scholarly journals Geosynthetic reinforced column supported embankments and the role of ground improvement installation effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. King ◽  
Abdelmalek Bouazza ◽  
Joel R. Gniel ◽  
R. Kerry Rowe ◽  
Ha H. Bui
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Installation Effects ◽  
Lateral Forces ◽  
Lateral Resistance ◽  
Embankment Stability ◽  
Numerical Approaches

For geosynthetic reinforced column supported embankments (GRCSE) supporting a high embankment, lateral forces associated with lateral sliding and embankment stability often govern the acceptability of a given design under serviceability conditions. Frequently, the complex soil–structure–geosynthetic interaction, the size, and the three-dimensional nature of a GRCSE necessitate the use of numerical analysis to assess embankment performance relative to serviceability criteria. However, traditional finite element method techniques used to model serviceability behaviour are limited in their ability to model the geotechnical mechanisms associated with column installation, equilibration, and group installation effects. These installation effects are examined herein based on a GRCSE field case study located in Melbourne, Australia, that has been extensively instrumented. The role that these installation effects have on the performance of the GRCSE is highlighted and the behaviour of the columns supporting the embankment is emphasized. It is shown that cracking of the unreinforced columns supporting the embankment is likely inevitable and that the reduction of lateral resistance provided by the columns should be accounted for in design. The suitability of various numerical approaches currently used in design to model the columns supporting the GRCSE, and the embankment itself, are discussed and recommendations are made.

scholarly journals Case study of ozone anomalies over northern Russia in the 2015/2016 winter: measurements and numerical modelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1495-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury M. Timofeyev ◽  
Sergei P. Smyshlyaev ◽  
Yana A. Virolainen ◽  
Alexander S. Garkusha ◽  
Alexander V. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Infrared Fourier Spectrometer ◽  
Northern Russia ◽  
Stratospheric Clouds

Abstract. Episodes of extremely low ozone columns were observed over the territory of Russia in the Arctic winter of 2015/2016 and the beginning of spring 2016. We compare total ozone columns (TOCs) from different remote sensing techniques (satellite and ground-based observations) with results of numerical modelling over the territory of the Urals and Siberia for this period. We demonstrate that the provided monitoring systems (including the new Russian Infrared Fourier Spectrometer IKFS-2) and modern three-dimensional atmospheric models can capture the observed TOC anomalies. However, the results of observations and modelling show differences of up to 20 %–30 % in TOC measurements. Analysis of the role of chemical and dynamical processes demonstrates that the observed short-term TOC variability is not a result of local photochemical loss initiated by heterogeneous halogen activation on particles of polar stratospheric clouds that formed under low temperatures in the mid-winter.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF 3D DOCUMENTATION FOR RESTORATION INTERVENTIONS. THE CASE STUDY OF VALFLORES IN LOURES, PORTUGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 381-388
Author(s):  
L. Mateus ◽  
V. Ferreira ◽  
J. Aguiar ◽  
P. Pacheco ◽  
J. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Conservation History ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Condition State ◽  
Important Evidence

Abstract. The house and farm of Valflores, located near Lisbon, are an important evidence of the Portuguese Renaissance civil architecture from the first half of 16th century, built by Jorge de Barros, the overseer of the Portuguese king, D. João III, in Flanders. Its style has its roots in Italian villas. As was common at that time, the property was a villeggiatura site. In 1982 the house and the farm were listed as property of public interest. In 2000 the property was inserted in a Portuguese list of heritage at risk and in 2001 the property was in a state of pre-ruin. It was bought by the municipality in 2006. After 2007 a partnership between a Local Heritage Association (ADPAC), the Municipality of Loures and the Lisbon School of Architecture developed a series of initiatives for the safeguard and restoration of this Heritage. Several studies were performed, including multiple three-dimensional surveys on several occasions. Ultimately, these studies led to the development of a restoration project in 2016 for European funds application. At the present date, the restoration works are going on. The objective of this paper is the discussion of how three-dimensional documentation played a fundamental role on the several stages of this process, namely after 2007, permitting to gain insights about metrics, space and form distributions, deformations, structural condition, state of conservation, history, and allowing dissemination and public engagement.

