Wound healing in whole potato tubers: a cytochemical, fluorescence, and ultrastructural analysis of cut and bruise wounds

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1436-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Thomson ◽  
Ray F. Evert ◽  
Arthur Kelman

Healing was investigated in whole tubers wounded by cuts and bruises and compared with core, disc, and slice wounds. Bright-field, fluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy were used in conjunction with cytochemical analyses. Wound reaction cells bordering a wound site responded to wounding initially with deposition of callose at the primary pit fields followed by intussusception of lignin in the middle lamellae and primary walls and suberization along the inner surfaces of the primary walls. Suberization was initially detected by the presence of a prosuberin lamella in which suberin lamellae subsequently developed. Both lignin and the prosuberin lamella were first detected in wound reaction cells of the cortex at 4 h in cut, core, disc, and slice wounds and at 8 h in bruise wounds. Healing was completed with formation of a continuous wound cork cambium beneath the wound site. With lignification and suberization, wounded potato tubers apparently develop specialized barriers against potential pathogens and water loss. The overall healing process proceeds more slowly in bruise wounds than in cut wounds. Moreover, the capacity for wound healing decreases with increasing age of the tuber, or time in storage. Key words: lignin, prosuberin lamella, Solanum tuberosum, suberin, suberization, wound healing.

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (S2) ◽  
pp. 80-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Findlay ◽  
N Shibata ◽  
H Sawada ◽  
E Okunishi ◽  
Y Kondo ◽  
...  

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2010 in Portland, Oregon, USA, August 1 – August 5, 2010.


2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Cladera-Olivera ◽  
Geruza R Caron ◽  
Amanda S Motta ◽  
André A Souto ◽  
Adriano Brandelli

Soft rot is a major problem encountered in potatoes during postharvest storage. The soft rot bacterium Erwinia carotovora was inhibited by a novel bacteriocin-like substance (BLS) produced by Bacillus licheniformis P40. The BLS caused a bactericidal effect on E. carotovora cells at 30 µg mL–1. Transmission electron microscopy showed that BLS-treated cells presented wrinkled bacterial surfaces and shrinkage of the whole cell, indicating plasmolysis. Erwinia carotovora cells treated with BLS were analyzed by FTIR showing differences in the 1390 cm–1 and 1250–1220 cm–1 bands, corresponding to assignments of membrane lipids. BLS was effective in preventing E. carotovora spoilage on potato tubers, reducing the symptoms of soft rot at 240 µg mL–1 and higher concentrations. Soft rot development was completely blocked at 3.7 mg mL–1. This BLS showed potential to protect potato tubers during storage. Key words: bacteriocin, plant pathogen, potato, soft rot, storage.


Author(s):  
Ernest L. Hall

In a previous investigation (1) of the mechanisms of strengthening in a Co-28 wt% Cr-6 wt% Mo-0.29 wt% C alloy (H.S. 21), it was observed that the fee regions of this alloy were generally heavily faulted, and the density of stacking faults was seen to be dependent upon the time and temperature of the aging treatment after solutionizing. In the present study, weak-beam darkfield transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the interaction of stacking faults on intersecting {111} planes. The alloy was solutionized at 1230°C for 4 hours, quenched in water, and aged at 650°C for 8 hours in order to produce a suitable density of faults. Figure 1 shows a bright-field (BF), weak-beam dark-field (WB DF) pair of micrographs illustrating both the successful and unsuccessful intersection of faults which exist in different ﹛111﹜ planes.


Author(s):  
S. K. Das ◽  
G. Fenske ◽  
M. Kaminsky

Studies on depth distribution of damage and of cavities (voids and bubbles) in ion irradiated metals are of importance for an understanding of the mechanisms of radiation blistering and are of general interest to the field of radiation damage.The present paper describes transmission electron microscopy results on depth distribution of cavities and of dislocation damage in nickel irradiated at 500°C with 20- and 500-keV 4He+ ions. The results are compared with calculated projected range and damage energy distributions.High purity (99.995%) annealed polycrystalline nickel foils were irradiated at 500°C with either 20- or 500-keV 4He+ ions to total doses of 2.9 x 1016 and 1 x 1017 ions/cm2, respectively. Thin foils suitable for transmission electron microscopy were prepared from the irradiated samples by a transverse sectioning technique described elsewhere, which allows one to obtain depth distribution of damage and of bubbles from a single specimen.Figure 1 shows typical bright field transmission electron micrographs of the plated and irradiated regions of annealed polycrystalline nickel irradiated at 500°C with 500-keV 4He+ ions to a dose of 1 x 1017 ions/cm2.


Author(s):  
R. H. Goddard ◽  
J. W. La Claire II

We have been using the giant algal cells of Ernodesmis verticillata as a model system to study the process of wound healing at the cellular level of organization. Using immuno-localization techniques we have observed changes in the distribution of tubulin-containing microtubules (MTs) and actin-containing microfilaments (MFs), that occur during wound healing. Based on these and new findings, we carried out correlative experiments with inhibitors to investigate the functional roles of the various cytoskeletal components in wound healing.Emodesmis cells were cultured, Wounded and Fixed as described previously. The cytoplasm from fixed cells was adhered to polylysine-coated coverslips for light microscopy, or to formvar coated gold grids for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The attached cells were labeled with primary antibodies (against tubulin ,actin,calmodulin [CAM], intermediate filament [If] proteins, or myosin)followed by incubation in appropriate secondary antibodies conjugated with FITC or TRITC for fluorescence, or conjugated to gold beads for TEM.


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