Dominikia lithuanica and Kamienskia divaricata: new species in the Glomeromycota

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 1075-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Gerard Chwat ◽  
Anna Góralska
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
Laminate Layer ◽  
Rpb1 Gene ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Lsu Nrdna

New species in the genera Dominikia and Kamienskia (Glomeromycota) are characterized based on morphology and sequences of SSU–ITS–LSU nrDNA and the RPB1 gene. Both species produce glomoid spores only in clusters. Spores of Dominikia lithuanica are hyaline to pale yellow and 22–52 μm in diameter when globose. In their three-layered spore wall, layers 1 and 2 are almost equal in thickness and much thinner than the structural laminate layer 3. Spore wall layers 1 and 3 usually stain faintly in Melzer’s reagent. Spores of Kamienskia divaricata remain hyaline regardless of age, are 10–24 μm in diameter and have a spore wall with two layers of nearly the same thickness. The laminate layer 2 usually shows a faint dextrinoid reaction in Melzer’s reagent. A further conspicuous character of K. divaricata spores is a relatively wide subtending hypha at the spore base. In the field, D. lithuanica and K. divaricata have so far been found only twice and once, respectively, and only in maritime sand dunes of the Curonian Spit, Lithuania (D. lithuanica), and South Africa (K. divaricata). Sequence data available in public databases suggest that D. lithuanica has not yet been detected by other researchers, and K. divaricata also occurs in Texas, USA.

Dominikia litorea, a new species in the Glomeromycotina, and biogeographic distribution of Dominikia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 338 (3) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANUSZ BŁASZKOWSKI ◽  
PRZEMYSŁAW RYSZKA ◽  
ANNA KOZŁOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Rpb1 Gene

An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) producing clusters with colourless, small (11‒35 µm diam when globose) spores of unique morphological characters of two spore wall layers was grown in a trap culture and in single-species cultures. Both the spore wall layers are permanent and have the same thickness. The features of the spores prompted that the fungus most probably belongs to one of the genera, Dominikia or Kamienskia. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the SSU‒ITS‒LSU nrDNA and the RPB1 gene showed that the discussed AMF is an undescribed Dominikia sp. highly diverged molecularly from the 12 so far described species of the genus. Consequently, the fungus is described here as D. litorea sp. nov. The sporulation of D. litorea in the trap culture indicated that in the field the new species lived in mycorrhizal symbiosis with Xanthium spinosum that had colonized sand dunes of the Mediterranean Sea located near Verico, Greece. However, comparisons of the SSU‒ITS‒LSU sequences of D. litorea with those obtained from molecular environmental studies, which are deposited in public databases, indicated that the new species probably is also associated with roots of an unnamed plant species growing in China. In addition, based on available literature, sequence data and personal observations, the so far known geographical distribution, habitats, and plant-hosts of the described Dominikia spp. were presented and discussed. Finally, the potential participation of Dominikia spp. in influencing plants and plant communities with which they are associated and ecosystems in which they exist were discussed.

scholarly journals Dominikia emiratia and Rhizoglomus dunense, two new species in the Glomeromycota

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al-Yahya’ei ◽  
Sangeeta Kutty Mullath ◽  
Laila A. AlDhaheri ◽  
Anna Kozłowska ◽  
Janusz Błaszkowski
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Wall Layer ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Rpb1 Gene ◽  
Two New Species

The morphological, histochemical, and molecular properties of two new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; Glomeromycota) have been characterized. The first species is distinguished by spores that are orange to brownish orange, small, and formed only in clusters and mainly by having two laminate layers in a three-layered spore wall, with layer three staining dark in Melzer’s reagent. Despite the morphological similarity to some Septoglomus spp., phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the SSU–ITS–LSU nrDNA region and the RPB1 gene accommodated the fungus in the genus Dominikia, hence it was named Dominika emiratia. Intact spores of the second species, named Rhizoglomus dunense, closely resemble colourless isolates of R. clarum, but their spore wall layer three never becomes coloured with age, as does that in most R. clarum spores, and most importantly, the two fungi are separated by a large molecular distance. Dominikia emiratia was originally extracted from the rhizosphere of three plant species cultivated in two fields in a sandy desert in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi of the United Arab Emirates. Rhizoglomus dunense was found in a trap culture inoculated with the rhizosphere soil and root fragments of Ammophila arenaria, which had colonized sand dunes of the Mediterranean Sea, located near Thessalonica, Greece.