scholarly journals The Development of a Split-tail Heliosphere and the Role of Non-ideal Processes: A Comparison of the BU and Moscow Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
M. Kornbleuth ◽  
M. Opher ◽  
I. Baliukin ◽  
M. Gkioulidou ◽  
J. D. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Magnetic Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Field Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Mhd Instabilities ◽  
North And South ◽  
Numerical Treatments ◽  
Numerical Approaches

Abstract Global models of the heliosphere are critical tools used in the interpretation of heliospheric observations. There are several three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) heliospheric models that rely on different strategies and assumptions. Until now only one paper has compared global heliosphere models, but without magnetic field effects. We compare the results of two different MHD models, the BU and Moscow models. Both models use identical boundary conditions to compare how different numerical approaches and physical assumptions contribute to the heliospheric solution. Based on the different numerical treatments of discontinuities, the BU model allows for the presence of magnetic reconnection, while the Moscow model does not. Both models predict collimation of the solar outflow in the heliosheath by the solar magnetic field and produce a split tail where the solar magnetic field confines the charged solar particles into distinct north and south columns that become lobes. In the BU model, the interstellar medium (ISM) flows between the two lobes at large distances due to MHD instabilities and reconnection. Reconnection in the BU model at the port flank affects the draping of the interstellar magnetic field in the immediate vicinity of the heliopause. Different draping in the models cause different ISM pressures, yielding different heliosheath thicknesses and boundary locations, with the largest effects at high latitudes. The BU model heliosheath is 15% thinner and the heliopause is 7% more inwards at the north pole relative to the Moscow model. These differences in the two plasma solutions may manifest themselves in energetic neutral atom measurements of the heliosphere.

Role of macroporosity in runoff generation on a sloping subsurface drained clay field — a case study with MACRO model

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salka Hintikka ◽  
Maija Paasonen-Kivekäs ◽  
Harri Koivusalo ◽  
Visa Nuutinen ◽  
Laura Alakukku
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Drain Flow ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Sloping Field

Macroporosity and its effect on runoff processes were studied on a sloping subdrained clay field (very fine Aeric Cryaquept) in Southern Finland. An extensive field campaign was carried out to measure the spatial variability of soil macroporosity and hydraulic properties. According to the field data, macropore conductivity decreased with depth and soil properties showed differences between the upper and lower parts of the field. A one-dimensional model (MACRO) was applied to quantify the effect of these differences on the hydrological response of the upper and lower field sites. Based on the measurements, five separate parameterizations characterizing the differences in soil structure between the measurement sites were formulated. The change in soil structure had a great effect on the relative proportions of simulated drain flow and surface runoff but influenced only slightly the total amount of runoff. Evapotranspiration and percolation were similar in all cases. Examining model simulations, measured runoff components and groundwater table suggested that a two- or three-dimensional modeling approach is necessary, when prediction of proportional fractions of drain flow and surface runoff, and simulation of groundwater level in a sloping field are of interest.

Pedagogical Evolution in the Teaching of Reference Services Enabled by the Use of 3D Immersive Virtual World Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nita J. Matzen ◽  
Kim Becnel ◽  
Geraldine Purpur
Keyword(s):  
Role Play ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Technology Skills ◽  
Reference Services ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environment ◽  
The Impact

This chapter shares the development and implementation of a redesigned Information Sources and Services course and presents a case study that examines the impact of that course on student learning. The revised course applies Presence Pedagogy incorporating epistemic framing through extended role-play and the use of experienced mentors in a three-dimensional immersive virtual environment. Also examined are: changes in students’ comfort level while playing the role of reference librarian, their technology skills and confidence, similarities and dissimilarities between the game role and an imagined real-life role, students’ comfort level with the presence of a mentor, and their incorporating mentor suggestions.

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