scholarly journals The production and inactivation of pyocines

1963 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Wahba
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Iodoacetic Acid ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Stable Characteristic

Certain strains ofPs. aeruginosaproduce, in addition to pyocines, substances which inhibit pyocine activity. These pyocine inhibitors are probably proteolytic enzymes.In order to investigate the production of pyocines by various strains ofPs. aeruginosa,aeruginosa, nutrient agar medium was devised in which the action of the pyocine-inhibiting substances is suppressed by incorporating 10–5M iodoacetic acid, 0·1 % sodium citrate and 0·1 % dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. This medium also diminished slime production.Pyocine production is a stable characteristic which is not lost on repeated sub-culture or prolonged storage, and might form the basis of a typing system forPs. aeruginosa.I wish to thank Dr M. T. Parker, Director of the Cross-Infection Reference Laboratory, Public Health Laboratory Service, for constant encouragement and helpful advice.

scholarly journals Association of Alcaligenes Faecalis Strain in Juvenile Earthworms, from Cocoons of Eudrilus Eugeniae

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 688-692
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Eudrilus Eugeniae ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Cocoons of earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae were collected from vermiculture bed and found that it had antibacterial activity. The size of zone of inhibition was directly proportional to the size of cocoons examined. Along with nutritious fluid and embryos, culturable bacterial community was found inside the cocoons. Bacterial colonies were isolated from the trails of newly hatched, juvenile worms in the nutrient agar medium and examined. Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium was found to be abundant in the trails of juvenile earthworms. Polymerase chain reaction was performed from this bacterium to amplify the gene of 16S rRNA and analyzed. Subsequent bi-directional DNA sequencing revealed that this abundant bacterium is highly related to 16S rRNA gene sequence of a strain, Alcaligenes faecalis. Based on available literature, we hypothesize that this bacterium could be symbiotically associated with cocoons of earthworms.

scholarly journals A selective medium for the isolation of the acinetobacter genus bacteria

1980 ◽  
Vol 75 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altair A. Zebral
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermentative Activity

A selective and differencial medium was developed for the isolation of Acinetobacter genus bacteria. This Acinobacter Agar Medium (p.H + 7.4) contains in grams per litre: thiotone, 10; yeast extract, 3; naC1, 5; saccharose, 10; mannitol, 10; sodium citrate, 0.5; sodium desoxycholate, 0.1; crystal violet, 0.00025; phenol red, 0.04 and agar-agar 15. This medium has the advantage of inhibiting the growth of cocci and Gram-positive bacilli, by the use of sodium citrate and sodium desoxycholate associated with the crystal violet; and of differentiating the Gram-negative bacilli from the Enterobacteriaceae, through the fermentative activity upon the saccharose and/or mannitol, contrasting with the complete inactivity of the Acinetobacter genus bacteria over those substances.

Comparison of a simple butterfat agar medium with other media used for isolation and enumeration of lipolytic bacteria from dairy products

1987 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur W. Shelley ◽  
Hilton C. Deeth ◽  
Ian C. MacRae
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium

SummaryA nutrient agar medium containing 0·1 % of a low melting point fraction of butterfat was shown to be suitable for detection, enumeration and isolation of lipolytic bacteria from milk. Bacterial growth was not inhibited by the butterfat and lipolytic reactions were clearly visible and easily interpreted. Lipolytic counts on the butterfat agar compared favourably with lipolytic counts obtained with other commonly used media.

Enumeration of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Producing Bacteria from Dairy Sewage Samples

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
K. Shivalkar Yadav ◽  
D. B. Puranik ◽  
Mohamed Nadeem Fairoze ◽  
R. Prabha
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Serial Dilution ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Sewage Sample ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Contemporary Life ◽  
Soil And Water

