Physiological response of the moderately halophilic psychrotolerant strain Chromohalobacter sp. N1 to salinity change and low temperature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lyudmila N. Anan’ina ◽  
Aleksey A. Gorbunov ◽  
Anna A. Pyankova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Intracellular Pool ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Perm Krai ◽  
Psychrotolerant Bacterium ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Available Information

The available information on de novo synthesized compatible solutes in response to high medium salinity by bacteria of the Chromohalobacter genus is limited to studies of the mesophilic moderately halophilic strain Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043T. Therefore, there is a need for studies of representatives of other species of the Chromohalobacter genus of the Halomonadaceae family. A moderately halophilic psychrotolerant bacterium, strain N1, closely related to the species Chromohalobacter japonicus was isolated from the salt crust of a rock salt waste pile in Berezniki, Perm Krai, Russia. An intracellular pool of compatible solutes of strain N1 was investigated by NMR spectroscopy. Cells grown in the presence of 5% NaCl at optimal growth temperature (28 °C) accumulated ectoine, glutamate, N(4)-acetyl-l-2,4-diaminobutyrate (NADA), alanine, trehalose, hydroxyectoine, and valine. Such a combination of compatible solutes is unique and distinguishes the strain from C. salexigens DSM 3043T. Hyperosmotic stress induced by 15% NaCl caused the accumulation of ectoine, NADA, and hydroxyectoine but led to a decrease in the amount of alanine, valine, and trehalose. The intracellular pool of glutamate was not significantly changed. A reduction of the growth temperature from 28 to 5 °C led to an increase in the amount of ectoine, NADA, trehalose, and hydroxyectoine. Ectoine was the major compatible solute.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Phomopsis juglandina (Sacc.) Hohn. Associated with Dieback of Walnut in the Climatic Conditions of Southern Romania

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Cristina Mihaescu ◽  
Daniel Dunea ◽  
Adrian Gheorghe Bășa ◽  
Loredana Neagu Frasin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature ◽  
Conidial State ◽  
Optimal Ph

Phomopsis juglandina (Sacc.) Höhn., which is the conidial state of Diaporthe juglandina (Fuckel) Nitschke, and the main pathogen causing the dieback of branches and twigs of walnut was recently detected in many orchards from Romania. The symptomatological, morphological, ultrastructural, and cultural characteristics, as well as the pathogenicity of an isolate of this lignicolous fungus, were described and illustrated. The optimum periods for infection, under the conditions prevailing in Southern Romania, mainly occur in the spring (April) and autumn months (late September-beginning of October). Strong inverse correlations (p < 0.001) were found between potential evapotranspiration and lesion lengths on walnut branches in 2019. The pathogen forms two types of phialospores: alpha and beta; the role of beta phialospores is not well known in pathogenesis. In Vitro, the optimal growth temperature of mycelial hyphae was in the range of 22–26 °C, and the optimal pH is 4.4–7. This pathogen should be monitored continuously due to its potential for damaging infestations of intensive plantations.

The correlation between genomic G + C and optimal growth temperature of prokaryotes is robust: A reply to Marashi and Ghalanbor

2005 ◽  
Vol 330 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Musto ◽  
Hugo Naya ◽  
Alejandro Zavala ◽  
Hector Romero ◽  
Fernando Alvarez-Valin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature

Properties comparison of GaN epilayers deposited under different growth temperatures

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wang ◽  
H. Yan ◽  
B. Cao ◽  
W. Wei ◽  
Z. Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Temperature Deposition ◽  
Metalorganic Chemical Vapour Deposition ◽  
Gan Film

AbstractUndoped GaN epilayers were grown on c-plane sapphire substrates under different growth temperatures by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). The optical and structural characteristics of these grown samples were studied and compared. It was found that the crystalline quality of GaN film deposited at 1050°C was better that of other samples. Photoluminescence spectra showed that the intensities of yellow luminescence band of the samples decreased as the growth temperature increased. All above test results demonstrate that high temperature deposition can serve as a good method for high-quality GaN epilayer growth and there exists an optimal growth temperature.

Genomic GC level, optimal growth temperature, and genome size in prokaryotes

2006 ◽  
Vol 347 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Musto ◽  
Hugo Naya ◽  
Alejandro Zavala ◽  
Héctor Romero ◽  
Fernando Alvarez-Valín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature

scholarly journals Building a tRNA thermometer to access the world’s biochemical diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Cimen ◽  
Sarah E. Jensen ◽  
Edward S. Buckler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Thermophilic Organism

ABSTRACTBecause ambient temperature affects biochemical reactions, organisms living in extreme temperature conditions adapt protein composition and structure to maintain biochemical functions. While it is not feasible to experimentally determine optimal growth temperature (OGT) for every known microbial species, organisms adapted to different temperatures have measurable differences in DNA, RNA, and protein composition that allow OGT prediction from genome sequence alone. In this study, we built a model using tRNA sequence to predict OGT. We used tRNA sequences from 100 archaea and 683 bacteria species as input to train two Convolutional Neural Network models. The first pairs individual tRNA sequences from different species to predict which comes from a more thermophilic organism, with accuracy ranging from 0.538 to 0.992. The second uses the complete set of tRNAs in a species to predict optimal growth temperature, achieving a maximum r2 of 0.86; comparable with other prediction accuracies in the literature despite a significant reduction in the quantity of input data. This model improves on previous OGT prediction models by providing a model with minimum input data requirements, removing laborious feature extraction and data preprocessing steps, and widening the scope of valid downstream analyses.

