Microbial response to carbon and nutrient additions in boreal forest soils and coversoils used during post-mining reclamation

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Lejoly ◽  
Sylvie A. Quideau ◽  
Frédéric Rees
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Glucose Addition

Two types of organic-matter-rich coversoils are used during reclamation in the oil sands region of Alberta: forest floor material (FFM) salvaged from upland forests, and peat material (PM) salvaged from boreal wetlands. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that carbon (C) and nutrient availability may limit microbial activity in these reclamation materials by measuring their response to either 13C-labeled glucose or NPKS addition. Coversoil materials were compared with two natural forest soils corresponding to target sites for reclamation. A shift in microbial community structure (determined using phospholipid fatty acid analysis) was detected after both additions, but it was stronger with glucose than NPKS, especially for the two reclamation materials. For all soils, the increase in microbial respiration was stronger after glucose than after NPKS addition. The majority of CO2 originated from soil organic matter (SOM) for the natural forest soils but from glucose for the reclamation materials. In PM, glucose addition triggered SOM mineralization, as shown by a positive priming effect. Despite the absence of a priming effect for FFM, microbial communities incorporated higher rates of glucose into their biomass and respired double the amount of glucose compared with the other materials. Furthermore, the overall microbial community structure in the FFM became more similar to that of the natural forest soil materials following glucose addition. These findings indicate that C and NPKS limitations were stronger for the two reclamation materials than for the two natural forest soils. Furthermore, microbial communities in the two reclamation materials responded more readily to labile C than to NPKS addition.

scholarly journals Soil microbial communities following bush removal in a Namibian savanna

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1393-1418
Author(s):  
J. S. Buyer ◽  
A. Schmidt-Küntzel ◽  
M. Nghikembua ◽  
J. E. Maul ◽  
L. Marker
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract. Savanna ecosystems are subject to desertification and bush encroachment, which reduce the carrying capacity for wildlife and livestock. Bush thinning is a management approach that can, at least temporarily, restore grasslands and raise the grazing value of the land. In this study we examined the soil microbial communities under bush and grass in Namibia. We analyzed the soil through a chronosequence where bush was thinned at 9, 5, or 3 years before sampling. Soil microbial biomass, the biomass of specific taxonomic groups, and overall microbial community structure was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, while the community structure of Bacteria, Archaea, and fungi was determined by multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Soil under bush had higher pH, C, N, and microbial biomass than under grass, and the microbial community structure was also altered under bush compared to grass. A major disturbance to the ecosystem, bush thinning, resulted in an altered microbial community structure compared to control plots, but the magnitude of this perturbation gradually declined with time. Community structure was primarily driven by pH, C, and N, while vegetation type, bush thinning, and time since bush thinning were of secondary importance.

scholarly journals Soil microbial communities following bush removal in a Namibian savanna

SOIL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Buyer ◽  
Anne Schmidt-Küntzel ◽  
Matti Nghikembua ◽  
Jude E. Maul ◽  
Laurie Marker
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract. Savanna ecosystems are subject to desertification and bush encroachment, which reduce the carrying capacity for wildlife and livestock. Bush thinning is a management approach that can, at least temporarily, restore grasslands and raise the grazing value of the land. In this study we examined the soil microbial communities under bush and grass in Namibia. We analyzed the soil through a chronosequence where bush was thinned at 9, 5, or 3 years before sampling. Soil microbial biomass, the biomass of specific taxonomic groups, and overall microbial community structure was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, while the community structure of Bacteria, Archaea, and fungi was determined by multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Soil under bush had higher pH, C, N, and microbial biomass than under grass, and the microbial community structure was also altered under bush compared to grass. A major disturbance to the ecosystem, bush thinning, resulted in an altered microbial community structure compared to control plots, but the magnitude of this perturbation gradually declined with time. Community structure was primarily driven by pH, C, and N, while vegetation type, bush thinning, and time since bush thinning were of secondary importance.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Quality on the Microbial Community Structure of Poorly Evolved Mediterranean Soils

Toxics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Antonio Camacho ◽  
César Mora ◽  
Antonio Picazo ◽  
Carlos Rochera ◽  
Alba Camacho-Santamans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Mediterranean Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Physical and chemical alterations may affect the microbiota of soils as much as the specific presence of toxic pollutants. The relationship between the microbial diversity patterns and the soil quality in a Mediterranean context is studied here to test the hypothesis that soil microbiota is strongly affected by the level of anthropogenic soil alteration. Our aim has been to determine the potential effect of organic matter loss and associated changes in soil microbiota of poorly evolved Mediterranean soils (Leptosols and Regosols) suffering anthropogenic stress (i.e., cropping and deforestation). The studied soils correspond to nine different sites which differed in some features, such as the parent material, vegetation cover, or soil use and types. A methodological approach has been used that combines the classical physical and chemical study of soils with molecular characterization of the microbial assemblages using specific primers for Bacteria, Archaea and ectomycorrhizal Fungi. In agreement with previous studies within the region, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils varied notably depending on these factors. Microbial biomass, soil organic matter, and moisture, decreased in soils as deforestation increased, even in those partially degraded to substitution shrubland. Major differences were observed in the microbial community structure between the mollic and rendzic Leptosols found in forest soils, and the skeletic and dolomitic Leptosols in substitute shrublands, as well as with the skeletic and dolomitic Leptosols and calcaric Regosols in dry croplands. Forest soils displayed a higher microbial richness (OTU’s number) and biomass, as well as more stable and connected ecological networks. Here, we point out how human activities such as agriculture and other effects of deforestation led to changes in soil properties, thus affecting its quality driving changes in their microbial diversity and biomass patterns. Our findings demonstrate the potential risk that the replacement of forest areas may have in the conservation of the soil’s microbiota pool, both active and passive, which are basic for the maintenance of biogeochemical processes.

scholarly journals Microbial Community Structure Affects Marine Dissolved Organic Matter Composition

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. Kujawinski ◽  
Krista Longnecker ◽  
Katie L. Barott ◽  
Ralf J. M. Weber ◽  
Melissa C. Kido Soule
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Organic Matter Composition

Phylum-Specific Primer Design and Implication in Quantification of the Microbial Community Structure in GuJingGong Pit Mud

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Mei Luo ◽  
Zhi Lei Gao ◽  
Hui Min Zhang ◽  
An Jun Li ◽  
Hong Kui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pit Mud ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers

In recent years, despite the significant improvement of sequencing technologies such as the pyrosequencing, rapid evaluation of microbial community structures remains very difficult because of the abundance and complexity of organisms in almost all natural microbial communities. In this paper, a group of phylum-specific primers were elaborately designed based on a single nucleotide discrimination technology to quantify the main microbial community structure from GuJingGong pit mud samples using the real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Specific PCR (polymerase chain reaction) primers targeting a particular group would provide promising sensitivity and more in-depth assessment of microbial communities.

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