Aims: The synthetic polymer plastics have become an integral part of contemporary life. Excess use of plastics and indiscriminate dumping of it in soil and water is polluting the environment. In order to overcome this problem, the production and applications of eco-friendly biodegradable products from microbes are becoming inevitable from the last decade and also are the good alternatives for synthetic polymers. Methods and Results: Polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacterial strains were confirmed by serial dilution of sewage samples from dairies and pour plating using modified nutrient agar medium with 2% glucose and 0.3% sudan black. Commercial dairy sewage sample from III Dairy showed highest count of PHA producers (3.80 log10cfu/ml) followed by II Dairy (3.68 log10cfu/ml) and I Dairy (3.35 log10cfu/ml). On an average, 70 per cent were PHA producers among TBC of sewage samples. Conclusion: Dairy sewage sample from III Dairy showed highest count of PHA producers (3.80log10cfu/ml) Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides importance of polyhydroxyalkanoates and their role against synthetic plastic by enumerating the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producing bacteria from Dairy sewage samples that can be effectively utilized for the synthesis of bioplastics.

scholarly journals The Effectivity of Bacteria Isolated From of Liquid Waste Palm Oil Plantation on Ganoderma Boninense

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fitratul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Ganoderma Boninense ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Basal Stem Rot ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium

Ganoderma boninense is one of the main pathogenic fungus in oil palm plantations. Generally, these pathogen cause root rot (basal stem rot). Biological control that has been widely used reduce the infection is using bacteria. Liquid waste palm oil has potential to produce bacteria that is able to degrade Ganoderma boninense that causes root rot in oil palm. Liquid waste were obtained from Muaro Sabak Regency Jambi Province. Bacteri were isolated and cultivated in nutrient agar medium, characterized and identified for antagonistic test against G. boninense. Results showed that 16 bacterial isolates were identified, among of them are able to inhibit Ganoderma boninense.

scholarly journals Study of Microbiological Quality of Biscuits from Street Side Bakery Shops at Dehradun City, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Irtiqa Syed ◽  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Adeeba Naaz
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium

<p>In the present study, microbiological quality of biscuits from street side bakery shops at Dehardun city, India was conducted. A total 11 samples of bakery biscuits were collected randomly and analysed for their microbiologically quality by standard plate count method. Pure cultures of bacterial isolates were prepared by streaking on nutrient agar medium. Bacterial isolates were further studied for morphological characters, culture characters on nutrient agar medium and biochemical testes in laboratory. All samples studies were found contaminated by a variety of bacteria. The highest bacterial load was 2.2 ×105 cfu/g and lowest was 0.1×103 cfu/g, respectively. Morphological observation, culture characters and results of biochemical tests of bacterial isolates were compared with standard results of known bacteria. The bacterial isolated were identified as Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus lactis and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Among these, two isolates i.e., A. faecalis and P. aeruginosa were gram negative and other isolates were gram positive bacteria which suggested the poor hygienic conditions inside the bakery during preparation and storage of biscuits. Gram positive bacteria might be contaminated during storage and by bad handling. These food spoiling bacteria might be responsible for food-borne infection and diseases. Therefore, care should be taken while purchasing such products and should be purchased from certified bakery shop.</p>

scholarly journals Aktivitas Enzim Amilase Isolat Bakteri Amilolitik dari Tepung Sagu Basah dan Lingkungan Tempat Penyediaannya Secara Tradisional di Jayapura

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Suprapto Surapto ◽  
Tri Gunaedi ◽  
Basa T. Rumahorbo
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Crude Enzyme Extract ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

The study about the activity of the enzyme amylase from amylolytic bacterial isolates from wet sagoo starch and  its traditional provision environment had been done in Jayapura. The purposes of this study were to determine the activity of amylase enzyme and to identify the bacteria isolated from wet sagoo starch and its processing environment in Jayapura district. The method used was an experimental laboratorium in which isolation of amylolytic bacteria was performed by using nutrient agar medium with 1% soluble starch on spreed pour plate method. The enzyme activity was detected with 0.2% iodine in 2% potassium iodide which were able to form a clear zone. The protein content of the crude enzyme extract was determined by the Bradford method using bovine serum albumin (BSA). Amylase enzyme activity was determined by the formula: DUN/ml = [(R0-R1)/R0] [dilution factor] DUN/ml (dextrinizing units per ml). The results showed that there were 15 isolates amylolytic bacteria. Four (4) bacterial isolates have amylolytic power of more than 30 mm. The amilase activity of amylolytic bacterial of all  isolates were quite high: which were 35 577, 18 903,  32 106 and 46 600 U/mg for SU4, SU13, SU23 and SU40 respectively. The identification of isolates indicated that the three isolates are members of the Bacillus cereus ATCC 14 579 types with a similarity value of 71.70% to 81.10%, and one isolate is Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6501 members with a similarity value of 94.30%. Keywords: Amylolytic bacteria, amylase activity, characterization, sago flour.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Daya AntibakteriEkstrak Kulit Kokoa (Theobroma cacao)dan NaOCl 2,5% terhadapPorphyromonas gingivalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Tamara Yuanita ◽  
Rifatul Jannah ◽  
Edhie Arif Pasetyo ◽  
Setyabudi Setyabudi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Root Canal Disinfection ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium ◽  
The Difference