Molecular phylogeny of Australasian anopsobiine centipedes (Chilopoda : Lithobiomorpha)

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
16S Rna

Species assigned to the anopsobiine centipede genera Anopsobius Silvestri, 1899, and Dichelobius Attems, 1911, are widely distributed on fragments of the Gondwanan supercontinent, including temperate and tropical Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, the Cape region of South Africa, and southern South America. Phylogenetic relationships between Australasian and other Gondwanan Anopsobiinae are inferred based on parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses (via direct optimisation) of sequence data for five markers: nuclear ribosomal 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA, mitochondrial ribosomal 12S rRNA and 16S RNA, and the mitochondrial protein-coding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. New molecular data are added for Anopsobius from South Africa and New Zealand, Dichelobius from New Caledonia, and a new species from Queensland, Australia, Dichelobius etnaensis, sp. nov. The new species is based on distinctive morphological and molecular data. The molecular phylogenies indicate that antennal segmentation in the Anopsobiinae is a more reliable taxonomic character than is spiracle distribution. The former character divides the Gondwanan clade into a 17-segmented group (Dichelobius) and a 15-segmented group (Anopsobius). Confinement of the spiracles to segments 3, 10 and 12 has at least two origins in the Gondwanan clade. The area cladogram for Dichelobius (Queensland (Western Australia + New Caledonia)) suggests a relictual distribution pruned by extinction.

scholarly journals Heterorhabditis noenieputensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Malan ◽  
R. Knoetze ◽  
L. Tiedt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
The Body ◽  
Species Comparison ◽  
Citrus Orchard ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new entomopathogenic nematode in the genus Heterorhabditis is described from South Africa, from two singular isolates found 1000 km from each other, from beneath a fig tree and in a citrus orchard, respectively. Morphological and molecular studies indicate both isolates to be the same and a new undescribed Heterorhabditis species. Comparison of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and the D2D3 region of the 28S rDNA gene with available sequences of other described species within the genus, indicate the two isolates as a new species. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequence data concerned placed the new species, H. noenieputensis n. sp., closest to H. indica and H. gerrardi in the indica-group. The new species, H. noenieputensis n. sp., is distinguished from other species in the genus by a combination of several morphological traits of the males and the infective juveniles (IJs). The new species differs from all other species previously described, as regards the body length of the IJs, except for H. indica and H. taysearae, in which the IJ is smaller. The IJ also differs from that of H. indica in the length of the oesophagus, the body diameter, the length of the tail and the E%. In addition, males of H. noenieputensis n. sp. differ from their closest relative, H. indica, in the position of the excretory pore, SW% and D%; and from H. gerrardi in the length of the oesophagus and SW%. The seventh pair of genital papillae of H. noenieputensis n. sp. are normally developed, while for H. indica they are often branched or swollen at the base, while 8 and 9 are usually absent in both species.

New taxa in Drosanthemum and a new genus in Drosanthemeae (Ruschioideae, Aizoaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 459 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
CORNELIA KLAK ◽  
PAVEL HANÁČEK ◽  
ODETTE CURTIS-SCOTT ◽  
ANSO LE ROUX ◽  
PETER V. BRUYNS
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Nomenclatural Change ◽  
A New Species

A phylogeny of all nine subgenera of Drosanthemum, based on chloroplast sequence-data, is presented. The results confirm some previously published facts, e.g. that D. zygophylloides is sister to Drosanthemum. We propose to treat this species as a new monotypic genus, Lemonanthemum, which differs from Drosanthemum in features of the leaves and fruit-stalks. In Drosanthemum s.s., the small subg. Quadrata, characterized by 4-locular fruits, is highly supported as sister to the remainder of Drosanthemum (where fruits are 5-locular). Further, our data support the transfer of Delosperma pubipetalum to Drosanthemum (where a nomenclatural change is also made). The pubescent petals, 5-locular fruits with narrow covering membranes and downward-pointing hair-like papillae on the branches suggest that D. pubipetalum is close to D. papillatum and belongs to subg. Quastea. Another species, D. badspoortense, which had been placed in D. subg. Quastea on account of its narrow covering membranes, is shown to belong to Delosperma and also lacks the unique structure of the fruit-stalk of Drosanthemum. In addition, a new species, D. overbergense, is described from disjunct patches of remnant renosterveld within the Overberg and near Albertinia, in the Western Cape of South Africa. Morphological characteristics suggest that this species belongs to subg. Xamera, but this was not corroborated by our molecular data. Finally, a new name—Drosanthemum calcareum—is proposed for the illegitimate D. intermedium and a lectotype (at BOL) is designated for D. pubipetalum. The lectotypification of D. badspoortense is also proposed.

