A basic peroxidase isoenzyme from the grape pedicel is induced by gibberellic acid

Soluble peroxidase activity from pedicels of seedless table grape cv. Sultana was highly stimulated by post-bloom applications of gibberellic acid (GA3) to vines. The increase in peroxidase activity was mainly due to the induction of a basic peroxidase isoenzyme (pI > 9; BPrx-HpI). The activity of two other peroxidase isoenzymes of pI 6.5 and 3.2 was not altered by the hormone treatment. BPrx-HpI was induced by GA3 in pedicels and rachis but not in berries, although in berries peroxidase activity was also stimulated by post-bloom GA3 applications. BPrx-HpI oxidised guaiacol and ortho-phenylenediamine (o-PDA), while the others peroxidases found in the pedicel and in the berry oxidised only o-PDA. Hence, BPrx-HpI was characterised as a guaiacol-peroxidase showing no activity towards ascorbic acid (ASC). The possible role of BPrx-HpI in pedicel lignification and berry-drop caused by GA3 applications to cv. Sultana vines is discussed.

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An ESR study of the peroxidase reaction catalyzed by human methaemoglobin and methaemoglobin-haptoglobin complex

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19910923 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 923-932

Author(s):

Jana Stejskalová ◽

Pavel Stopka ◽

Zdeněk Pavlíček

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Amino Acid Analysis ◽

Superoxide Radical ◽

Esr Spectra ◽

The Other ◽

Delocalized Electron

The ESR spectra of peroxidase systems of methaemoglobin-ascorbic acid-hydrogen peroxide and methaemoglobin-haptoglobin complex-ascorbic acid-hydrogen peroxide have been measured in the acetate buffer of pH 4.5. For the system with methaemoglobin an asymmetrical signal with g ~ 2 has been observed which is interpreted as the perpendicular region of anisotropic spectrum of superoxide radical. On the other hand, for the system with methaemoglobin-haptoglobin complex the observed signal with g ~ 2 is symmetrical and is interpreted as a signal of delocalized electron. After realization of three repeatedly induced peroxidase processes the ESR signal of the perpendicular part of anisotropic spectrum of superoxide radical is distinctly diminished, whereas the signal of delocalized electron remains practically unchanged. An amino acid analysis of methaemoglobin along with results of the ESR measurements make it possible to derive a hypothesis about the role of haptoglobin in increasing of the peroxidase activity of methaemoglobin.

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Peroxidase activity during adventitious root formation in avocado microcuttings

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b95-164 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (10) ◽

pp. 1522-1526 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maria Luisa García-Gómez ◽

Carolina Sánchez-Romero ◽

Antonio Heredia ◽

Fernando Pliego-Alfaro ◽

Araceli Barceló-Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Root Formation ◽

Adventitious Root Formation ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Root Primordia ◽

Strong Reaction ◽

Cambial Cell ◽

Soluble Peroxidase ◽

Rooting Of Cuttings

Peroxidases seem to play an important role in the regulation of auxin levels during the rooting of cuttings. In avocado, leaf peroxidase activity remained constant throughout the rooting process in the three fractions analyzed (soluble, ionically, and covalently bound to cell wall). Soluble peroxidase activity in stem basal parts increased twofold after 3 days and then remained constant until the end of the process. Cationic and anionic electrophoresis revealed a lower number of isoenzymes in the stems than in the leaves. Histological stainings at stem basal parts were also carried out to localize the enzyme activity. Peroxidase was active in all tissues at the time the cutting was taken, with vascular bundles and epidermis giving the strongest reactions. During the process of root formation peroxidase activity was closely associated with growth and differentiation processes, e.g., cambial cell division and xylogenesis; a strong reaction was also found in the developing root primordia. The possible role of peroxidases in the regulation of auxin levels during the rooting process in avocado is discussed. Key words: auxin, avocado, peroxidase, rooting.