Background: Since pulp infection plays an important role in the development of periradicular lesions, endodontic treatment should be directed to eliminate bacterial and theirproducts. However, currently 20% of cases of apical periodontitis are not resolved after root canal treatment and therefore required for new root canal disinfection. The most commonly used irrigation material today is NaOCl 2.5%. However, NaOCl has negative effects, including being toxic when the material is injected into the periradicular tissue causing extensive pain, bleeding and swelling. Until now, many drugs come from plants that are still produced from plant extracts. One of the plants that can be utilized is cocoa (Theobroma cacao). Cocoa contains active compounds, such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flanonoids, aromatic terpenoids, theobromins and other metabolites. Cocoa husk has been studied to have an antibacterial effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis which is the main bacterial cause of apical periodontal. However, the difference in antibacterial activity between cocoa husk extract and NaOCl 2.5%  againstPorphyromonas gingivalis has not been studied. Porpuse:The aim of this study is to compare antibacterial activity of cocoa husk extract and NaOCl 2.5% againstPorphyromonas gingivalis.Method: This research was a laboratory experimental study. Porphyromonas gingivalis were swabbed to nutrient agar medium. Consequently, cocoa husk extract 25% and NaOCl 2.5% were placed in wells of 5mm diameter and nutrient agar medium. The diameter of the zone of inhibition around the test materials was measured after 24 hours.Result:Cocoa husk extract has lower mean inhibitory zone diameter (14.22) than NaOCl 2.5% (16.06). Conclusion:Cocoa husk extract has lower antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis compared to NaOCl 2.5%.

A Regional Centralized Microbiology Service in Calgary for the Rapid Diagnosis of Malaria

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-693
Author(s):  
Deirdre L. Church ◽  
Angelika Lichtenfeld ◽  
Sameer Elsayed ◽  
Susan Kuhn ◽  
Daniel B. Gregson
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Context.—A regional centralized laboratory service for the rapid diagnosis of malaria was implemented 3 years ago in May 1999 within the Division of Microbiology, Calgary Laboratory Services. Objective.—To describe the design and performance of this unique microbiology laboratory service. Design.—Blood specimens must arrive at the central laboratory within 2 hours of collection. Thin blood smears are read and reported from suspected acute cases within 1 hour of receipt, 24 hours per day, 7 days a week, by trained and experienced microbiology technologists. All positive malaria smears are reviewed by a medical microbiologist and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction at a reference laboratory. Setting.—Calgary Laboratory Services provides integrated laboratory services to the Calgary Health Region, an urban area of more than 1 million people. Main Outcome Measures.—Performance of the service has been continuously monitored by measuring preanalytic and analytic test turnaround times, test accuracy, clinical relevance, and the results of proficiency testing. Results.—More than 90% of blood specimens for malaria from community locations have consistently arrived within 2 hours of collection, and hospitals have reached this target within the past year. Although polymerase chain reaction was more sensitive at detecting the presence of malaria, the expert microscopists were as accurate at determining the type of Plasmodium infection. More than 95% of all positive smear results are consistently reported within 2 hours of receipt of a blood specimen. Conclusions.—Implementation of a regional centralized microbiology service has improved our ability to make a rapid and accurate diagnosis of malaria in this region.

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