scholarly journals Evaluation of warm mix asphalt performance incorporating high RAP content

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Dai Lu ◽  
Mofreh Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Performance ◽  
Characterization Test

Using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) increases the sustainability benefits and can enhance the performance of warm mix asphalt (WMA) compared to traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA). However, the RAP content is generally limited in WMA because adding high RAP content may reduce the performance of WMA. In this paper, the authors studied the possibility of incorporating high RAP content from 25 to 70% by mass of WMA by using Evotherm as an additive. Laboratory performance of WMA–RAP mixtures was characterized and compared to a control HMA in terms of moisture susceptibility, rutting resistance, and fatigue characterization. Test results showed that Evotherm greatly improved the moisture resistance of WMA–RAP mixtures compared to HMA. Increasing RAP content made WMA–RAP mixtures stiffer and enhanced the rutting resistance, but decreased the fatigue resistance of the mixtures. Therefore, the maximum RAP content needs to be determined to ensure balance between the fatigue and rutting characteristics of asphalt mixtures.

High-Performance Thin-Lift Overlays with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content and Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2293 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa S. Mogawer ◽  
Alexander J. Austerman ◽  
Robert Kluttz ◽  
Michael Roussel
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Preservation ◽  
Asphalt Overlay ◽  
Structural Capacity

A high-performance thin asphalt overlay (HPThinOL) is specified as having a thickness of 1 in. or less and is used in applications requiring high levels of rutting and fatigue resistance. HPThinOLs are used as a pavement preservation strategy and are placed on pavements that have remaining structural capacity that is expected to outlive that strategy. Current specifications for HPThinOLs generally call for a polymer-modified asphalt (PMA). However, PMA binders are more expensive than unmodified asphalt binders. This expense, coupled with the higher binder content requirement generally associated with HPThinOL, could lead to an initial higher cost in relation to other pavement preservation strategies. Although the higher initial cost can be offset by incorporating high amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), the use of high amounts of RAP in PMA mixtures might adversely affect the mixture performance (stiffness, cracking, or workability). Warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technology may improve the workability of HPThinOL that incorporates high RAP content and PMA binders. This study evaluated the effect of PMA binders, high RAP content, and WMA technology on the stiffness, resistance to reflective cracking, moisture susceptibility, and workability of HPThinOL mixtures. PMA binders and high RAP content increased the stiffness of HPThinOL significantly; however, the use of WMA technology lowered mixture stiffness and improved workability. PMA may improve the cracking resistance, moisture susceptibility, and rutting resistance of high-RAP HPThinOL mixtures, depending on whether a WMA technology is used.

scholarly journals The influence of reclaimed asphalt pavement in warm mix asphalt on asphalt concrete binder course with Retona Blend 55

2019 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Raudhah ◽  
R. Jachrizal Sumabrata ◽  
Sigit Pranowo Hadiwardoyo
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Asphalt Content

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) comprises removed pavement materials containing high-quality aggregates and asphalt which can be recycled as materials for new pavement construction. It is removed continually for reconstruction, resurfacing, and maintenance purposes, and if not recycled will become waste. This paper determines the influence of using different RAP percentages and asphalt content in warm mix asphalt on the Marshall test results for asphalt concrete binder course (AC-BC) using Retona Blend 55. The percentages of RAP are determined by analyzing the gradation of the existing aggregates in RAP and adding virgin aggregates so that it meets the standard gradation for AC-BC specified by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing. The RAP percentages in the asphalt mixes in this study are 35%, 45%, and 51.55% of total aggregates, while the asphalt contents are 5%, 6%, and 7% of the total mix. To determine the influence of RAP percentage and asphalt content, and to discover if there is any influence from the interaction between these two factors, the analysis is performed using a factorial design. The results of this study show that variation in RAP percentages in the mix has no significant influence on stability, flow, and Marshall quotient, but there is significant influence on void in mineral aggregates (VMA), void in mix (VIM), and void filled with asphalt (VFA). Correlations of 97.5%, 80%, and 95.1%, respectively show that increase in RAP percentage increases VMA and VIM and decreases VFA. The interaction between RAP percentage and asphalt content has no significant influence on Marshall test results.

