorrhizae might partially counteract these effects. We monitored damage experienced by S. virgaurea planted into communities with native congeners and without close relatives. Community type was crossed with a vegetation removal treatment to assess the combined effects of herbivory and competition on survival. We also evaluated growth of S. virgaurea in a greenhouse experiment where seedlings were exposed to soil biota sampled from these communities and compared with sterile controls. Overall, community type did not affect levels of herbivory or plant survival. Removal of surrounding vegetation resulted in reduced damage and increased survival; these effects were largest in grass-dominated communities. Soil sterilization reduced root growth and tended to reduce shoot growth, especially when compared with plants inoculated with biota collected near congeners. Overall, our results suggest that the presence of close relatives is unlikely to make old-field communities more resistant to invasion by S. virgaurea; instead, soil biota might facilitate growth in communities dominated by close relatives.

scholarly journals Direct Biotic Plant–soil Feedback Promotes Dodonaea Viscosa Growth in a Dry-hot Valley, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Bangguo Yan ◽  
Liangtao Shi ◽  
Gangcai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Conditioning Phase ◽  
Dodonaea Viscosa ◽  
Soil Sterilization ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Feedback ◽  
Feedback Phase

Abstract Biotic plant-soil feedback has been widely studied, and may be particularly important in resource-poor areas. However, the roles of soil nutrient cycling in affecting plant growth in this process still remained unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of soil biota in regulating nutrient cycling by conducting a two-phase feedback experiment in a dry-hot valley, with a conditioning phase during which there were Dodonaea viscosa or no D. viscosa growing in the soil, and a feedback phase in which the effect of the conditioned soil biota on D. viscosa performance was measured. The growth of D. viscosa significantly reduced soil N after the conditioning phase. However, D. viscosa showed a positive plant-soil feedback. In the feedback phase, the D. viscosa conditioned soil promoted the stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf dry mass content of D. viscosa. Total biomass was also significantly higher in D. viscosa conditioned soil than that in not conditioned soil. In contrast, soil sterilization had a negative effect on the growth of D. viscosa, with a significant reduction in plant biomass, especially in D. viscosa conditioned soil, and soil sterilization significantly increased the root: shoot biomass ratio and litter mass. Furthermore, we showed that although the biota-driven changes in enzyme activities correlated with the leaf N and P amount especially P amount, the enzyme activity was not the main reason to promote D. viscosa growth in the conditioned soil.

Density and biotic interactions modify the combined effects of global and local stressors

Oikos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (12) ◽  
pp. 1746-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Brooks ◽  
Tasman P. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Global And Local

scholarly journals Do young tropical restoration plantations exhibit a phylogenetic pattern that suggests the influence of biotic processes affecting species composition?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Schweizer ◽  
Gregory S Gilbert ◽  
Rafael Aizprua
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Phylogenetic Overdispersion ◽  
Overstory Tree

One approach in forest restoration is to plant trees that will establish an initial canopy to promote forest recovery through natural recruitment of other species. Here we evaluate the patterns of either phylogenetic overdispersion or phylogenetic clustering on community assembly beneath seven different single-species tree plantations. We expected the presence of negative biotic interactions between closely related overstory and recruiting tree species, as well as among related recruiting species, to lead to phylogenetic overdispersion. We found no evidence for inhibition of close relatives of the overstory tree species. However, we found more understory species than expected that were very distantly related to the overstory tree when the canopy was comprised of Fabaceae species, which lead to the presence of similar species in the understory of legume species. We found weak phylogenetic patterns among species in the understory community that suggest the presence of random processes of community assembly, maybe due to the young age of the understory communities studied.

scholarly journals Do young tropical restoration plantations exhibit a phylogenetic pattern that suggests the influence of biotic processes affecting species composition?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Schweizer ◽  
Gregory S Gilbert ◽  
Rafael Aizprua
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Phylogenetic Overdispersion ◽  
Overstory Tree

