Peroxidase activity during adventitious root formation in avocado microcuttings

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 1522-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa García-Gómez ◽  
Carolina Sánchez-Romero ◽  
Antonio Heredia ◽  
Fernando Pliego-Alfaro ◽  
Araceli Barceló-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Cambial Cell ◽  
Soluble Peroxidase ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings

Peroxidases seem to play an important role in the regulation of auxin levels during the rooting of cuttings. In avocado, leaf peroxidase activity remained constant throughout the rooting process in the three fractions analyzed (soluble, ionically, and covalently bound to cell wall). Soluble peroxidase activity in stem basal parts increased twofold after 3 days and then remained constant until the end of the process. Cationic and anionic electrophoresis revealed a lower number of isoenzymes in the stems than in the leaves. Histological stainings at stem basal parts were also carried out to localize the enzyme activity. Peroxidase was active in all tissues at the time the cutting was taken, with vascular bundles and epidermis giving the strongest reactions. During the process of root formation peroxidase activity was closely associated with growth and differentiation processes, e.g., cambial cell division and xylogenesis; a strong reaction was also found in the developing root primordia. The possible role of peroxidases in the regulation of auxin levels during the rooting process in avocado is discussed. Key words: auxin, avocado, peroxidase, rooting.

scholarly journals Adventitious Root Formation in Stem Cuttings of Quercus bicolor and Quercus macrocarpa and Its Relationship to Stem Anatomy

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Naalamle Amissah ◽  
Dominick J. Paolillo ◽  
Nina Bassuk
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Quercus Macrocarpa ◽  
Quercus Bicolor

This study investigated the relationship of stem anatomy to differences in rooting ability between Quercus bicolor Wild. and Quercus macrocarpa Michx. cuttings. Quercus bicolor cuttings were found to have a significantly greater proportion of parenchymatous gaps in the sclerenchyma sheath over a 9-week period compared with Q. macrocarpa cuttings. In Q. macrocarpa, the percentage gap was generally low, coinciding with the low percentage rooting observed in this species. Percentage rooting correlated well (r2 = 0.75) with the percentage parenchymatous gap in the perivascular region of Q. bicolor cuttings. The problems with accepting this relationship as causal are stated in the discussion. Untreated cuttings showed normal stem organization: a dermal tissue system that included the initial stages of phellem formation, a cortex, and a ring of closely arranged vascular bundles in early stages of secondary growth. The locations of the five distinct lobes of the pith were coordinated with the locations of root primordia. Callus growth was first detected in the cortex (i.e., external to the fiber bundles), followed by proliferation within the phloem, opposite the lobes of the pith, 8 to 12 days after cuttings were treated with indole butyric acid (6000 mg·L−1 dissolved in 50% v/v ethanol in water). By 14 to 16 days, root primordia had developed within the proliferative tissue in the secondary phloem. In both species, root primordia penetrated parenchymatous gaps in the fiber sheath directly, the fiber bundles being displaced laterally as the roots increased in size.

A basic peroxidase isoenzyme from the grape pedicel is induced by gibberellic acid

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Pérez ◽  
Verónica Morales
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Isoenzymes ◽  
Peroxidase Isoenzyme ◽  
Soluble Peroxidase

Soluble peroxidase activity from pedicels of seedless table grape cv. Sultana was highly stimulated by post-bloom applications of gibberellic acid (GA3) to vines. The increase in peroxidase activity was mainly due to the induction of a basic peroxidase isoenzyme (pI > 9; BPrx-HpI). The activity of two other peroxidase isoenzymes of pI 6.5 and 3.2 was not altered by the hormone treatment. BPrx-HpI was induced by GA3 in pedicels and rachis but not in berries, although in berries peroxidase activity was also stimulated by post-bloom GA3 applications. BPrx-HpI oxidised guaiacol and ortho-phenylenediamine (o-PDA), while the others peroxidases found in the pedicel and in the berry oxidised only o-PDA. Hence, BPrx-HpI was characterised as a guaiacol-peroxidase showing no activity towards ascorbic acid (ASC). The possible role of BPrx-HpI in pedicel lignification and berry-drop caused by GA3 applications to cv. Sultana vines is discussed.

Studies of the rooting of cuttings of Hydrangea macrophylla: enzyme changes

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Molnar ◽  
L. J. LaCroix
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Hydrangea Macrophylla ◽  
Ray Cells ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Enzyme Changes

Enzyme changes in root initials of Hydrangea macrophylla during adventitious root formation are described. Extensive changes in enzyme activity were demonstrated by histochemical staining and all enzymes investigated showed increased activity in the tissue responsible for root initiation.The earliest change observed was that of peroxidase in the phloem and xylem ray cells. This was followed by a change in the activity of cytochrome oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase. Alpha-amylase was localized by the substrate film method. The highest amylase activity was demonstrated in the epidermal tissues and vascular bundles. As the root primordia developed, enzyme activity shifted from the vascular bundles to the periphery of the bundles. A positive correlation was found between the starch content and root number of cuttings.

