Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

The ability of 28 monokaryons and 78 reconstituted dikaryons of Pisolithus sp. from South Africa to form mycelial strands in association with Pinus pinaster was tested under aseptic and non-aseptic conditions. All monokaryotic and some dikaryotic cultures failed to form mycelial strands either on agar medium or in growth pouches. The remaining dikaryotic cultures showed wide genetic variation in the development of mycelial strands and in the extension of their extramatrical phase. The exploration of the surrounding environment by the extramatrical phase from synthesized Pinus pinaster – dikaryotic cultures of the Pisolithus sp. depended largely upon the type of medium used, being more extensive in soil than on nutrient agar medium. Microscopic observation showed that mycelial strands were formed by aggregations of hyphae. Large central hyphae with disorganized cytoplasm were observed in some strands. The results are discussed in relation to nutrient and water absorption. Key words: Pisolithus sp., Pinus pinaster, genetic, extramatrical phase, mycelial strands.

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Psittacine beak and feather disease virus in budgerigars and ring-neck parakeets in South Africa

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.4102/ojvr.v71i1.282 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Albertyn ◽

K.M. Tajbhai ◽

R.R. Bragg

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Common Disease ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Feather Disease Virus ◽

Viral Isolates

Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a common disease of the psittacine species and is caused by the psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV). In this study the occurrence of the disease in ring-neck parakeets and budgerigars in South Africa suffering from feathering problems, using polymerase chain reaction as a diagnostic test was investigated. The genetic variation between viral isolates was also studied. Results indicate that PBFDV can be attributed to being the cause of feathering problems in some of the ring-neck parakeets and budgerigars in South Africa. Genetic variation of isolates occurs between species and individuals. A cheap and easy to use method of blood sample collection on filter paper for diagnostic purposes was also evaluated. It proved to be less stressful to the birds and did not inhibit further processes.

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Association of Alcaligenes Faecalis Strain in Juvenile Earthworms, from Cocoons of Eudrilus Eugeniae

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.b1166.1292s219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2S2) ◽

pp. 688-692

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Eudrilus Eugeniae ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Nutrient Agar Medium ◽

Polymerase Chain

Cocoons of earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae were collected from vermiculture bed and found that it had antibacterial activity. The size of zone of inhibition was directly proportional to the size of cocoons examined. Along with nutritious fluid and embryos, culturable bacterial community was found inside the cocoons. Bacterial colonies were isolated from the trails of newly hatched, juvenile worms in the nutrient agar medium and examined. Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium was found to be abundant in the trails of juvenile earthworms. Polymerase chain reaction was performed from this bacterium to amplify the gene of 16S rRNA and analyzed. Subsequent bi-directional DNA sequencing revealed that this abundant bacterium is highly related to 16S rRNA gene sequence of a strain, Alcaligenes faecalis. Based on available literature, we hypothesize that this bacterium could be symbiotically associated with cocoons of earthworms.

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Comparison of a simple butterfat agar medium with other media used for isolation and enumeration of lipolytic bacteria from dairy products

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900025590 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 413-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arthur W. Shelley ◽

Hilton C. Deeth ◽

Ian C. MacRae

Keyword(s):

Melting Point ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Nutrient Agar ◽

Nutrient Agar Medium

SummaryA nutrient agar medium containing 0·1 % of a low melting point fraction of butterfat was shown to be suitable for detection, enumeration and isolation of lipolytic bacteria from milk. Bacterial growth was not inhibited by the butterfat and lipolytic reactions were clearly visible and easily interpreted. Lipolytic counts on the butterfat agar compared favourably with lipolytic counts obtained with other commonly used media.

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Genetic variation, mating patterns and gene flow in a Pinus pinaster Aiton clonal seed orchard

Annals of Forest Science ◽

10.1051/forest:2008049 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (7) ◽

pp. 706-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lúcia Fernandes ◽

Margarida Rocheta ◽

Jorge Cordeiro ◽

Sandra Pereira ◽

Sophie Gerber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Pinus Pinaster ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Mating Patterns ◽

Clonal Seed Orchard

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Enumeration of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Producing Bacteria from Dairy Sewage Samples

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.9734/irjpac/2019/v18i430093 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

K. Shivalkar Yadav ◽

D. B. Puranik ◽

Mohamed Nadeem Fairoze ◽

R. Prabha

Keyword(s):

Agar Medium ◽

Synthetic Polymers ◽

Synthetic Polymer ◽

Serial Dilution ◽

Nutrient Agar ◽

Sewage Sample ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Nutrient Agar Medium ◽

Contemporary Life ◽

Soil And Water

Aims: The synthetic polymer plastics have become an integral part of contemporary life. Excess use of plastics and indiscriminate dumping of it in soil and water is polluting the environment. In order to overcome this problem, the production and applications of eco-friendly biodegradable products from microbes are becoming inevitable from the last decade and also are the good alternatives for synthetic polymers. Methods and Results: Polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacterial strains were confirmed by serial dilution of sewage samples from dairies and pour plating using modified nutrient agar medium with 2% glucose and 0.3% sudan black. Commercial dairy sewage sample from III Dairy showed highest count of PHA producers (3.80 log10cfu/ml) followed by II Dairy (3.68 log10cfu/ml) and I Dairy (3.35 log10cfu/ml). On an average, 70 per cent were PHA producers among TBC of sewage samples. Conclusion: Dairy sewage sample from III Dairy showed highest count of PHA producers (3.80log10cfu/ml) Signiﬁcance and Impact of the Study: This study provides importance of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their role against synthetic plastic by enumerating the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producing bacteria from Dairy sewage samples that can be effectively utilized for the synthesis of bioplastics.

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Genetic variation of two species with different life-history traits in the endangered renosterveld of South Africa - a comparative analysis ofEriocephalus africanusandHemimeris racemosa

African Journal of Ecology ◽

10.1111/aje.12227 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 447-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Steffen Heelemann ◽

Veronika Bäuerlein ◽

Cornelia B. Krug ◽

Karen J. Esler ◽

Peter Poschlod ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Life History ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Life History Traits

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Genetic variation in three>Chersina angulata>(angulate tortoise) populations along the west coast of South Africa>

African Zoology ◽

10.1080/15627020.2003.11657198 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 109-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mosa G.A. Lesia ◽

Margaretha D. Hofmeyr ◽

Maria E. D΄Amato

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

West Coast ◽

The West

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The production and inactivation of pyocines

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0022172400021057 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 431-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

A. H. Wahba

Keyword(s):

Sodium Citrate ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Iodoacetic Acid ◽

Prolonged Storage ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

Laboratory Service ◽

Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽

Nutrient Agar Medium ◽

Stable Characteristic

Certain strains ofPs. aeruginosaproduce, in addition to pyocines, substances which inhibit pyocine activity. These pyocine inhibitors are probably proteolytic enzymes.In order to investigate the production of pyocines by various strains ofPs. aeruginosa,aeruginosa, nutrient agar medium was devised in which the action of the pyocine-inhibiting substances is suppressed by incorporating 10–5M iodoacetic acid, 0·1 % sodium citrate and 0·1 % dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. This medium also diminished slime production.Pyocine production is a stable characteristic which is not lost on repeated sub-culture or prolonged storage, and might form the basis of a typing system forPs. aeruginosa.I wish to thank Dr M. T. Parker, Director of the Cross-Infection Reference Laboratory, Public Health Laboratory Service, for constant encouragement and helpful advice.

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