One approach in forest restoration is to plant trees that will establish an initial canopy to promote forest recovery through natural recruitment of other species. Here we evaluate the patterns of either phylogenetic overdispersion or phylogenetic clustering on community assembly beneath seven different single-species tree plantations. We expected the presence of negative biotic interactions between closely related overstory and recruiting tree species, as well as among related recruiting species, to lead to phylogenetic overdispersion. We found no evidence for inhibition of close relatives of the overstory tree species. However, we found more understory species than expected that were very distantly related to the overstory tree when the canopy was comprised of Fabaceae species, which lead to the presence of similar species in the understory of legume species. We found weak phylogenetic patterns among species in the understory community that suggest the presence of random processes of community assembly, maybe due to the young age of the understory communities studied.

scholarly journals Combined effects of climate and biotic interactions on the elevational range of a phytophagous insect

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Merrill ◽  
David Gutiérrez ◽  
Owen T. Lewis ◽  
Javier Gutiérrez ◽  
Sonia B. Díez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Phytophagous Insect ◽  
Elevational Range

scholarly journals Combined Impacts of Predation, Mutualism and Dispersal on the Dynamics of a Four-Species Ecological System

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtala Bello Aliyu ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Stable Limit ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Coexistence Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
The Stability

Multi-species and ecosystem models have provided ecologist with an excellent opportunity to study the effects of multiple biotic interactions in an ecological system. Predation and mutualism are among the most prevalent biotic interactions in the multi-species system. Several ecological studies exist, but they are based on one-or two-species interactions, and in real life, multiple interactions are natural characteristics of a multi-species community. Here, we use a system of partial differential equations to study the combined effects of predation, mutualism and dispersal on the multi-species coexistence and community stability in the ecological system. Our results show that predation provided a defensive mechanism against the negative consequences of the multiple species interactions by reducing the net effect of competition. Predation is critical in the stability and coexistence of the multi-species community. The combined effects of predation and dispersal enhance the multiple species coexistence and persistence. Dispersal exerts a positive effect on the system by supporting multiple species coexistence and stability of community structures. Dispersal process also reduces the adverse effects associated with multiple species interactions. Additionally, mutualism induces oscillatory behaviour on the system through Hopf bifurcation. The roles of mutualism also support multiple species coexistence mechanisms (for some threshold values) by increasing the stable coexistence and the stable limit cycle regions. We discover that the stability and coexistence mechanisms are controlled by the transcritical and Hopf bifurcation that occurs in this system. Most importantly, our results show the important influences of predation, mutualism and dispersal in the stability and coexistence of the multi-species communities

scholarly journals Combined effects of low light and water stress on Jatropha curcas L. promotes shoot growth and morphological adjustment

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Christina Silveira Carneiro ◽  
Eduardo Gusmão Pereira ◽  
João Paulo Souza
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L

scholarly journals Manipulation of soil biota in ecological research

Web Ecology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.-M. He ◽  
Q.-G. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Soil Sterilization

Abstract. Manipulation of soil biota, such as soil sterilization, may have complex effects as they alter soil properties as well as microorganism communities. To assess the effects of such manipulation, we conducted an experiment using three sterilizing approaches, two soil types, and two plant species to identify the problems that may occur when different sterilizing approaches are used. The sterilizing treatments decreased growth of plants and resulted in large changes in soil nutrients and pH. Such effects varied with the approach followed. Our data suggest that studied effects on soil biota may be misleading if we fail to consider such changes in the soil.

Biotic interactions drive ecosystem responses to exotic plant invaders

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6494) ◽  
pp. 967-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Waller ◽  
W. J. Allen ◽  
B. I. P. Barratt ◽  
L. M. Condron ◽  
F. M. França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Exotic Plant ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Plant Invaders ◽  
Plant Effects

Ecosystem process rates typically increase after plant invasion, but the extent to which this is driven by (i) changes in productivity, (ii) exotic species’ traits, or (iii) novel (non-coevolved) biotic interactions has never been quantified. We created communities varying in exotic plant dominance, plant traits, soil biota, and invertebrate herbivores and measured indicators of carbon cycling. Interactions with soil biota and herbivores were the strongest drivers of exotic plant effects, particularly on measures of soil carbon turnover. Moreover, plant traits related to growth and nutrient acquisition explained differences in the ways that exotic plants interacted with novel biota compared with natives. We conclude that novel biological interactions with exotic species are a more important driver of ecosystem transformation than was previously recognized.

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