Genetic variation in silvicultural traits and carbon stock content in a provenance-progeny test of Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae)

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation of growth traits, wood basic density, dry mass of crown, leaf, and stem, and carbon stock within and between two Genipa americana L. provenances. The provenance and progeny test was installed in the Teaching, Research and Extension Farm, located in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The test was established using a randomized block design with two provenances and 36 progenies, a spacing of 3 x 2 m, four replicates, and six plants per plot. At 11 years of age, height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured. To estimate wood basic density, biomass, and carbon stock, 45 plants were thinned. Growth traits for crown, leaf, and stem, as well as wood basic specific gravity showed significant differences. Both provenances present high carbon storage, demonstrating the potential of this species to be included in carbon credit programs that help to minimize the effects of global warming. In general, heritability values were low, suggesting limited genetic control of the evaluated traits. However, the traits presented a high coefficient of genetic variation, indicating adequate sampling among populations; these results are promising for ex situ conservation and for future breeding programs.

Download Full-text

Adaptability, stability, productivity and genetic parameters in slash pine second-generation families in early age

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2016-0010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 71-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M.K. Pagliarini ◽

W.S. Kieras ◽

J.P. Moreira ◽

V.A. Sousa ◽

J.Y. Shimizu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Second Generation ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Environmental Influence ◽

Block Design ◽

Slash Pine ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Early Age ◽

Wood Volume

AbstractThe study was conducted to estimate the stability, adaptability, productivity and genetic parameters in Slash pine second-generation half-sib families, considering phenotypic traits in early age. Forty-four families from a first generation seed orchard in Colombo-PR, Brazil, were used in this study. Two progenies tests were established in a randomized complete block design. The first test was implemented in March 2009 in Ribeirão Branco, São Paulo state, containing 40 blocks, one tree per plot, 44 treatments (progenies) and 6 controls. Another test was implemented in Ponta Grossa, Paraná state, using the same experimental design and number of plants per plot, and with 24 treatments, 32 blocks. The growth traits evaluated were total height, diameter at breast height (dbh) and wood volume, within five years. The form traits evaluated were stem form, branch thickness, branch angle, number of branches, fork and fox tail five years after planting. Deviance analysis and estimates of stability, adaptability, productivity and genetic parameters were performed using the methods of best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) and residual maximum likelihood (REML). There was significant variation among progenies for growth and form traits. Considerable genetic variation was detected mainly for wood volume. High coefficients of genetic variation and heritability showed low environmental influence on phenotypic variation, which is important for the prediction of genetic gain by selection. Crosses between different progenies individuals groups will be prioritized for obtaining heterotics genotypes and increase the probability of obtaining high specific combining ability.

Download Full-text

Genetics and expected selection gain for growth traits in Eugenia dysenterica DC. populations

Bragantia ◽

10.1590/s0006-87052009000300009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 629-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ananda Virginia de Aguiar ◽

Roland Vencovsky ◽

Lázaro José Chaves ◽

Mara Fernandes Moura ◽

Lizz Kezzy de Morais

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Seed Orchard ◽

Seedling Seed Orchard ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Eugenia Dysenterica

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of quantitative traits in a living germplasm collection of Eugenia dysenterica. The genetic material consisted of 110 progenies derived from 10 natural Eugenia dysenterica subpopulations sampled in the southeastern region of the state of Goiás. The experiment was established in a complete randomized block design, with 110 treatments, four replications and one tree per plot. The study variables were total height, stem diameter and respective growth rates. After the analysis of variance some genetic parameters were estimated. The levels of genetic variation in the collection were high and the highest proportion was found within subpopulations. Highest coefficients of heritability and genetic variation were observed in subpopulations from the counties Catalão, Três Ranchos, Cristalina and Senador Canedo. Considering the promising expected progress for growth traits, this collection can be converted into an unrogued seedling seed orchard, aiming the production of improved seed.

Download Full-text

Nitrogen application forms in different stages of soy culture development

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/1352020993 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

C. S. Pereira ◽

J. V. Sanchez

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Mineral N ◽

N Application ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Soybean Crop ◽

N Assimilation ◽

Culture Development

In Brazil, inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains is the main form of N assimilation by soybeans, but there are reports of the use of mineral N as a complement to the demand of this nutrient by the plant. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of different forms and times of N application on vegetative growth and soybean crop yield in northern Mato Grosso. The experimental design was a randomized block design (DBC) with 10 treatments: control (no N application); and in all other treatments 10 kg ha-1 of N was applied, changing season and form of application as: the haul in cover at planting; in V2 at hedging; in V2 via leaf; in V4 at hedging; of N in leaf V4; from N in R1 to hedging; N in leaf R1; in R2 at cover and in R2 leaf. The cultivar used was Bonus from Brasmax®. Vegetative growth was evaluated by height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, nodulation by number of nodules and yield by variables, number of pods, grains per pod, mass of 1000 grains, and weight. productivity. In practically all variables analyzed, no effects of nitrogen application on soybean crop were verified. The shoot dry mass was higher when nitrogen was applied to V2 via foliar spraying and to V4 in soil cover. In general, although there was no statistical difference between treatments, N application at the beginning of crop development increased soybean yield. The application treatment V2 was the most productive, produced 34% more than the control without N, or 17.34 more bags than the control.