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Hepatotoxicity of Pentavalent Antimonial Drug: Possible Role of Residual Sb(III) and Protective Effect of Ascorbic Acid

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01499-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 481-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Kelly C. Kato ◽

Eliane Morais-Teixeira ◽

Priscila G. Reis ◽

Neila M. Silva-Barcellos ◽

Pascal Salaün ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Side Effects ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Hepatic Uptake ◽

Control Group ◽

Content Type ◽

Meglumine Antimoniate ◽

Effective Strategies

ABSTRACTPentavalent antimonial drugs such as meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime [Glu; Sanofi-Aventis, São Paulo, Brazil]) produce severe side effects, including cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, during the treatment of leishmaniasis. We evaluated the role of residual Sb(III) in the hepatotoxicity of meglumine antimoniate, as well as the protective effect of the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AA) during antimonial chemotherapy in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis. BALB/c mice infected withLeishmania infantumwere treated intraperitoneally at 80 mg of Sb/kg/day with commercial meglumine antimoniate (Glu) or a synthetic meglumine antimoniate with lower Sb(III) level (MA), in association or not with AA (15 mg/kg/day), for a 20-day period. Control groups received saline or saline plus AA. Livers were evaluated for hepatocytes histological alterations, peroxidase activity, and apoptosis. Increased proportions of swollen and apoptotic hepatocytes were observed in animals treated with Glu compared to animals treated with saline or MA. The peroxidase activity was also enhanced in the liver of animals that received Glu. Cotreatment with AA reduced the extent of histological changes, the apoptotic index, and the peroxidase activity to levels corresponding to the control group. Moreover, the association with AA did not affect the hepatic uptake of Sb and the ability of Glu to reduce the liver and spleen parasite loads in infected mice. In conclusion, our data supports the use of pentavalent antimonials with low residue of Sb(III) and the association of pentavalent antimonials with AA, as effective strategies to reduce side effects in antimonial therapy.

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The ascorbic acid system in seeds: to protect and to serve

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1079/ssr2003143 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 249-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Mario C. De Tullio ◽

Oreste Arrigoni

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽

Acid System ◽

Antioxidant Defences ◽

Activity Increase ◽

Orthodox Seeds ◽

Aminocyclopropane Carboxylate Oxidase ◽

Aminocyclopropane Carboxylate

The ascorbic acid (ASC) system functions dynamically in seeds, although the strategies for ASC production and utilization may vary according to seed developmental and functional stages. In orthodox seeds, ASC content and ASC peroxidase activity increase during the early stages of development, then decrease during the desiccation stage, so that, at quiescence, seeds have neither ASC nor ASC peroxidase, but retain a small amount of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and significant activities of ASC recycling enzymes. ASC and ASC peroxidase activity re-start after a few hours from the onset of imbibition. In contrast, the ASC system is little affected during germination of recalcitrant seeds. Although the presence of the ASC system in seeds has often been considered only within the framework of seed antioxidant defences, ASC function in seeds is also likely to be related to its action as a specific co-substrate required for the activity of dioxygenases (e.g. 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylate oxidase, gibberellic acid hydroxylases and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases) involved in the synthesis of ethylene, gibberellins and abscisic acid, respectively. The possible role of ASC in coordinating the activities of these key enzymes is discussed.

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Changes in Peroxidase in Isolated Aleurone Layers in Response to Gibberellic Acid

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9830087 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 87 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F Gubler ◽

AE Ashford

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Time Course ◽

Disc Electrophoresis ◽

Peroxidase Isoenzymes ◽

Total Peroxidase Activity ◽

High Level

The effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on peroxidase activity and isoenzyme complement was followed in isolated aleurone layers of barley (Hordeurn vulgare L.) over a 48-h period. A high level of peroxidase activity was initially present in freshly isolated aleurone layers. Disc electrophoresis resolved nine peroxidase isoenzymes. By 36 h incubation, total peroxidase activity had doubled in response to GA3 and two new peroxidase isoenzymes were observed. Peroxidase release from isolated aleurone layers was also greatly stimulated by GA3 and more isoenzymes were found in the medium. The time course of release was similar to that for α-amylase. Peroxidase activity in endosperm of whole germinating grains began to increase after 2 days, peaked at 4 days and subsequently declined.

