In vitro propagation of Crambe maritima

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. Peron ◽  
E. Regnier
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Acclimatization Period

A method for rapid micropropagation of sea kale (Crambe maritima L.) was developed. Petiole explants placed in vitro on a medium containing 0.5 mg/L indoleacetic acid (IAA), 6.0 mg/L kinetin, and 1.5 mg/L benzylaminopurine developed callus within 15 days and shoots within 28 days. Nearly four adventitious shoots could be developed within 3 weeks by placing the initial shoot on media without IAA. To develop roots, the shoots were then transferred to the basal medium containing 0.1 to 1.0 mg/L indolbutyric or α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Rooted plantlets were obtained within 2 or 3 weeks. After an acclimatization period of 6 weeks in a greenhouse in unsterilized medium, the plantlets could be set outdoors.

scholarly journals A Highly Efficient In Vitro Cranberry Regeneration System Using Leaf Explants

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 948-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luping Qu ◽  
James Polashock ◽  
Nicholi Vorsa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
Adventitious Regeneration ◽  
Explant Orientation

A very efficient adventitious regeneration (shoot organogenesis) system for cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) leaves was developed. A basal medium consisting of Anderson's rhododendron salts and Murashige and Skoog's (MS) organics, supplemented with 10.0 μm thidiazuron (TDZ) and 5.0 μm 2ip, was effective for adventitious regeneration from leaves for the five cranberry cultivars tested: `Early Black', `Pilgrim', `Stevens', `Ben Lear', and `No. 35'. Parameters examined included: 1) varying combinations of three plant growth regulators (TDZ, 2ip, and NAA); 2) explant orientation (adaxial vs. abaxial side in contact with the medium); and 3) leaf position relative to the apical meristem from the source plant. Cultivars varied in regeneration frequency, but cultivar × growth regulator interaction was nonsignificant. With optimal treatment conditions, regeneration occurred on more than 95% of the explants, with `Early Black' and `Pilgrim' producing as many as 100 shoot meristems per explant. At all concentrations tested, NAA (as low as 0.1 μm) increased callus formation and significantly reduced regeneration. Emerging adventitious shoots were always observed on the adaxial side of the leaves regardless of explant orientation on the medium. Regeneration was much greater when the abaxial side was in contact with the medium, and was not related to leaf position on the source plants. Elongation of adventitious shoots began ≈2 weeks after transfer to the basal medium without growth regulators. Cuttings of elongated shoots rooted 100% both in vitro in the basal medium and ex vitro in shredded sphagnum moss. The high regeneration efficiency achieved by using this system will be very useful in the application of techniques, such as Agrobacterium- and particle bombardment-mediated transformation. Chemical names used: 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea (thidiazuron, TDZ); N6-(γ-γ-dimethyallylamino) purine (2ip); α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration through Protocorm-like Bodies Induced from Nodal Explants of Syngonium podophyllum ‘White Butterfly’

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2129-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Cui ◽  
Juanxu Liu ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Richard J. Henny
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Petiole Explants

Syngonium podophyllum ‘White Butterfly’, one of the most popular ornamental foliage plants, is propagated almost exclusively through in vitro shoot culture. Ex vitro rooting, however, has been associated with severe Myrothecium leaf spot (Myrothecium roridum Tode ex Fr.). The objective of this study was to establish a method for regenerating well-rooted plantlets before ex vitro transplanting. Leaf and petiole explants were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU), N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (TDZ), 6-benzyladenine (BA), or N-isopentenylaminopurine (2iP) with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), respectively. Calli formed from leaf explants cultured on the basal medium supplemented with CPPU or TDZ with 2,4-D or with NAA as well as from petiole explants cultured on the medium supplemented with BA, CPPU, or TDZ with 2,4-D or NAA. The calli, however, failed to differentiate, and shoot organogenesis did not occur. Culture of nodal explants on the MS basal medium supplemented with 9.84 μm 2iP, 8.88 μm BA, 8.07 μm CPPU, or 9.08 μm TDZ with 2.26 μm 2,4-D resulted in the formation of protocorm-like bodies, adventitious shoots, and subsequently well-rooted plantlets. MS basal medium supplemented with 19.68 μm 2iP and 1.07 μm NAA resulted in the highest percentage (92.9%) of nodal explants producing protocorm-like bodies and an average of 16.9 well-rooted plantlets per nodal explant. Adventitious shoots were able to root in the initial induction medium, but better root development occurred after shoots with protocorm-like bodies were transferred onto MS basal medium supplemented with 9.84 μm 2iP and 2.69 μm NAA. Regenerated plantlets were stable and grew vigorously with 100% survival rates after ex vitro transplanting to a container substrate in a shaded greenhouse.

scholarly journals Solasodine accumulation in regenerated plants of Solanum torvum Sw

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B Moreira ◽  
S.S Lima ◽  
M.A Esquibel ◽  
A Sato
Keyword(s):  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Spectrophotometric Assay ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Great Production