Download Full-text

Biostimulant and Micronutrient Applications in the Production of Acacia mangium Seedlings

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v38i530313 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Nathália Ferreira Alves ◽

Sebastião Ferreira de Lima ◽

Ana Paula Leite de Lima ◽

Catia Aparecida Simon ◽

Pedro Paulo Virgilio Damis

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Quality Index ◽

Block Design ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Diameter Ratio ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

Aims: Evaluate the effects of applying biostimulant and micronutrients on Acacia mangium Willd seedlings. Study Design: A randomized complete block design was used in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, at the Chapadão do Sul Campus, MS, with the geographical coordinates 18º46’ 44” S and 52º36’ 49” W, in a nursery area from October 2015 to January 2016. Methodology: The treatments consisted of a combination of the presence or absence of a solution containing micronutrients and five doses of biostimulant (0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 mL per L of water). The commercial product Stimulate™ was used as the biostimulant, and the micronutrient solution was prepared at the concentration of 1.0%. The micronutrients in the solution were in the following formulations: ZnS04, H3BO3 and CuS04. The seeds were sown in tubes containing the commercial substrate Carolina Soil do Brasil, together with the use of Osmocote Plus™ fertilizer. Results: The use of biostimulant associated with micronutrients favored the rate of emergency speed. The doses of 24.8, 14.0 and 26.1 mL L-1 of biostimulant water provided the highest values for leaf area, plant height and total dry mass, respectively, when associated with the use of micronutrients. The height / diameter ratio decreased with increasing doses of biostimulant, while the Dicson quality index increased in the same condition. Conclusion: The use of micronutrients and biostimulants were favourable for the production of A. mangium seedlings. Only the height/diameter ratio (HDR) reduced for all biostimulant doses.

Download Full-text

Genetic Variation of Anatolian Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) in the Lakes District of Turkey

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2008-0001 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (1-6) ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Gülcü ◽

A. Ö. Üçler

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Population Differentiation ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Black Pine ◽

Family Selection ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Seedling Traits ◽

Anatolian Black Pine

Abstract In this study, morphological characteristics of juvenile 1- and 2-year-old seedlings of Anatolian black pine were studied to estimate the amount of genetic variation and heritability of seedling traits of the species in the Lakes District of Turkey. This nursery study involved 460 parent trees from 23 populations in a randomized complete block design. Traits studied were the number and length of cotyledons, hypocotyls and epicotyls lengths, weight and length of initial roots, height, root collar diameter, and stem and root fresh weights, and number of buds. Variation was higher among than within populations with individual tree heritability ranging from 0.09 to 0.76, whereas family mean heritability ranged from 0.16 to 0.80. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between juvenile and 1-year-old seedling traits were generally the same sign and magnitude. Variation and heritabilities were higher for growth-related traits than the number and length of embryonic tissues. The observed level of population differentiation was low, possibly due limited geographic sampling of populations, which spanned only 2° of latitudes and longitudes, and 300m in elevation. If the observed heritabilities for growth traits were sustained to tree maturity combined family and within family selection would be effective in improving growth of this species in the Lakes District of Turkey. A broader geographic sampling is recommended for better estimation of population differentiation and establishment of the geographic pattern of the species in this region.

Download Full-text

Selection for Growth Traits on M1V1 Generation of Raja Bulu Banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) Obtained by Gamma Rays Irradiation

Caraka Tani Journal of Sustainable Agriculture ◽

10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.34492 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Nandariyah Nandariyah ◽

Endang Yuniastuti ◽

Sukaya Sukaya ◽

Sonia Ika Yudhita

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Mutation Breeding ◽

High Yield ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Musa Paradisiaca ◽

Gamma Ray Irradiation

<a name="_Hlk39513249"></a>Raja Bulu is one of the banana varieties favored by the community because of its thick fruit flesh and sweet taste. However, its parthenocarpic characteristic and vegetative propagation make this banana variety has limited genetic variation. Attempt to improve the genetic variation was conducted through induced mutation breeding using gamma-ray mutagens. This research aimed to select M1V1 generation of Raja Bulu banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) obtained by gamma rays’ irradiation for their growth traits which are expected to produce banana varieties that have an early maturity and high yield. This study used a randomized complete block design without replication by observing the generative growth of each individual of Raja Bulu banana irradiated by gamma rays and without radiation as a control. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation treatment caused Raja Bulu banana to be harvested earlier and produced higher fruit weight than controls. The gamma-ray irradiation had a random influence on Raja Bulu bananas. The 10 Gy gamma-ray irradiation dosage influenced the morphological diversity in the generative phase of Raja Bulu banana. The treatment of gamma irradiation resulted in 5 individual plants that flowered and matured earlier as compared to controls.