scholarly journals A re-evaluation of Penicillium section Canescentia, including the description of five new species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Visagie ◽  
J.C. Frisvad ◽  
J. Houbraken ◽  
A. Visagie ◽  
R.A. Samson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Beta Tubulin ◽  
Species List ◽  
New Name

A survey of Penicillium in the fynbos biome from South Africa resulted in the isolation of 61 species of which 29 were found to be new. In this study we focus on Penicillium section Canescentia, providing a phylogenetic re-evaluation based on the analysis of partial beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) sequence data. Based on phylogenies we show that five fynbos species are new and several previously assigned synonyms of P. canescens and P. janczewskii should be considered as distinct species. As such, we provide descriptions for the five new species and introduce the new name P. elizabethiae for the illegitimate P. echinatum. We also update the accepted species list and synonymies of section Canescentia species and provide a review of extrolites produced by these species.

scholarly journals Capalictus, a new subgenus of Lasioglossum Curtis 1833 from South Africa, with description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Pauly ◽  
Jason Gibbs ◽  
Michael Kuhlmann
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Basal Clade ◽  
Three New Species

Capalictus, a new subgenus of Lasioglossum Curtis, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halic-tidae), endemic to the South African Cape Province, is described. The type species is Halictus mosselinus Cockerell, 1945. Evylaeus (Sellalictus) fynbosensis (Pauly et al., 2008) is a new junior synonym of L. (C.) mosselinum. Three new species are described: Lasioglossum (Capalictus) hantamense sp. nov., L. (C.) tigrinum sp. nov. and L. (C.) timmermanni sp. nov. DNA sequence data from three nuclear genes support morphologically-determined species limits. Capalictus is a basal clade of the Hemihalictus series of Lasioglossum.

Halonatospora gen. nov. with H. pansihalos comb. nov. and Glomus bareae sp. nov. (Glomeromycota; Glomeraceae)

Botany ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 737-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Piotr Niezgoda ◽  
Bruno T. Goto ◽  
Anna Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Rpb1 Gene ◽  
Lsu Nrdna ◽  
North Western

We established single-species pot cultures of the former Glomus pansihalos, a member of the Glomeraceae, and obtained sequences of the SSU–ITS–LSU nrDNA segment and the RPB1 gene of the species. Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences indicated that G. pansihalos represents a separate clade at the rank of genus in the Glomeraceae. Consequently, the new genus was named Halonatospora, and G. pansihalos was renamed Halonatospora pansihalos comb. nov. We also grew an AMF that produced clusters with glomoid spores in single-species cultures and obtained SSU–ITS–LSU and RPB1 sequences of the fungus. Studies of pot cultures, morphological and histochemical characters of the spores, as well as phylogenetic analyses of the sequences proved that it is an undescribed species of the genus Glomus sensu stricto, which is associated with roots of Ammophila arenaria colonizing maritime sand dunes located in north-western Poland.

scholarly journals Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis sp. nov. from larvae of Phassus nodus (Hepialidae) in Hunan Province, southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
TING-CHI WEN ◽  
RU-CAI ZHU ◽  
JI-CHUAN KANG ◽  
MING-HE HUANG ◽  
DIAN-BO TAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Rpb1 Gene ◽  
Living Root ◽  
A New Species

An entomogenous taxon, associated with larvae of Phassus nodus (Hepialidae) collected from Xuefeng Mountains, Hunan Province, China, was found to be a new species, Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis sp. nov. It differs from similar species in having long stromata, without a sterile apex, narrow asci, long ascospores and by its occurrence on Phassus nodus in living root or trunk of Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum. Combined sequence data from the 5.8S-ITS rDNA, nrSSU, EF-1α, and RPB1 gene loci also confirmed the distinctiveness of this new species. It is presently the world’s largest known Cordyceps sensu lato species. 

Scutellospora deformata (Scutellosporaceae), a new species of Gigasporales from the Mediterranean sand dunes of Spain

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
ALBERTO GUILLÉN ◽  
FERNANDO JAVIER SERRANO-TAMAY ◽  
JUAN BAUTISTA PERIS ◽  
ISABEL ARRILLAGA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Marine Sand ◽  
Lsu Nrdna ◽  
A New Species

A new species S. deformata, that occurs in six locations of marine sand dunes along the eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain is described and illustrated from spores. In the field, the species occurred in the rhizosphere of Ammophila arenaria (Poaceae), Elymus farctus (Poaceae), Otanthus maritimus (Asteraceae), and Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae). Morphological characters related with outer, middle and inner wall of the glomerospores as well as phylogenetic analysis (partial SSU, ITS1-5.8S region and the partial LSU nrDNA) support the hypothesis that the fungus is a new species of the Scutellosporaceae.

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