Role of Auxin and Polyamines in Adventitious Root Formation in Relation to Changes in Compounds Involved in Rooting

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nag ◽  
K. Saha ◽  
M.A. Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation

Adventitious root formation inEucalyptus: the role of phytohormones

2017 ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakhooda ◽  
M.P. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation

scholarly journals Reactive oxygen species as important regulators of cell division

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiliang Qi ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Junyan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Lateral Root Primordia

AbstractCurrently, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant growth is a topic of interest. In this study, we discuss the role of ROS in cell division. We analyzed ROS’ impact on the stiffness of plant cell walls and whether ROS play an important role in Brassica napus’ ability to adapt to cold stress. Cultivated sterile seedlings and calli of cold-tolerant cultivar 16NTS309 were subjected to cold stress at 25°C and 4°C, respectively. Under normal conditions, O2.− mainly accumulated in the leaf edges, shoot apical meristem, leaf primordia, root tips, lateral root primordia, calli of meristematic nodular tissues, cambia, vascular bundles and root primordia, which are characterized by high division rates. After exposure to cold stress, the malondialdehyde and ROS (O2.−) contents in roots, stems and leaves of cultivar 16NTS309 were significantly higher than under non-cold conditions (P < 0.05). ROS (O2.−) were not only distributed in these zones, but also in other cells, at higher levels than under normal conditions. A strong ROS-based staining appeared in the cell wall. The results support a dual role for apoplastic ROS, in which they have direct effects on the stiffness of the cell wall, because ROS cleave cell-wall, and act as wall loosening agents, thereby either promoting or restricting cellular division. This promotes the appearance of new shoots and a strong root system, allowing plants to adapt to cold stress.

scholarly journals Integrated multi-omics analysis uncovers roles of mdm-miR164b-MdORE1 in strigolactone mediated inhibition of adventitious root formation in apple

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingqiang Fan ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yushuang Guo ◽  
Qi Qi ◽  
Xiangning Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Cell Wall Biogenesis

Adventitious root (AR) formation is important for the vegetative propagation. The effects of strigolactones (SLs) on AR formation have been rarely reported, especially in woody plants. In this study, we first verified the inhibitory effects of SLs on AR formation in apple materials. Transcriptome analysis identified 12,051 differentially expressed genes over the course of AR formation, with functions related to organogenesis, cell wall biogenesis or plant senescence. WGCNA suggests SLs might inhibit AR formation through repressing the expression of two core hub genes, MdLAC3 and MdORE1. We further verified that enhanced cell wall formation and accelerated senescence were involved in the AR inhibition caused by SLs. Combining small RNA and degradome sequencing, as well as a dual-luciferase sensor system, we identified and validated three negatively correlated miRNA–mRNA pairs, including mdm-miR397–MdLAC3 involved in secondary cell wall formation, and mdm-miR164a/b–MdORE1 involved in senescence. Finally, we have experimentally demonstrated the role of mdm-miR164b–MdORE1 in SLs-mediated inhibition of AR formation. Overall, our findings not only propose a comprehensive regulatory network for the function of SLs on AR formation, but also provide novel candidate genes for the potential genetic improvement of AR formation in woody plants using transgenic or CRISPR technology.

Peroxidase activity and endogenous free auxin during adventitious root formation

1994 ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Gaspar ◽  
Cl. Kevers ◽  
J. Fr. Hausman ◽  
V. Ripetti
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation

scholarly journals Anatomy of Adventitious Root Formation in Stem Cuttings of Mussaenda erythrophylla L. `Rosea'

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 634b-634
Author(s):  
Rolston St. Hilaire ◽  
Carlos A. Fierro Berwart
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Fast Green ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs ◽  
Vascular Connections

Mussaendas (Mussaenda spp.) are ornamental shrubs, and some cultivars are difficult to root. This study was conducted to explore how adventitious roots initiate and develop in the cultivar Rosea, and to determine if anatomical events are associated with difficulty in rooting stem cuttings. Stem cuttings were treated with 5, 10, 15 mm 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or distilled water, and sampled every 2 days over 26 days to observe adventitious root formation and development. For analysis by light microscopy, the basal 1 cm of cuttings was embedded in wax and stained with safranin-fast green. Adventitious roots initiated from phloem parenchyma cells and from basal callus in nontreated cuttings. Cuttings treated with 15 mm IBA had a mean of 18 root primordia per basal 1 cm of cutting after 10 days. Root primordia were not observed in non-treated cuttings at 10 days. Root primordia that developed in non-treated cuttings lacked clear vascular connections. These results suggest that non-treated cuttings are difficult to root because few primordia are produced.

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