A nodal segment culture was developed in order to assess Solanum torvum Sw. regeneration and solasodine levels. The influence of auxins (indoleacetic acid, 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) and benzyl adenine on S. torvum growth in micropropagation was investigated. A nodal segment culture was initiated with seeds germinated in MS basal medium added of GA3 and grown in different concentrations of IAA, IAA + BAP and NAA + BAP. Sixty-day-old plants from the in vitro culture were collected, frozen and lyophilized; then, the methyl orange method was used to quantify solasodine for the spectrophotometric assay. The best results regarding plant regeneration and solasodine accumulation were obtained by using the MS basal medium without addition of plant growth regulators; however, there was great production of calluses presenting friable bases. Based on these results, cell cultures can be initiated from such calluses with application of other auxins and cytokinins to enhance solasodine production, besides different elicitors, light intensities and sucrose concentrations.

scholarly journals In vitro culture of Vriesea gigantea and Vriesea philippocoburgii: two vulnerable bromeliads native to Southern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Droste ◽  
Anelise Machado da Silva ◽  
Adriana Vieira Matos ◽  
Júlia Winck de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Set Up

Micropropagation studies were carried out using the seeds for establishing an in vitro culture of Vriesea gigantea and Vriesea philippocoburgii. Germination rate of V. gigantea was higher than of V. philippocoburgii. Plantlets of V. philippocoburgii gave rise to many adventitious shoots when cultivated in Knudson basal medium. In contrast, for V. gigantea, a higher salts-concentration was needed, so that the number of shoots was increased by Murashige and Skoog medium. Addition of activated charcoal and naphthaleneacetic acid in regeneration medium allowed the growth of shoots and the formation of roots, confirming the success of in vitro culture. The differences in expression of the genotypes reinforce the need of more research in order to set up the conditions that could offer the best response of the specific tissues.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Virginia Hildebrandt ◽  
Patricia M. Harney
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Adenine Sulfate ◽  
Growing Shoot

Explants of actively growing shoot tips from greenhouse-grown plants of Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’ initiated new shoots on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) revised medium plus 0.1 mg/L indoleacetic acid (IAA). These shoots were transferred for proliferation to the same medium, but with 1 mg/L 6-benzylamino purine (BA) replacing IAA and the addition of 2.5 mg/L 2-iso-pentenyladenine (2iP). Both adenine sulfate AdS) and NaH2PO4.H2O inhibited shoot proliferation, while gibberellic acid (GA3) and glycine had no effect. The shoots could be rooted either in the basal medium without cytokinin or in vermiculite under mist.

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration from Leaf Explants of the Medicinal Herb Wedelia chinensis

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Yung-Ting Tsai ◽  
Kin-Ying To
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Average Percentage

Wedelia chinensis, belonging to the Asteraceae family, has been used in folk medicine in East and South Asia for the treatment of common inflammatory diseases and protection against liver toxicity. Previously, in vitro propagation through different tissue explants has been reported, including through nodal segments, axillary buds, and shoot tips, whereas leaf segments failed to proliferate. Here, we report on the in vitro propagation of W. chinensis by culturing young leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.75 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ), 1 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3), 3.75 mg/L adenine, 3% sucrose, and 0.8% agar at pH 5.8. Calli were observed in all explants derived from the youngest top two leaves, and the average percentage of shoot regeneration was 23% from three independent experiments. Then, several shoots were excised, transferred onto MS basal medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.8% agar at pH 5.8, and cultured in a growth chamber for 1 to 2 months. Roots were easily induced. Finally, plantlets carrying shoots and roots were transferred into soil, and all of them grew healthily in a greenhouse. No morphological variation was observed between the regenerated plantlets and the donor wild-type plants. In addition, we also established root cultures of W. chinensis in culture medium (MS medium, 3 mg/L NAA, 3% sucrose, pH 5.8) with or without 0.8% agar. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting plant regeneration from leaf explants in the herbal plant W. chinensis.

scholarly journals Propagación in vitro de especies de Echinocereus, Escontria, Mammillaria, Melocactus y Polaskia (Cactaceae)

2017 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
José Luis Retes-Pruneda ◽  
María de Lourdes Valadez-Aguilar ◽  
Martha Evelia Pérez-Reyes ◽  
Eugenio Pérez-Molphe-Balch
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Multiple Shoot Formation ◽  
Escontria Chiotilla

In vitro propagation systems by means of areole activation were developed for Echinocereus knippelianus, Echinocereus schmollii, Mammillaria carmenae, M. carmenae fo. rubrisprina, M. herrerae, M. theresae, Melocactus curvispinus, Escontria chiotilla and Polaskia chichipe. In vitro germinated seedlings were used as source of explants. Multiple shoot formation from areoles was achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 3% sucrose, 10 g L-1 agar and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) or 6-(, -dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP). Efficiencies ranged from 6.0 shoots per explant in M. carmenae fo. rubrisprina to 13.5 shoots per explant in Echinocereus schmollii. Rooting of the in vitro generated shoots was achieved in MS basal medium, or MS basal medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid or activated charcoal. Finally, 49-98% of these plants survived.