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Curative Role of L-Ascorbic Acid on Dicofol Induced Alterations of The Protein Levels in The Freshwater Bivalve, Parreysia Cylindrica

Indian Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.15373/2249555x/may2014/203 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 641-644

Author(s):

Waykar Bhalchandra ◽

◽

Tambe Ram Tambe Ram

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Freshwater Bivalve ◽

Protein Levels

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Ambivalent role of ascorbic acid in the metal-catalyzed oxidation of oligopeptides

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111510 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111510

Author(s):

Nikolett Bodnár ◽

Katalin Várnagy ◽

Lajos Nagy ◽

Gizella Csire ◽

Csilla Kállay

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Metal Catalyzed Oxidation ◽

Metal Catalyzed ◽

Catalyzed Oxidation

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The role of ascorbic acid combined exposure on Imidacloprid-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in Nile tilapia

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94020-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Islam M. El-Garawani ◽

Elsayed A. Khallaf ◽

Alaa A. Alne-na-ei ◽

Rehab G. Elgendy ◽

Gaber A. M. Mersal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Protective Agent ◽

Strand Breaks ◽

Gill Cells ◽

Significant Amelioration ◽

Neonicotinoid Insecticide ◽

Dna Strand

AbstractImidacloprid (Imid), a systemic neonicotinoid insecticide, is broadly used worldwide. It is reported to contaminate aquatic systems. This study was proposed to evaluate oxidative stress and genotoxicity of Imid on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the protective effect of ascorbic acid (Asc). O. niloticus juveniles (30.4 ± 9.3 g, 11.9 ± 1.3 cm) were divided into six groups (n = 10/replicate). For 21 days, two groups were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Imid (8.75 ppm, 1/20 of 72 h-LC50 and 17.5 ppm, 1/10 of 72 h-LC50); other two groups were exposed to Asc (50 ppm) in combination with Imid (8.75 and 17.5 ppm); one group was exposed to Asc (50 ppm) in addition to a group of unexposed fish which served as controls. Oxidative stress was assessed in the liver where the level of enzymatic activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in addition to mRNA transcripts and, Lipid peroxidation (LPO) were evaluated. Moreover, mitotic index (MI) and comet assay were performed, in addition, the erythrocytic micronucleus (MN), and nuclear abnormalities (NA) were observed to assess genotoxicity in fish. Imid exposure induced significant (p ˂ 0.05) changes in the antioxidant profile of the juveniles' liver by increasing the activities and gene expression of SOD, CAT and GPX as well as elevating the levels of LPO. DNA strand breaks in gill cells, erythrocytes and hepatocytes along with erythrocytic MN and NA were also significantly elevated in Imid-exposed groups. MI showed a significant (p ˂ 0.05) decrease associated with Imid exposure. Asc administration induced a significant amelioration towards the Imid toxicity (8.75 and 17.5 ppm). A significant protective potency against the genotoxic effects of Imid was evidenced in Asc co-treated groups. Collectively, results highlight the importance of Asc as a protective agent against Imid-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in O. niloticus juveniles.

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Vitamin C—Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020615 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 615

Author(s):

Martin Doseděl ◽

Eduard Jirkovský ◽

Kateřina Macáková ◽

Lenka Krčmová ◽

Lenka Javorská ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Iron Absorption ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Renal Stones ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

High Doses ◽

Epigenetic Processes

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much higher than its plasma concentrations, and compared to other vitamins. The role of vitamin C is well demonstrated by miscellaneous symptoms of its absence—scurvy. The only clinically well-documented indication for vitamin C is scurvy. The effects of vitamin C administration on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infections are rather minor or even debatable in the general population. Vitamin C is relatively safe, but caution should be given to the administration of high doses, which can cause overt side effects in some susceptible patients (e.g., oxalate renal stones). Lastly, analytical methods for its determination with advantages and pitfalls are also discussed in this review.

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