Effects of climate on earlywood vessel formation of Quercus robur and Q. pyrenaica at a site in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja D. González-González ◽  
Rosa Ana Vázquez-Ruiz ◽  
Ignacio García-González
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage ◽  
Northwestern Spain ◽  
Earlywood Vessel ◽  
Earlywood Width ◽  
A Site

We analysed climate–growth relationships for two ring-porous oak species (Quercus robur L. and Q. pyrenaica Willd.) at one site in northwestern Spain. Increment cores from 12 living trees per species were taken for ring and earlywood vessel measurements, considering three width variables (for earlywood, latewood, and the whole ring) and six anatomical variables (based on vessel area distribution, number of vessels, and conductivity) in the earlywood. We used standard dendrochronological procedures and compared each mean series with meteorological records of temperature, precipitation, and estimates of soil water content. Earlywood width was negatively related to precipitation in the previous late season for Q. robur, but it was controlled by the previous spring temperature for Q. pyrenaica. These responses were highly dependent on vessel number and probably related to carbohydrate storage dynamics but differed between species. Vessel size showed a stronger relationship to climate and was mainly coupled to water excess during the winter for Q. robur but dependent on quiescence temperature for Q. pyrenaica; also, climatic signal in vessel size was maximized by the largest vessels for Q. pyrenaica but only increased slightly for Q. robur. Consequently, vessel parameters showed a much stronger climate signal than ring width and were successful at highlighting the differences between both oak species.

scholarly journals Did the late spring frost in 2007 and 2011 affect tree-ring width and earlywood vessel size in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in northern Poland?

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Puchałka ◽  
Marcin Koprowski ◽  
Julia Przybylak ◽  
Rajmund Przybylak ◽  
Henryk P. Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Late Spring Frost ◽  
Earlywood Vessel

scholarly journals Relation of tree-ring width and earlywood vessel size of alien Quercus rubra L. with climatic factors in Latvia

Silva Fennica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberts Matisons ◽  
Jānis Jansons ◽  
Juris Katrevičs ◽  
Āris Jansons
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Earlywood Vessel

Alterations in Vessel Size in Twigs Of Quercus Robur and Q. Petraea Upon Defoliation and Consequences For Water Transport Under Drought

IAWA Journal ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Thomas ◽  
Christiane Bartels ◽  
Thomas Gieger
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Earlywood Vessel ◽  
The Cross ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

In the complex of natural factors responsible for damage to the Central European oak species Quercus robur and Q. petraea, repeated defoliation and drought are considered the most important ones. To investigate the impact of these factors on xylem anatomy and hydraulic conductance, saplings of both species were manually defoliated in the spring of two consecutive years, and equal fractions of defoliated and control saplings were subjected to drought stress in the third year of the study. Defoliation did not significantly reduce the annual ring width of the twigs, but in the twigs of Q. robur it resulted in a significant reduction of the cross-sectional area of early- and latewood vessels, and in a shift in the distribution of the earlywood vessel cross-sectional areas towards smaller size classes in the year after the first defoliation. In the earlywood of Q. petraea twigs, repeated defoliation led to a significant increase in the cross-sectional vessel areas and to a shift in their distribution towards larger size classes. No significant differences in the percentage loss of hydraulic conductance (PLC) occurred between trees that had been defoliated in two successive years prior to the drought experiment and control trees. However, PLC was significantly increased by drought. The different responses of the oak species are attributed to their different capability to recover from the applied stress factors.

Prediction of Strength and Elasticity in Oak Beams on the Basis of External Wood Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Riesco Muñoz ◽  
Andrés Remacha Gete
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Wood Moisture ◽  
Wood Structures ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wood Beams ◽  
Northwestern Spain