scholarly journals Modulation of the anatomical and physiological responses of in vitro grown Alcantarea imperialis induced by NAA and residual effects of BAP

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-297
Author(s):  
João Paulo Rodrigues Martins ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Almeida Rodrigues ◽  
Thayna dos Santos Silva ◽  
Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima Gontijo ◽  
Antelmo Ralph Falqueto
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Direct Exposure

Abstract During in vitro propagation, cytokinins (CKs) and auxins (AUXs), such as 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), are often used to induce adventitious shoots and roots, respectively. However, it is not clear how CKs affect plants over a long period of in vitro propagation as well as the synergy of direct exposure to AUX with previous CK treatments. The aim was to assess the physiological and anatomical responses of Alcantarea imperialis in function of the interaction of both previous BAP treatments and direct NAA exposure during in vitro propagation. Plants previously grown in vitro were transferred to media containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 μM BAP. After 60 days, the adventitious shoots from each previous BAP treatment were subcultured in media with 0, 2 or 4 μM NAA. Pigment content, anatomical and growth traits were assessed in the plants from each treatment. Both previous BAP treatments and direct NAA exposure altered the anatomy and pigment contents of plants as well as their growth traits. BAP induced negative effects over the long term on physiological status as well as changed the plants’ anatomy. NAA supplementation in the medium can partially reverse the negative effects induced by BAP. The application of 2 μM NAA during in vitro rooting improved the plants’ quality.

scholarly journals High Frequency Direct Organogenesis, Genetic Homogeneity, Chemical Characterization and Leaf Ultra-Structural Study of Regenerants in Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2164
Author(s):  
Anamica Upadhyay ◽  
Anwar Shahzad ◽  
Zishan Ahmad ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Alatar ◽  
Gea Guerriero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production

Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey, commonly referred to as “Shivalingi” or “Lollipop climber” is a valuable medicinal plant with a climbing growth habit used in traditional medicine. It is reputed to have antiarthritic, anti-diabetic properties and to be useful in various skin and reproductive problems. Overexploitation of wild plants and low seed germination have resulted in the decline of the species in the wild. Thus, the present investigation was aimed to establish an effective in vitro propagation procedure for its large-scale production and conservation. Nodal explants, obtained from an established mother plant were grown on MS basal medium augmented with various cytokinins, alone or in combination with auxins, to study the morphogenic response. A maximum of 8.3 shoots/explants with an average shoot length of 7.2 cm were produced after six weeks on MS containing benzylaminopurine 5.0 µM + 1-naphthaleneacetic acid 2.0 µM. After 4 weeks of transfer, microshoots rooted well on a low nutrient medium of ½ MS + 1.0 µM indole-3-butyric acid, with a maximum of 11.0 roots/microshoot and an average root length of 7.4 cm. With an 80% survival rate, the regenerated plantlets were effectively acclimatized to natural conditions. DNA-based molecular markers were used to investigate the genetic uniformity. Scanning Electron Microscopic examination of leaves indicated the adaptation of the plantlets to natural, as evidenced by the formation of normal stomata. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of mother and micropropagated plants were performed to identify essential secondary metabolites. The results obtained show that the in vitro propagation system can be adopted for preservation, large-scale production and secondary metabolites’ production in D. palmatus.

scholarly journals Induction of Tetraploids from Petiole Explants through Colchicine Treatments inEchinacea purpureaL.

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahanayake Nilanthi ◽  
Xiao-Lu Chen ◽  
Fu-Cheng Zhao ◽  
Yue-Sheng Yang ◽  
Hong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Chimeric Plant ◽  
Diploid Cells ◽  
Almost All

Petiole explants were obtained from in vitro grown diploid (2x=22)Echinacea purpureaplantlets. Shoots were regenerated by culturing the explants on MS basal medium containing 0.3 mg/L benzyladenine (BA), 0.01 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and four concentrations (30, 60, 120, and 240 mg/L) of colchicine for 30 days, or 120 mg/L of colchicine for various durations (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). The regenerated shoots were induced to root on MS basal medium with 0.01 mg/L NAA, and then the root-tips of the regenerated shoots were sampled for count of chromosome number. It was found that a treatment duration of >7 days was necessary for induction of tetraploid (4x=44) shoots, and treatment with 120 mg/L colchicine for 28 days was the most efficient for induction of tetraploids, yielding 23.5% of tetraploids among all the regenerated shoots. Chimeras were observed in almost all the treatments. However, the ratio of tetraploid to diploid cells in a chimeric plant was usually low. In comparison with diploid plants, tetraploid plants in vitro had larger stomata and thicker roots with more root branches, and had prominently shorter inflorescence stalk when mature.

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