Wearing Course Mixtures Prepared with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content Modified by Rejuvenators

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (28) ◽  
pp. 96-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Büchler ◽  
Augusto Cannone Falchetto ◽  
Axel Walther ◽  
Chiara Riccardi ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Characterization Test

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the combined use of high content of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and rejuvenators, for producing asphalt mixtures for wearing courses. First, the new Binder-Fast-Characterization-Test (Bitumen Typisierungs Schnell Verfahren in German) BTSV method, recently proposed in Germany, is used to determine the amount of rejuvenator required to design recycled mixtures for a specific RAP source. Then, a set of seven asphalt mixtures for wearing course is prepared with different amounts of RAP and with three types of rejuvenators. The BTSV procedure is further applied to evaluate the rheological properties of the binder extracted from the mixtures. Resistance to permanent deformation, stiffness, fatigue, and low temperature behavior tests are then performed to determine the material response. It is observed that the use of recycled material and rejuvenators results in similar or better deformation resistance, higher stiffness and enhanced low temperature properties, with an improved fatigue behavior, also for high RAP content, when compared to mixtures prepared with virgin material. These findings suggest the possibility of using rejuvenators for field tests on wearing courses.

scholarly journals Laboratory comparative assessment of warm and hot mixes Asphalt containing reclaimed Asphalt pavement

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Hasan H Joni ◽  
Aqeel Y M Alkhafaji
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
The Impact

Warm mix Asphalt (WMA) could be mixed and used in paving at low temperatures to minimize the consumption of energy and the emissions of greenhouse gas. Recycled Asphalt pavement (RAP) could save Asphaltic cement and aggregate, which could achieve the better effects of recycling. However, both of the two WMA and RAP technologies have some deficiencies. Warm mix Asphalt and Reclaimed Asphalt pavement (WMA-RAP) technique may solve these issues and deficiencies when they are utilized together. This study investigated the implementations of WMA-RAP and its impacts on the performance of the Asphalt mixture. Under the framework of this study, four percentages of RAP (0%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were added to the hot mix Asphalt (HMA) and WMA containing 4% Sasobit to study the impact of increasing RAP content on Marshall stability and moisture resistance of Asphalt mixtures. In summary, the Marshall stability of HMA and WMA mixtures is higher than the control mixtures. A small decrease in moisture resistance of both (HMA and WMA) containing RAP comparing to control mixtures Asphalt was observed, as shown by reduced the tensile strength ratios (TSR), but it is still much higher than the minimum of 80%.

Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt Performance with High RAP Content

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kamil Arshad ◽  
Frag Ahmed Ma Kridan ◽  
Noor Azreena Kamaluddin ◽  
Ekarizan Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Beam Specimen ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Asphalt Performance ◽  
Cost Of Materials

The pavement industry is currently forced to find alternative ways to produce asphaltic concrete with the  dwindling supply of new resources and the spiraling cost of materials. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) offers a sustainable solution to the problem by reducing energy requirements for production and the reuse of old pavement materials. The effects of warm mix asphalt additive (Sasobit) on mixes containing different percentages of RAP were investigated in the laboratory. Three different concentrations of RAP (30%, 40% and 50%) with 1.5% Sasobit by weight of binder were added, and Marshall method was used to produce all samples investigated. Two different mixing and compaction temperatures were used, 155°C and 135°C for mixing and 135°C and 120°C  for compaction. The performance of the mixes in terms of stiffness and moisture damage were investigated by carrying out the Indirect Tensile Resilient Modulus Test (ASTM D4123) and moisture susceptibility test (ASTM D 4867). The results obtained showed that there were no substantial differences in volumetric properties, stability and stiffness values of reclaimed mixes than the control mix (conventional hot mix asphalt). In addition, all the mixes investigated achieved the required minimum TSR of 80%. Measured rut depth using the Asphalt Pavement Analyser (APA) device and fatigue cycles to failure using beam specimen indicated that the mixes performed similar to or better than the control mix. The results showed that warm mix asphalt using sasobit-additive and containing high percentages of RAP could be a sustainable alternative to the conventional HMA mix.  

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