scholarly journals Epitaxial Growth and Optically Pumped Stimulated Emission in AlGaN/InGaN Ultraviolet Multi-Quantum-Well Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 2326-2331
Author(s):  
Ping Chen ◽  
Young Jae Park ◽  
Yuh-Shiuan Liu ◽  
Theeradetch Detchprohm ◽  
P. Douglas Yoder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
State Density ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Quantum Well Structures ◽  
Localized State

AbstractThe thermal effect of the growth temperature on interface morphology and stimulated emission in ultraviolet AlGaN/InGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) are experimentally investigated. During the MOCVD epitaxial growth of AlGaN/InGaN MQWs, the ramping rate from a lower temperature for InGaN quantum wells (QWs) to a higher one for AlGaN quantum barriers (QBs) is intentionally changed from 1.0°C/s to 4.0°C/s. Atomic force microscopy images show that the surface morphology of InGaN QWs, which is improved by a thermal effect when the growth temperature rises to the set value of the AlGaN QBs, varies with different temperature ramping rates. The results of stimulated emission indicate that the threshold pumping power density of MQWs is decreased with increasing temperature ramping rate from 1.0°C/s to 3.0°C/s and then slightly increased when the ramping rate is 4.0°C/s. This phenomenon is believed to result from the thermal degradation effect during the temperature ramp step. A long-time high-temperature annealing will reduce the density of indium-rich microstructures as well as the corresponding localized state density, which is assumed to contribute to the radiative recombination in the InGaN QWs. Given the great difference between optimal growth temperatures for AlGaN and InGaN layers, a higher ramping rate would be more appropriate for the growth of ultraviolet AlGaN/InGaN MQWs.

scholarly journals Building a tRNA thermometer to estimate microbial adaptation to temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (21) ◽  
pp. 12004-12015
Author(s):  
Emre Cimen ◽  
Sarah E Jensen ◽  
Edward S Buckler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Thermophilic Organism

Abstract Because ambient temperature affects biochemical reactions, organisms living in extreme temperature conditions adapt protein composition and structure to maintain biochemical functions. While it is not feasible to experimentally determine optimal growth temperature (OGT) for every known microbial species, organisms adapted to different temperatures have measurable differences in DNA, RNA and protein composition that allow OGT prediction from genome sequence alone. In this study, we built a ‘tRNA thermometer’ model using tRNA sequence to predict OGT. We used sequences from 100 archaea and 683 bacteria species as input to train two Convolutional Neural Network models. The first pairs individual tRNA sequences from different species to predict which comes from a more thermophilic organism, with accuracy ranging from 0.538 to 0.992. The second uses the complete set of tRNAs in a species to predict optimal growth temperature, achieving a maximum ${r^2}$ of 0.86; comparable with other prediction accuracies in the literature despite a significant reduction in the quantity of input data. This model improves on previous OGT prediction models by providing a model with minimum input data requirements, removing laborious feature extraction and data preprocessing steps and widening the scope of valid downstream analyses.

scholarly journals Cold Acclimation of the Thermoacidophilic Red Alga Galdieria sulphuraria: Changes in Gene Expression and Involvement of Horizontally Acquired Genes

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro W Rossoni ◽  
Gerald Sch�nknecht ◽  
Hyun Jeong Lee ◽  
Ryan L Rupp ◽  
Samantha Flachbart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Galdieria Sulphuraria ◽  
Cold Temperatures

Abstract Galdieria sulphuraria is a unicellular red alga that lives in hot, acidic, toxic metal-rich, volcanic environments, where few other organisms survive. Its genome harbors up to 5% of genes that were most likely acquired through horizontal gene transfer. These genes probably contributed to G.sulphuraria’s adaptation to its extreme habitats, resulting in today’s polyextremophilic traits. Here, we applied RNA-sequencing to obtain insights into the acclimation of a thermophilic organism towards temperatures below its growth optimum and to study how horizontally acquired genes contribute to cold acclimation. A decrease in growth temperature from 42�C/46�C to 28�C resulted in an upregulation of ribosome biosynthesis, while excreted proteins, probably components of the cell wall, were downregulated. Photosynthesis was suppressed at cold temperatures, and transcript abundances indicated that C-metabolism switched from gluconeogenesis to glycogen degradation. Folate cycle and S-adenosylmethionine cycle (one-carbon metabolism) were transcriptionally upregulated, probably to drive the biosynthesis of betaine. All these cold-induced changes in gene expression were reversible upon return to optimal growth temperature. Numerous genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer displayed temperature-dependent expression changes, indicating that these genes contributed to adaptive evolution in G.sulphuraria.

Elevation of the Heat Resistance of Vegetative Cells and Spores of Clostridium perfringens Type A by Sublethal Heat Shock

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORMA L. HEREDIA ◽  
GERARDO A. GARCÍA ◽  
RAMIRO LUÉVANOS ◽  
RONALD G. LABBÉ ◽  
J. SANTOS GARCÍA-ALVARADO
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Shock Treatment ◽  
Heat Shock Treatment ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Kinetics Of

The degree of heat resistance conferred on Clostridium perfringens by a heat shock, the kinetics of this development, and its duration were determined. A sublethal heat shock at 55°C for 30 min increased the heat tolerance of vegetative cells at least two- to threefold. The acquired tolerance was maintained for 2 h after the heat shock treatment. Heat shock applied for the first hour of incubation produced spores more tolerant to heat than the spores of the control. Acquired thermotolerance is of importance in the case of this organism because of its inherently high optimal growth temperature.

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