The purpose of the study was to search external features of timber useful for predicting modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE), both in axial direction bending, valid for a wide range of beam qualities. For the study, 23 European oaks (Quercus robur L.) were felled in northwestern Spain, where most of the oak stands in the country are located. The trees were sawn and a sample of quarter-sawn planks was selected. Planed and edged specimens (5×10×200 cm) were tested to obtain MOR, MOE, apparent density, wood moisture content, percentage of sapwood, ring width, slope of grain and size and position (faces, upper and lower edge, heads) of external defects. The MOR was correlated with the maximum face and edge knot diameter. However, the correlations were not high enough to justify construction of a predictive model of mechanical behavior on the basis of maximum knot size in the piece. The MOE was correlated with the size of knots and wane. Presence of sapwood did not exhibit significant influence on strength performance. Homogeneity in ring width was negatively related to MOR and mainly to MOE. Subject headings: Bending; Mechanical properties; Stiffness; Wood beams; Wood structures.

scholarly journals A novel computer-aided tree-ring analysis software (CATS): oak earlywood vessel size reveals a clear spring heat sum response

Trees ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1683-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Land ◽  
Matthias Wehr ◽  
Kai-Uwe Roelfs ◽  
Simon Epkes ◽  
Daniel Reichle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Tree Ring Analysis ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Earlywood Vessel ◽  
Ring Analysis

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS WOOD STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES ON GROWTH ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Kaspars Šķēle ◽  
Dace Cīrule ◽  
Anda Alksne ◽  
Jurijs Hrols
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Earlywood Width ◽  
Parameter Values

The paper considers the variation o f annual ring parameters and physical properties of wood of the pine species prevailing in Latvia’s forests, depending on the forest type (bog-land, vacciniosa) and the growth region in Latvia (Vidzeme, Latgale). Wood samples were taken from the stem butt-end, the middle and 3 A o f the height, in its sapwood or core part. An average annual ring width, latewood and earlywood width in the year ring, the percentage of latewood in the annual ring, wood density in oven-dry state (0), tangential swelling (tg) and radial swelling (rad) o f wood, as well as volume swelling (v) and swelling anisotropy coefficient (k) o f wood were determined for the samples. A comparison of these data shows that, in the majority of cases, the indices for the wood of pines grown in vacciniose have higher values, which suggests the advantage of pine wood over the bog-land pine wood. In its turn, no unambiguous distinctions between the parameter values for pine wood o f Latgale and Vidzeme origin were found, although the pine wood of Vidzeme origin had a somewhat higher indices. It may be concluded that the greatest impact on the leading pine wood properties is caused by the forest types regarded herewith, and not the belonging o f the pine wood site to its different growth regions in Latvia.

Stability of climate signal in carbon and oxygen isotope records and ring width from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Finland

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmi Hilasvuori ◽  
Frank Berninger ◽  
Eloni Sonninen ◽  
Heikki Tuomenvirta ◽  
Högne Jungner
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotope

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Records of Near-Younger Dryas Time in Central North America—Preliminary Results from the Lincoln Quarry Site, Central Illinois, Usa

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 933-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina P Panyushkina ◽  
Steven W Leavitt ◽  
Alex Wiedenhoeft ◽  
Sarah Noggle ◽  
Brandon Curry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Initial Sampling ◽  
Central Illinois ◽  
A Site

The abrupt millennial-scale changes associated with the Younger Dryas (YD) event (“chronozone”) near the dawn of the Holocene are at least hemispheric, if not global, in extent. Evidence for the YD cold excursion is abundant in Europe but fairly meager in central North America. We are engaged in an investigation of high-resolution environmental changes in mid-North America over several millennia (about 10,000 to 14,000 BP) during the Late Glacial–Early Holocene transition, including the YD interval. Several sites containing logs or stumps have been identified and we are in the process of initial sampling or re-sampling them for this project. Here, we report on a site in central Illinois containing a deposit of logs initially thought to be of YD age preserved in alluvial sands. The assemblage of wood represents hardwood (angiosperm) trees, and the ring-width characteristics are favorable to developing formal tree-ring chronologies. However, 4 new radiocarbon dates indicate deposition of wood may have taken place over at least 8000 14C yr (6000–14,000 BP). This complicates the effort to develop a single floating chronology of several hundred years at this site, but it may provide wood from a restricted region over a long period of time from which to develop a sequence of floating chronologies, the timing of deposition and preservation of which could be related to paleoclimatic events and conditions.

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