Download Full-text

Effects of cutting size on the growth and wood property traits of short-rotation coppice willows

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2020-0113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (12) ◽

pp. 1365-1372

Author(s):

Guo Yang ◽

Xiaoping Li ◽

Qiang Xu ◽

Jiahao Ling ◽

Tongming Yin

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Wood Property ◽

Basic Density ◽

Short Rotation Coppice ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Shrub Willow ◽

Essential Information ◽

Short Rotation

Short-rotation coppice willows, which are commonly propagated with cuttings, are promising bioenergy resource crops. In this study, a field trial with a completely randomized block design was carried out with 787 clones from three full-sib pedigrees involving two shrub willow species. A total of 7083 cuttings were planted in the field, and the mass of each cutting was recorded correspondingly. The mortality rate, growth traits, and wood property traits of each cutting-propagated plant were measured throughout a complete growing season. The obtained data showed that heavier cuttings produced shoots with lower mortality rate, higher height, thicker ground diameter, and larger biomass production than lighter cuttings. The cutting mass significantly improved plant performance, especially at the early developmental stages. However, the cutting mass had no effect on the basic density and the main chemical composition (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) of willow wood. This study provided essential information for improving the establishment of short-rotation coppice willow plantations.

Download Full-text

GENETIC VARIATION AND EFFECTIVE POPULATION SIZE IN DIPTERYX ALATA PROGENIES IN PEDERNEIRAS, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/1806-90882018000300010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Wanderley dos Santos ◽

Ananda Virginia Aguiar ◽

Danilla Cristina Lemos Souza ◽

Diego Gabriel Torres Dini ◽

Francine Beatriz de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Block Design ◽

Strict Sense ◽

Effective Population ◽

Stem Form ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Improvement Programs ◽

The Individual ◽

Dipteryx Alata

ABSTRACT Genetic and phenotypic parameters of fork (BIF), stem form (RET) and diameter at breast height (DBH) for Dipteryx alata provenances and progenies were assessed. The trial was lead in a randomized block design, with 43 treatments (26 and 17 progenies from the municipalities of Três Lagoas and Brasília in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and Distrito Federal, Brazil, respectively) and five plants per plot. The spacing between plants was 3 x 3 meters. The data analysis was performed using the REML/BLUP method (restricted maximum likelihood best linear unbiased prediction). Significant differences were detected between progenies only for DBH. The individual genetic values ranged from 3.7 to 21.7 % for BIF and DBH; genetic variation among progenies ranged from 9 to 10.5 % for BIF and DBH among provenances. Individual heritability in the strict sense was high for DBH (minimum from 0.31), revealing the potential for genetic improvement. Provenance and progenies trial showed genetic variability which can be exploited in forest improvement programs with a broad genetic base.

Download Full-text

Propagation of Aloysia citriodora Palau Using Different Cutting Types under Light Intensity

European Journal of Medicinal Plants ◽

10.9734/ejmp/2020/v31i330217 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Orivaldo Benedito da Silva ◽

Ademir Goelzer ◽

Cleberton Correia Santos ◽

Elissandra Pacito Torales ◽

Néstor Antonio Heredia Zárate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Vegetative Propagation ◽

Block Design ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of types of cuttings and light intensity on cidró vegetative propagation. Place and Duration of Study: Medicinal Plants Garden, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, September to November 2016. Methodology: The experiment was carried out under two light conditions (shaded and full light), evaluating three types of cuttings (softwood, semi-hardwood and hardwood). Experimental design was a 2 x 3 factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Results: Hardwood cuttings showed the highest survival rates (86% and 82%), regardless of light. Highest fresh weight (0.6062 g plant-1) and dry mass (0.2987 g plant-1) with a leaf of 44.57 cm2 were from hardwood cuttings, regardless of the light, while the longest root length were those of softwood cuttings under full light. Physiological indices varied as a function of light intensity, The highest values of leaf area ratio (46.11 cm2 g-1) and specific leaf mass (0.0037 g cm-2) occurred in cuttings under full light. Conclusion: The vegetative propagation of cidró can be carried out using the hardwood portion of the cutting branch, under full light.

Download Full-text